• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While many obesity studies have pointed out the importance of meal regularity, few have conducted empirical analyses using data from food diaries. We examined the association between meal regularity (i.e., meal time regularity [MTR] and calorie intake regularity [CIR]) and weight loss. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We collected food diary data from 637 women who had participated in commercial weight loss programs for 28-168 days (4-24 weeks). This study defined "meal regularity" in terms of two concepts: MTR and CIR. MTR refers to how regularly people eat their meals (i.e., at certain times each day), whereas CIR refers to how regularly people consume a certain amount of calories at each meal. We conducted multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: MTR (model 1: β = -2,576.526, P < 0.001; model 2: β = -1511.447, P < 0.05; model 3: β = -1,721.428, P < 0.05) and CIR (model 1: β = -1,231.551, P < 0.01; model 2: β = -2,082.353, P < 0.001; model 3: β = -1,343.490, P < 0.01) turned out to be significant determinants of the amount of weight loss in breakfast, lunch, and dinner contexts. While meal regularity (i.e., MTR and CIR) was significantly associated with weight loss, daily calorie intake from meals was not significantly associated with the amount of weight loss (model 1: β = 0.13, P > 0.05; model 2: β = 0.11, P > 0.05; model 3: β = 0.14, P > 0.05). Subjects who consumed an equal amount of calories per meal throughout the day lost more weight than those who did not (model 4: β = -3,675.51, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Eating each meal (i.e., breakfast, lunch, and dinner) at a certain time every day may increase weight loss success. Also, consuming the same amount of calories at each meal may help weight loss success.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.37-60
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• 2021

Before the tenth century, the dress of elite women in and around China often reflected "Han" Chinese fashions and preferences. In funerary paintings and relief sculptures of Sogdian and Xianbei couples from the sixth century, for example, women wear "Han" Chinese-style clothing. Even in the Tang dynasty (ca. 618-907), when exchange with Central Asia via overland Silk Road trade impacted the styles and patterning of elite dress and men incorporated clear Central Asian attributes into their dress, elite women in the Tang sphere wore recognizably Tang fashions. Chinese-style dress in these centuries clearly conveyed cultural import and, likely, political power, especially after the founding of the Tang dynasty. However, the straightforward borrowing of Tang women's dress shifted in the Khitan Liao dynasty (ca. 907-1125). The Liao, in contrast to other states that shared a border with China in previous centuries, saw themselves as political equals to the Song dynasty (ca. 960-1278) court in the south. The Liao court was interested in Song customs and culture and incorporated artistic motifs and practices from the Song court. However, the Liao courtly idiom was never fully subsumed into the greater world of the Song - rather, the Liao used facets of Song courtly culture for their own ends. One way this is manifested is through the dual administrative system, a bureaucratic organization that, among other things, regulated and distinguished between who was permitted to wear Khitan and non-Khitan dress. In this paper, I will examine the material evidence from funerary contexts for how the dress of elite Liao women both engaged with the dress of the Song, while also maintaining a certain amount of cultural autonomy. Through their dress, elite Liao women signaled clear messages about their status, identity, and difference to their Song counterparts.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2021

Recently, there have been a number of researchers in the field of education who are actively exploring the educational applications of Blockchain technology, even though it is still in its infancy. Some researchers have been investigating its application in educational administration to issue academic credentials' or maintain student records with distributed ledger, which is the basis of Blockchain technology. Whereas, others have been examining its application in redesigning learning systems that are being used in various contexts, including online learning and lifelong education. In that vein, this paper aims to discuss a liberal arts education system which will be supported by Blockchain-based 'smart contracts'. At present, active efforts are being made to innovate liberal arts education in Korea, centered around government-funded university innovation projects and there have been reports of great achievements. However, if the Blockchain technology is applied to innovating the liberal arts education, we will innovate not only the liberal arts education but also university education as a whole. In this paper, there are suggestions on how to build a learner-centered educational environment where a liberal arts education system is supported by Blockchain-based smart contracts. First of all, the current innovation in liberal arts education and its limitations are discussed, followed by ways in which Blockchain-based smart contracts can reframe the liberal arts education system. Last but not least, the paper addresses implications of the Blockchain technology applications in liberal arts education, along with their future prospects.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.202-215
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• 2022

The androgen receptor (AR) is an important therapeutic target for treating prostate cancer (PCa). Moreover, there is an increasing need for understanding the AR-independent progression of tumor cells such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Menin, which is encoded by multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), serves as a direct link between AR and the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) complex in PCa development by activating AR target genes through histone H3 lysine 4 methylation. Although menin is a critical component of AR signaling, its tumorigenic role in AR-independent PCa cells remains unknown. Here, we compared the role of menin in AR-positive and AR-negative PCa cells via RNAi-mediated or pharmacological inhibition of menin. We demonstrated that menin was involved in tumor cell growth and metastasis in PCa cells with low or deficient levels of AR. The inhibition of menin significantly diminished the growth of PCa cells and induced apoptosis, regardless of the presence of AR. Additionally, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of many metastasis-associated genes was perturbed by menin inhibition in AR-negative DU145 cells. Furthermore, wound-healing assay results showed that menin promoted cell migration in AR-independent cellular contexts. Overall, these findings suggest a critical function of menin in tumorigenesis and provide a rationale for drug development against menin toward targeting high-risk metastatic PCa, especially those independent of AR.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2020

악기(樂器)는 음악을 연주하는 데 쓰이는 기구로서 뿐만 아니라 음악적, 역사적 또는 사회적 맥락에서의 의미를 함축하고 있다. 양금은 사다리꼴 모양의 몸통 위에 줄을 괘에 얹어 채를 이용하여 현을 쳐서 연주하는 타현악기(打絃樂器)로 고대 아라비아와 페르시아에서 기원하여 세계 여러 지역에서 창조적으로 계승되어 연주되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 형태나 연주법의 변화 없이 원형의 모습을 그대로 간직하고 있는 한국 전통양금을 음악도상학(音樂圖像學, Musical Iconography)적 연구 방법을 통해 악기에 함축되어 있는 의미를 고찰하고자 한다. 본 연구가 악기연구에 대한 새로운 관점을 제시하고 악기 본연의 이해를 높일 뿐만 아니라 악기가 함축하고 있는 의미를 이해하는 데 도움이 될 수 있기를 기대해본다. 음악도상학적 방법을 통한 연구를 통해 악기연구가 보다 다층적인 면에서 활성화되고 음악학의 영역이 더욱 폭넓은 측면에서 다루어지기를 바라는 바이다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2022

From simultaneous recordings of the external photoglottography, intra-oral air pressure (P_io), airflow and acoustic data from four native Seoul Korean speakers (2 male and 2 female), we have found that the two fricatives are not significantly different in glottal opening peak and airflow peak height either word-initially or word-medially and that the duration of aspiration is significantly reduced in word-medial /s/, compared to those in word-initial /s/, not in /s'/. We have also found that the duration of a high P_io plateau is significantly longer in /s/ than in /s'/ both word-initially and word-medially and that airflow resistance (R=P_io/U) at the onset and offset of a P_io plateau and at the time of airflow peak height is significantly higher in /s'/ than in /s/ across the contexts. However, the differences in P_io peak and F0 are not significant. In addition, the transition time to reach airflow peak height from the offset of a P_io plateau is found to be significantly longer in /s/ than /s'/ in both word-initial and word-medial positions. No significant differences in glottal opening peak and airflow peak height confirm that /s/ is specified as [-spread glottis] like /s'/. As for the other significant differences, we propose that /s/ is [-tense], and /s'/ [+tense].

• 수완나부미
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.109-134
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• 2021

Indonesia has undergone the rapid deforestation largely as a result of practical consequences of human overexploitation of the forest. Between 1950 and 2015, around 43% of the forest area in Indonesia had been lost (68.0 million hectares). The process of deforestation has partly been a response to the rapidly intensifying 'global' and 'domestic' economic demands. Deforestation in Indonesia is also indirectly due to 'materialism-driven' value system and the corresponding weakening of Indonesian ethics. Therefore, given that socio-cultural expressions of modern Indonesian value systems have mostly taken place within a framework of Islam, the aim of the paper is to attempt to find Islamic ethics in general, which can provide the basis of ecological ethics to prevent rapid deforestation in Indonesia. The paper is composed of the followings. First, following the 'Introduction', it outlines the historical process of deforestation in Indonesia and also its corresponding socio-economic contexts. Then it moves on to talk about ecological ethics in general, thereby emphasizing that the phenomenological problem of deforestation needs to be conceived at a philosophical level beyond ecological phenomena. After discussing the ecological ethics, the paper proceeds to examine Islamic ethics as a canonical framework of ecological ethics in Indonesia. In doing so, it attempts to apply the Islamic ethics to the diverse Indonesian society and then considers 'Pancasila' as a potential framework for a pragmatic link between Islam ethics and Indonesian society. Having said that, in conclusion, the paper argues that there is a need for 'concrete' translation of 'Pancasila' into implementation in an Indonesian context, thereby various agents (government, policy-practitioners, concessionaires and also all the Indonesian) may agree in saying 'no' to overexploitation of the forest, to rapid depletion of the forest and to 'unsustainable' development practices.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.397-419
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• 2022

글로벌 식량 위기의 해결책이자, 4차 산업혁명 시대의 새로운 성장동력으로서 스마트농업이 등장하였다. 본 연구는 해외 주요국의 스마트농업 동향을 통해 각 국가의 농업 지식과 경험이 특정 농업 환경에서 어떻게 발현되는지 살펴봄으로써 스마트농업의 공간성을 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 스마트농업 기술 수준에 따라 중국, 일본, 네덜란드, 미국을 대표적인 사례로 선정하여 각 국가 스마트농업 정책의 방향성, 거버넌스, 주력 분야와 기술을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 지역의 경제·사회·문화 및 생태적 맥락으로부터 탈맥락화 시키는 방향으로 작동하는 표준화 전략과 지리적 특성을 반영하여 각 국가별 스마트농업 모델을 구축하고자 하는 국지화 전략이 동시에 작동하며 각 국가의 정책과 기술을 형성하는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 국가적 스케일에서 스마트 농업 정책과 현황을 살펴보는 시도로써 농업기술 지리 및 농업지식생산의 지리를 탐색하기 위한 연구의 토대로 활용한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.361-375
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 2015 개정 교육과정에 따른 초등학교 1~2학년 수학 교과서 어휘를 등급 및 유형에 따라 분석하였다. 어휘 유형은 학습 도구어, 수학 교과 특수 개념어, 수학 교과 일반 개념어로 구분하여 분석하였다. 어휘 등급별 분석 결과, 1~2학년 수학 교과서에서는 1등급과 2등급 어휘가 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 어휘 유형별 분석 결과, 학습 도구어 중 일부 어휘가 3등급 어휘로 나타났으며, 수학 교과 특수 개념어의 경우 미등록어이거나 1등급 어휘인 경우들이 많았다. 수학 교과 일반 개념어는 2학년 교과서에서의 빈도수가 1학년 교과서에 비해 크게 증가하였다. 이러한 결과를 기반으로 수학 교과서 어휘 지도를 위한 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.297-312
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• 2022

문장제는 학습자에게 다양한 문제해결의 경험을 제공하고 수학적 지식을 맥락에 적용할 수 있도록 안내하여 학습자의 수학 학습을 더욱 의미 있게 이끌 수 있다. 본 연구는 초등 수학 교과서의 문장제를 실제적 맥락 관점에서 살펴봄으로써 교과서 집필 및 교수 학습 과정에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 초등 수학 교과서 내 수와 연산 영역의 문장제를 살펴보았으며 구체적인 대안을 모색하기 위하여 미국과 핀란드의 초등 수학 교과서를 참고하였다. 분석 결과, 초등 수학 교과서의 문장제에 부자연스러운 맥락이나 소재를 설정하는 경우, 인위적인 수를 삽입하거나 문장제의 언어적 표현 및 삽화가 명료하지 않게 제시되는 경우 등이 나타났다. 이러한 경우 학습자가 문장제의 맥락을 실생활과 별개의 것으로 인식하거나 문장제에서 요구하는 내용을 이해하여 문제를 해결하기 어려울 수 있다. 추후 교과서 집필 시 학습자를 고려하여 소재를 설정하고 삽화, 도식 등을 적극적으로 활용하며 문장 및 삽화를 더 명료하게 구성하는 등 실제적 맥락을 고려하여 다양한 형태의 문장제를 구성할 필요가 있다.