• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2020

Cell migration is a central process for recovering from wounds triggered by physical distress besides embryogenesis and cancer metastasis. Wound healing assay is widely used as a fundamental research technique for investigation of two-dimensional cell migration in vitro. The most common approach for imitating physical wound in vitro is mechanical scratching on the surface of the confluent monolayer by using sharp materials. The iron metal pin with a suspension spring for fine adjustment of the orthogonal contact surface between the scratching point and the individual bottom of multi-well plate with planar curvatures were adopted for the creative invention of a 96-well plate wound maker. While classic tips drew diverse and zigzag scratching patterns on the confluent monolayer, our wound maker displayed synchronized linear wounds in the middle of each well of a 96-well plate that was seeded with several cell lines. Given that several types of multi-well plates commercially available are compatible with our lab-made wound maker for creating uniform scratches on the confluent monolayer for the collective cell migration in wound healing assay, it is certain that the application of this wound maker to the real-time wound healing assay in high content screening (HCS) is superior than utilization of typical polypropylene pipette tips.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 1968

The Present study attempted to analyze the fate of CO diffused into the circulating blood through the alveoli. Dogs were induced to CO poisoning by rebreathing CO gas mixture contained in Krog's spirometer, by closed circuit method, for 60 minutes. The spirometer was filled initially with 282 ml of CO and 20 liters of air and oxygen, so the composition of gases were arranged as 1.4% in CO and 50% in $O_2$ at the begining of the rebreathing. Oxygen was added corresponding to the utilization of $O_2$ by the animal in proceeding of the experiment. At 60th minutes of CO rebreathing, the concentration of CO in arterial blood and in mixed venous blood were analysed and compared with each other after the CO contents were corrected with the hematocrit measured in the arterial and mixed venous blood. The distribution of CO gas to other tissues was estimated by the analysis of CO diffused into the cystic bile and into the peritoneal gas pocket which was formed by injection of 300 ml air into the peritoneal cavity prior to the CO gas rebreathing. The blood volume was measured by dilution method using $^{51}Chromium$ tagged red cells. CO amount vanished in the animal body was calculated by subtraction of total CO content in blood stream and the CO remained in closed circuit breathing system from the CO amount given to the breathing system at the begining of the experiment. Results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The content of CO corrected by the hematocrit value was slightly less in mixed venous blood than in arterial blood. The amount of CO diffused into the cystic bile and into the peritoneal cavity was averaged to 0.1% and 0.4% of the CO amount in 100 ml of blood, respectively. 2. For 60 minutes of CO rebreathing, CO-hemoglobin saturation reached about 77% at the 60th minutes, CO amount vanished in the experimental animal averaged 36.1 ml/dog/hr., or 21% of the total CO volume in the blood stream. The average vanishing rate of CO during 60 minutes of CO rebreathing per kg of body weight was 2.71 ml/hr. Production of CO measured in ten dogs under hypoxic condition averaged 0.023 ml/kg/hr. The major part of the CO vanished in the dogs seemed to be oxidized to $CO_2$ by various tissues of the animal. The conclusion might be delivered as such oxidation of CO to $CO_2$ by animal tissues can play a role in part of the process of recovery and protection of animal from CO-poisoning.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.5
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 1987

The pot experiment was conducted using soils with varying contents of available phosphorus to select the reasonable method for determination of the available phosphorus content in soils for Nak-Dong rice cultivation. On a basis of the responses to the phosphorus tertilizer applied, the linear correlation coefficients by Bray No.1, Bray No.2, Lancaster, North Carolina and Olsen methods were 0.887, 0.868, 0.879, 0.952 and 0.911 for Nak-Dong rice yield, respectively. Of the methods tested, North Carolina method was the most suitable for determining, the phosphorus content in soils for Nak-Dong rice. The phosphorus application promoted the growth of Nak-Dong rice in pots for culm, tiller number, available stem and grain number per ear. Based on this experiment it could be presumed that the recommanded quantity of phosphorus fertilizer should attain to 5kg per 10a to promote the growth of Nak-Dong rice in A-soil and 10kg per 10a in B -, C - and D-soil. The results from the pot experiment will be somewhat different from those from the field experiment. Therefore, field experiment should be carried out for further information.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.400-414
• /
• 2021

Under high-level radioactive waste repository conditions, bentonite as an engineered barrier material undergoes thermal, hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes. We report the applications of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) imaging technique on the characterization and analysis of bentonite over the past decade to provide a reference of the utilization of this technique and the recent research trends. This overview of the X-ray CT technique applications includes the characterization of the bentonite either in pellets or powder form. X-ray imaging has provided a means to extract grain information at the microscale and identify crack networks responsible for the pellets' heterogeneity. Regarding samples of pellets-powder mixtures under hydration, X-ray CT allowed the identification and monitoring of heterogeneous zones throughout the test. Some results showed how zones with pellets only swell faster compared to others composed of pellets and powder. Moreover, the behavior of fissures between grains and bentonite matrix was observed to change under drying and hydrating conditions, tending to close during the former and open during the latter. The development of specializing software has allowed obtaining strain fields from a sequence of images. In more recent works, X-ray CT technique has served to estimate the dry density, water content, and particle displacement at different testing times. Also, when temperature was added to the hydration process of a sample, CT technology offered a way to observe localized and global density changes over time.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.487-499
• /
• 2020

This study aims to planned Elementary Multicultural Education Program for Promoting Self Esteem. To this end, consider the application force of education and teaching system designed to reorganize the ADDIE Model study was carried out in accordance with the analysis, design, development, process evaluation. To this end, analyzing the between self-esteem and group theory related to them and the social identity theory and key concepts to consider in the context of multicultural education programs for elementary self-esteem enhancement identity, prejudice, cooperation and was composed of equality. Four key concepts are sub-elements of self-esteem individuals, homes, schools, set up a detailed learning objectives in accordance with the social and selecting the learning content and organization, which was composed of a total of 16 class periods. Considering the characteristics and interests of the target students, the teaching-learning method was designed to utilize various methods, including games, quizzes, and discussions, and each class was designed to be developed by organizing them into subjects-learning goals-activities(recognition-exploration-clearing). Since in the three-member expert review, modify the content on the basis of opinions and presented the final program. The program planned by this study, further research is required to verify the effectiveness and utilization in the educational field and expects effective multicultural education.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.361-374
• /
• 2022

For this study, we designed and produced mulberry low-fat ice cream supplemented with synbiotics (MLF-ISS). The sensory characteristics and physical, chemical, and microbiological qualities of MLF-ISS were then determined. Mulberry juice inoculated with or without probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 926 and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) was also tested at 37℃ for 24 h to determine probiotic growth rate, pH, total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA). Only the TAC of mulberry juice inoculated with S. boulardii CNCM I-745 increased considerably (p < 0.05) among these parameters. MLF-ISS was produced with varied mulberry fruit concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40%) (w/w). The MLF-ISS prepared with 30% mulberry fruit (w/w) (30-MLF-ISS) had a higher score in appearance, color, and sweetness (p < 0.05) when sensory qualities were measured using the 9-point hedonic scale method. In the CIE lab system (L^*, a^*, b^*), the color values of 30-MLF-ISS were 27.80 ± 0.26, 12.99 ± 0.59, and 1.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The 30-MLF-ISS was also subjected to a proximate analysis. The melting rate of 30-MLF-ISS was 0.29 ± 0.03 g/min and the time it took for the first drop to fall was 37.00 ± 7.00 min. TAC, TPC, and AA of 30-MLF-ISS were observed to alter significantly (p < 0.05) during varied intervals of storage at - 18℃ (0, 30, and 60 days). The viability of probiotics in 30-MLF-ISS slightly decreased after storage at -18℃ for 8 weeks, but remained about 6 log CFU/g. During storage at -18℃ for 0 and 120 days, no pathogenic bacteria were detected in 30-MLF-ISS. These findings show that 30-MLF-ISS has nutritional and functional value, is free of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, is safe for consumers' health, and is suitable for application in the ice cream and related food industries.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.530-538
• /
• 2023

This study conducted an investigation into the effects of fruit type and cultivation practices (organic and conventional) on soil characteristics and soil arthropod communities within apple, blueberry, grape, peach, and pear orchards. The collection of soil arthropod communities was achieved through the utilization of pitfall traps, with concurrent measurements taken for soil moisture content, electrical conductivity, and temperature. The findings of this study unveiled substantial impacts attributed to fruit type and cultivation practices on soil characteristics. Specifically, within organic apple orchards, discernibly higher levels of soil moisture content, electrical conductivity, and temperature were observed when compared to their conventional counterparts. The investigation into soil arthropod communities yielded a total of 1,527 individuals, classified in to five phyla and 15 orders. The range of abundance, species richness, and diversity indices varied across conventional and organic orchards. Cultivation practices were found not to exert a significant influence on soil arthropod community characteristics. However, Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis indicated a significant differentiation in soil arthropod community structure based on cultivation practices. This study underscores the importance of considering vegetation structure and environmental characteristics that may influence soil arthropod communities comprehensively when assessing the impact of cultivation practices on soil arthropods. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need to account for both the characteristics and structure of soil arthropod communities in understanding the implications of cultivation practices on these organisms.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.623-632
• /
• 2024

Fully ripe Omija (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) berry has been used for medicinal and edible purposes for a long time due to its various physiological activities. The seeds of Omija fruit are produced during the processing of the fruit, but are often discarded in the food industry. To increase the utilization of Omija seeds, this study investigated the differences in essential oil and lignan compositions between the pulp and seed. The yield of essential oil in whole berries was 1.33% based on dry weight, 0.91% in the pulp, and 2.65% in the seed, respectively. A total of 62 constituents were identified by GC and GC-MS analysis from the oils of the two parts. The major constituents were sesquiterpenes, such as α-ylangene, cuparene, alloaromadendrene, cis-lanceol, β-himachalene, and nootkatone. The content of these ingredients was higher in the seed than in the pulp. The most abundant lignan compounds in the berry were schizandrin, followed by γ-schizandrin, schizandrin A, and schizandrol B. The content of the four lignans in the seed was significantly higher than in the pulp. The seeds of Omija have higher contents of essential oils and lignan compounds compared to the pulp, making it necessary to explore approaches for utilizing them as food ingredients.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.504-518
• /
• 2024

In this study, the pre-service elementary teachers' characteristics of pedagogical design using science teacher's guides were analyzed. Eleven pre-service teachers at the University of Education in Korea participated in the study. They were provided with three types of teacher's guides and were asked to use them to design a science lesson. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain specific information on how the guides were implemented. The analysis of the results revealed that they primarily used the guides to classify the learning content for each lesson and establish connections between the content of the particular lessons through the unit learning system. The teacher's guides mainly featured knowledge-based learning objectives, and most pre-service teachers accepted them without considering the attitudinal aspects. In the process of designing the assessments, the teaching goals written down by the pre-service teachers were used as the main source. Teaching and learning activities were supplemented by evaluating the activities presented in the teacher's guides based on the students' cognitive level and misconceptions. In terms of teaching methods, the teacher's guides were evaluated and reorganized to develop teaching-learning models and to construct introductory activities that cater to students' interests and motivations. Based on the results, we discussed the utilization of the guides to enhance their pedagogical design capacity and suggested directions to improve them.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.64-73
• /
• 2015

The theft of construction equipments and materials at construction sites is one of the risk factors that may affect to the productivity as well as the progress of the project. However, managers of the construction site have paid little attention to the security measure, therefore the theft loss at construction sites has been occurred repeatedly every year. In this study the situation analysis has been carried out for the present condition of theft loss of construction equipments and materials as well as its prevention measure based on the questionnaire survey targeting field managers, experienced theft loss at the site, as a part of base study to set up a security measure of construction sites. The main content of this study is analyzing characteristics of theft loss and the degree of impact and risk by it at construction sites, then reviewing the direction of the prevention plan establishment for the future through the analysis of the importance and utilization level of prevention measures. The result of this study would give an opportunity to create an awareness against the theft loss at construction sites as well as can be utilized as a basic survey for the systematic development of concerned prevention measures.