• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 1999

자기보고 능력이 부족하다고 알려진 학령전기 아동의 임상 평가는 외부관찰자의 보고에 의존하는 점이 많고 아동 자신의 내적인 경험, 생각, 감정에 대한 직접적인 평가가 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 놀이 상황에서 학령전기 아동의 내적 마음의 표상을 알아보기 위해 개발된 MacArthur Story-Stem Battery(MSSB)를 사용하여 정상 아동의 내적 마음의 표상의 발달에 대한 연구를 시행하여 학령전기 아동의 임상 평가에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 본 연구는 만 3세부터 7세까지의 정상 아동 55명(남아 32명, 여아 23명)에서 MSSB, 언어평가(Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised), 지능평가를 시행하고 비디오로 녹화하여 분석하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 정서적인 갈등 상황을 설정한 놀이에서 아동들은 비전형적 부정적 반응, 보상/죄의식, 처벌, 개인적 상해 등의 부정적인 정신적 표상이 흔히 표현되었다. 2) 부모에 대한 정신적 표상은 긍정적 표상, 훈육적 표상, 부정적 표상의 순으로 표현되었다. 3) MSSB 내용 주제요인 분석 결과, 비전형적 부정적 반응, 공격성, 개인적 상해, 배제로 묶이는 공격적 주제, 애정, 제휴, 죄의식/보상으로 묶이는 친사회적 주제, 처벌과 불복종으로 묶이는 반항적 주제 세 가지로 나타났다. 4) 부모에 대한 정신적 표상과 MSSB 내용 주제와의 상관관계를 살펴보면, 부모에 대한 긍정적 표상은 친사회적 주제와(r=0.40), 부정적 표상은 공격적 주제와(r=0.52) 그리고 훈육적 표상은 반항적 주제와(r=0.75) 유의미한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 5) 부모에 대한 정신적 표상과 MSSB 정서 반응과의 상관관계를 살펴보면, 부모에 대한 긍정적 정신적 표상과 불안 사이에 유의미한 부적 상관관계(r=-0.43)를 보였다. 6) MSSB 내용 주제와 정서 반응사이의 상관관계를 살펴보면, 공격적 주제(r=0.28)와 반항적 주제(r=0.29)는 고통의 감정 반응과 유의미한 양적 상관관계를 보였고 친사회적 주제는 근심(r=-0.29), 불안(r=-0.43)과 유의미한 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 정서적인 갈등을 야기하는 놀이 상황에서 학령전기 아동들은 부정적인 정신적 표상을 흔히 보였으며 부모들은 자신들을 도와주는 긍정적인 표상으로 나타남을 알 수 있다. 또한 공격적 주제를 많이 보이는 아동들은 부정적인 정서 반응과 부모에 대해 부정적인 정신적 표상을 많이 나타냄을 알 수 있다.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

모바일 콘텐츠 사용에 있어서 Alert형태의 피드백은 사용자로부터 사용 중인 콘텐츠에서 간섭을 발생시킨 콘텐츠로 이탈을 유도한다. 본 논문에서는 콘텐츠 사용에 있어서 피드백과 몰입간의 상호관계에 대한 연구에 기초가 될 수 있는 기능성 게임을 설계 및 구현하였다. 사용자 정보를 바탕으로 긍정적, 부정적, 혼합형 등 3가지 유형의 피드백을 제시하는 구조로 설계되었다. 제시되는 피드백 요소들이 콘텐츠 사용의 몰입에 주는 영향에 대한 실험을 진행 하였다. 실험을 통해 부정적 피드백이 긍정적 피드백보다 더 높은 간섭을 가져오고, 부정적 피드백과 긍정적 피드백이 혼합되어 사용되는 경우 부정적 피드백에 대한 몰입을 가중시키는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2021

Purpose: How to build the positive emotion of customer is very important, because it affects the positive attitude. Brand evidence has a significant impact on consumer behavior in terms of reinforcing consumers' perception of food service companies and differentiating them from competing brands. Thus, this study examines the effect of brand evidence on emotion (positive emotion and negative emotion), and attitude in restaurant industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study examines the structural relationship among brand evidence, emotion, and attitude. Brand evidence divide into three sub-dimensions such as physical evidence, core service, and employee service. In order to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. The questionnaire items were modified and used according to the content of this study based on previous studies. All constructs were measured by multiple items tested and developed in the previous research. The data were collected from 439 restaurant users from Seoul area were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 program. A total of 460 questionnaires were distributed and a survey was conducted for 4 weeks, and a total of 439 were used for analysis, excluding non-response data and 21 unusable response data among the collected questionnaires. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify the general characteristics of the survey subjects. To measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Structural model analysis was conducted to verify the research model. Result: The findings demonstrate that physical evidence, core service, employee service had positive effects on positive emotion. And core service and employee service had negative effects on negative emotion while physical evidence did not have. Also, positive emotion had positive effect on attitude and negative emotion had negative effect on attitude. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide guidelines on how to enhance competitiveness in restaurant industry through understanding brand evidence's effects on raising perceived consumer's emotion and attitude. Therefore, food service companies should establish a marketing strategy that can stimulate positive emotions through brand evidence, which is all factors related to service brands that influence consumers' evaluation of service products and purchase decision-making process.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.177-190
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• 2023

Purpose Recently, as a new business marketing tool, short form content focused on fun and interest has been shared as hashtags. By extracting positive and negative keywords from media audiences through comment analysis of social media news, various stakeholders aim to quickly and easily grasp users' opinions on major news. Design/methodology/approach YouTube videos were searched using the YouTube Data API and the results were collected. Video comments were crawled and implemented as HTML elements, and the collection results were checked on the web page. The collected data consisted of video thumbnails, titles, contents, and comments. Comments were word tokenized with the R program, comparing positive and negative dictionaries, and then quantifying polarity. In addition, social network analysis was conducted using divided positive and negative comments, and the results of centrality analysis and visualization were confirmed. Findings Social media users' opinions on issue news were confirmed by analyzing and visualizing the centrality of keywords through social network analysis by dividing comments into positive and negative. As a result of the analysis, it was found that negative objective reviews had the highest effect on information usefulness. In this way, previous studies have been reaffirmed that online negative information has a strong effect on personal decision-making. Corporate marketers will analyze user comments on social network services (SNS) to detect negative opinions about products or corporate images, which will serve as an opportunity to satisfy customers' needs.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.440-451
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• 2013

Because of the e-shopping market consumers now have diverse options to choose when placing their orders, and find it easy to obtain the required information through the Internet. Especially, for consumers, product reviews posted on an e-tailer's website have become more important criteria than such information available elsewhere. Hence, this study investigated the influence of the direction and evaluative contents of online reviews on consumer attitudes toward clothing products. Four types of online reviews based on direction (positive/negative) and evaluative content in review information (objective/subjective) were used in the experimental design. Further, stimulus reviews were developed. Credibility, usefulness of reviews, product preference, and purchase intention were the measured dependent variables in each of the four situations of online review presentations. The results indicated that, overall, positive and objective online reviews resulted in a higher level of consumer attitude. The content in these reviews had a relatively stronger influence than the direction on attitudes toward online reviews. Overall, objective reviews generated a higher level of credibility and usefulness of information than subjective reviews. Regarding subjective reviews, negative information was more related to credibility, whereas positive information was more related to usefulness. Further, positive information had a higher influence than negative information on consumer attitudes.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.510-514
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• 2007

정조의 저장조건에 따른 이화학적 특성의 변화에 대한 상관성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 식미관련 특성들의 상관관계에서 상온저장은 식미치와 강하점도, 취반점도와 단백질 함량 간이 유의한 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 치반점도와 강하점도, 강하점도와 단백질 함량간은 유의한 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 저온저장에서는 식미치와 아밀로스 함량, 호화개시온도와 단백질함량간이 유의한 정의 상관을 보였고, 식미치와 백도, 식미치와 호화개시온도, 식미치와 단백질함량 간은 유의한 부의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 식미관련 특성들이 식미치에 미치는 경로계수는 상온저장에서 직접적인 정의 효과로는 아밀로스 함량이 가장 높았으며 직접적인 부의 효과로는 단백질 함량이 가장 높았으며 다음으로 Mg/K비로 나타났다. 간접적 정의 효과로는 강하점도와 단백질 함량이 가장 높았으며 단백질 함량과 강하점도, 단백질 함량과 Mg/K비의 순이었고 간접적 부의 효과로는 호화개시온도와 Mg/K비로 가장 높았으며 백도와 Mg/K비의 순이었다. 저온저장에서 직접적인 정의 효과로는 백도가 가장 높았으며 단백질함량의 순이었고, 직접적 부의 효과로는 호화개시온도가 가장 높았으며 아밀로스 함량의 순이었다. 간접적인 정의 효과로는 호화개시온도와 아밀로스 함량이 가장 높았으며 호화개시온도와 강하점도의 순이었고 간접적인 부의 효과는 백도와 호화개시온도로 나타났으며 호화개시온도와 단백질함량의 순이었다. 식미관련특성들의 식미치에 대한 중회귀분석은 상온저장에서 단백질 함량, Mg/K비, 아밀로스 함량, 호화개시온도의 5개 요인에서 0.823의 결정계수로 가장 높게 나타났고, 저온저장에서는 수분함량, 아밀로스함량, 호화개시온도, 치반점도의 5개 요인에서 0.712의 결정계수로 가장 높게 나타났다. 24.16 kcal/mol의 값을 나타내었다.로 감소되었다(35.2% vs. 77.4%; p<0.01). 실험 2에서 다양한 정자 농도에 의한 정자 침투율과 정상 수정률을 바탕으로 판단했을 때 $4.6{\times}10^6/ml$의 정자 농도가 다른 정자 농도에 비해 난구 세포부착 난자의 체외 수정에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 체외 수정과정에서 난구 세포 부착된 상태로 수정된 난자는 나화 난자에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높은 분할률(48.8% vs. 58.9%), 배반포 형성률(11.0% vs. 22.8%)과 배반포 세포수$(22{\pm}2\;vs.\;29{\pm}2)$를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 돼지의 체외 수정과정에서 난구 세포의 존재는 정자 침투를 저해하지만 분할률, 배반포 형성률 및 배반포의 세포수를 증가시키는 것으로 사료된다.수의 유출입 지점에 온도센서를 부착하여 냉각수의 온도를 측정하고 냉각수의 공급량과 대기의 온도 등을 측정하여 대사열의 발생을 추정할 수 있었다. 동시에 이를 이용하여 유가배양시 기질을 공급하는 공정변수로 사용하였다 [8]. 생물학적인 폐수처리장치인 활성 슬러지법에서 미생물의 활성을 측정하는 방법은 아직 그다지 개발되어있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 슬러지의 주 구성원이 미생물인 점에 착안하여 침전시 슬러지층과 상등액의 온도차를 측정하여 대사열량의 발생량을 측정하고 슬러지의 활성을 측정할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다.enin과 Rhaponticin의 작용(作用)에 의(依)한 것이며, 이는 한의학(韓醫學) 방제(方劑) 원리(原理)인 군신좌사(君臣佐使) 이론(理論)에서 군약(君藥)이 주증(主症)에 주(主)로 작용(作用)하는 약물(藥物)이라는 것을 밝혀주는 것이라고

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2022

The application of computer software into the linguistic analysis of texts proves useful to arrive at concise and authentic results from large data texts. Based on this assumption, this paper employs a Computer-Aided Text Analysis (CATA) and a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to explore the manipulative strategies of positive/negative presentation in Orwell's Animal Farm. More specifically, the paper attempts to explore the extent to which CATA software represented by the three variables of Frequency Distribution Analysis (FDA), Content Analysis (CA), and Key Word in Context (KWIC) incorporate with CDA decipher the manipulative purposes beyond positive presentation of selfness and negative presentation of otherness in the selected corpus. The analysis covers some CDA strategies, including justification, false statistics, and competency, for positive self-presentation; and accusation, criticism, and the use of ambiguous words for negative other-presentation. With the application of CATA, some words will be analyzed by showing their frequency distribution analysis as well as their contextual environment in the selected text to expose the extent to which they are employed as strategies of positive/negative presentation in the text under investigation. Findings show that CATA software contributes significantly to the linguistic analysis of large data texts. The paper recommends the use and application of the different CATA software in the stylistic and corpus linguistics studies.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1091-1107
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to technology impact assessment uncertainties and influences of factors for the coexistence technology in MR and to derive the ripple effect of the target technology in many different application fields. This survey is to evaluate the impact of new technologies on economy, society, culture, ethics and environment in advance and to reflect the results in policy research. As a result, we analyzed the positive and negative impacts predicted by the coexistence technology in MR in edutainment field by word cloud analysis. The purpose of these study is to strengthen the intrinsic intent of technology assessment on the edutainment fields to strengthen positive impacts and minimize adverse impacts by identifying the various factors affecting society when the coexistence technology in MR was commercialized as well as by evaluating the positive and negative impacts from a more balanced view.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2021

Purpose: Waiting occured frequently in the service industry. Because waiting time is perceived as a loss by customers, perceived waiting time affects positive and negative responses to restaurants. If the waiting time is perceived as long, the waiting receptivity to accept the wait may also decrease. Therefore, restaurant stores need to increase waiting satisfaction so that customers can feel the waiting time shorter. Therefore, in this study, the effect of perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction of customers visiting Taiwanese restaurant companies on waiting acceptability, emotions (positive and negative emotions) and satisfaction is investigated. Research design, data, and methodology: This study examines the structural relationship between perceived latency, waiting satisfaction, emotion, and satisfaction. To verify the purpose of this study, a research model and hypothesis were developed. The questionnaire items were modified and used according to the content of this study based on previous studies. All configurations were measured with multiple items tested and developed in previous studies. Data collected from 407 Taiwanese restaurant customers were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.0 programs. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to measure the reliability and effectiveness of the measurement tool. Structural model analysis was performed to validate the study model. Results: The study results are as follows. Perceived waiting time was found to have a positive effect on negative emotions. In addition, it was found that waiting acceptability had a negative effect on negative emotions, and had a positive effect on positive emotions and customer satisfaction. Positive emotions were found to have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction. Also, waiting satisfaction was found to have a positive effect as a moderating variable on the relationship between perceived waiting time and waiting acceptability. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, perceived waiting time was found to have a negative effect on eating out consumers. However, if the waiting time is satisfied, waiting time will increase the waiting time acceptability. Therefore, if customers are satisfied with the waiting environment by improving the quality of the waiting environment, it will be possible to establish a marketing ^*strategy^* that stimulates the positive effect of the perceived waiting time.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 1963

In a plant breeding program, an efficient selection of desired characters in a population is important. Generally, many agronomic characters in a given population are determined by polygenes and quantitatively inherited. In practice, the genetic relationship between two observed characters which are undoubtedly subjected to the environmental influence is difficult to identify. In recent years, many workers have attempted to understant the genetic relationship between characters in terms of genotypic correlation, and the knowledge thus gained should furnish many important and useful information for the planning of breeding, selection, and interpretation of the result. The genotypic correlation is the result of pleiotropy, linkage of genes(2, 3, 5, 6, 8) and natural or artificial selection(4). The purposes of this study were to estimate genotyric and phenotypic correlations between all possible pairs of nine characters. and to seek certain characters which may be useful as indicators of certain important agronomic characters. Weber and Moorthy(10), Johnson et al. (5) and Sheth(7) found that in general, the genotypic correlations were higher than the phenotypic correlations. Weiss et al. (11) obtained significant positive correlations between maturity and oil content, maturity and low protein content, and high protein content and low oil content. Weber and Moorthy(10) reported the positive genotypic correlations between flowering and maturity, yield and maturity, yield and plant height, yield and seed weight, and negative genotypic correlations between maturity and oil content, and oil content and seed weight. Johnson et al. (5) studied the genotypic and phenotypic correlations among 24 characters and concluded that selection based entirely on a long fruiting period, lateness, heavy seed, low protein, high oil and resistance to lodging would be effective in increasing yield. Sheth(7) found the following positive associations among characters; height and maturity, yield and lodging, low protein content and high oil content, and yield and low protein content. Hanson et al.(1) also reported high negative correlation between seed yield and protein content.