• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 1992

It is generally known that the frost-resistance of concrete is much affected by the air content in concrete and by the air void system or air distribution. And also the frost-resistance is believed to vary with the stre¬ngth of concrete. This article is prepared to describe, based on experiment, the effect of the air content and the air void system, particularly the effect of the spacing factor, on the freeze-thaw resistance of the high strength conc¬rete. For this purpose, I first worked on Non-AE concrete to make its compressive strength set about 400 to 500 kg/em'. However, the freeze-thaw test on the Non-AE concrete resulted in low durability factor, I.e., 10-2~0%. Thus to enhance the durability, another supplementary step was needed. I used AE admixture. which enhanced durability by changing the air content from 2% to 12%. The frost-thaw test was then performed 500 cycles on the 20 kind of concrete mixtures which differ in unit cement content and in water-cement ratio. Keywords : frost -resistance, air content, air void system, air distribution, spacing factor, freeze-thaw test, dur ability factor. capillary cavity, Linear Traverse Method.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2015

Video Content owners seek to squeeze the maximum amount of revenue from their assets via distribution into more territories. Digital Cinema Package(DCP), trusted solution to distribute protected content to theaters, caters to relatively small user base, which limits revenue. With the growth of the Internet & other digital media, the economics of media content has changed dramatically. Security remains main concern to deliver content to millions of consumers using intelligent digital display devices like Tablets, Smartphones, Smart TVs, Desktop & Laptop. By making the video content available to this segment securely, content owners will benefit from increased revenue. Through this paper we propose Open Source HomeDCP model to distribute the content to home users for offline viewing. We propose to include other open source CODEC than JPEG2000/MPEG2, which are specifically designed for theatrical performance. Final image size will be further reduced considering the display device resolution where video will be finally played. Key Delivery Message(KDM) system to be altered to suit new devices. This will be a big boost to Content Economy as content owners would be able to distribute the content securely to the wider audience & ensure more revenue.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2007

Super-distribution is essential for revitalization of digital contents industry in DRM system. Since existing DRM systems emphasize on security for intellectual property rights, it became restrictions to content distribution and the consumer rights. This paper suggests license management mechanism which strengthen super-distribution between consumers. It is to manage distribution history for each content by inserting consumer's identification information in content head. Client can verify security by comparing header and license after issuing license. It classifies the type of distribution and license, and then applies adaptive distribution methods. It can revitalize contents distribution by releasing proper license for super-distribution.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.394-402
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• 2011

We introduce the standard content identifier Universal Content Identifier (UCI) and a watermarking system that embeds UCI for the broadcast content distribution services. Our proposed UCI embedder is designed in consideration of integrating with the previously established broadcast system and protecting the illegal distribution of broadcast contents. Our goal is that when broadcast content is transmitted, 28 byte UCI is embedded imperceptibly in the content itself in real-time and the embedded UCI is successfully extracted not only in the typical format used in the broadcast content distribution service but also in the illegally distributed broadcast contents. Usually the illegally distributed contents are modified from the original by changing resolutions, frame rates, or adjusting colors. In this paper, we present a watermarking scheme that embeds 28 byte UCI in broadcast content in real-time while keeping the visual quality high and the embedded watermark robust enough to survive through the various modification. The experimental results show that the embedded UCI remains in the various modified versions of content and that the visual degradation by embedding is not noticeable.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.6 s.95
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• pp.731-738
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• 2004

With the increase of digital content usages, the protection for digital content and intellectual property becomes more important. The DRM(digital rights management) technologies are applicable to protect not only any kind of digital contents but also intellectual property. Besides such techniques are required for recorded digital broadcasting contents due to introduction of digital broadcasting techniques and storage devices such as personal video recorder. The conventional protection scheme for broadcasting content is the CAS(conditional access system) by which the access of viewer is controlled on the specific channels or programs. The CAS prohibits the viewer from delivering the digital broadcasting content to other person, so it results in restriction of superdistribution on the digital broadcasting content. In this paper, for broadcast targeting unspecfic many people, we will design the service model of the protection and distribution of digital broadcasting content using encryption and license by employing the concept of DRM. The results of implementation are also shown to verify some functions of each component. An implemented system of this paper has some advantages that the recording of broadcast content is allowed on set-top-box and superdistribution is available by consumer. Hence it provides content providers and consumers with trustworthy environment for content protection and distribution.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10c
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• pp.518-520
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• 2006

Due to the rapid popularization of mobile multimedia devices and the Internet as well as the realization of high-speed data transmission and large-volume data recording media, high quality content distribution and ubiquitous information services are making progress and a new type of information distribution and network sharing service has gradually emerged into the market. It is capable of utilizing terabyte sized home servers also in private homes. Under these circumstances, in distribution of content over shared networks, it is crucial to establish DRM (Digital Rights Management) technologies to protect the content from illegal copying and usage. A truly successful DRM system must be built on open worldwide specifications and provide maximum interoperability and user acceptance. An open interoperability of DRM is able to construct highly expandable PKI based DRM, targeting usage between systems, considering the expansion of recent content distribution services and clients This document gives protocol specifications for the exchange of rights information between the DRM module, description of specifications for rights information and encrypted content formats.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.627-632
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• 2005

The online distribution systems under the wireless environment include many different factors from the conventional offline and wired networks. Furthermore, the multimedia content may be propagated more easily and illegally. The scheme to protect the rights and profits of people related to the copyrights of digital content Is needed. In this paper a framework for content distribution under the wireless environment based on MPEG-21 and UCI application process are proposed. This model can be applied to the digital rights management system and utilized to protect the rights of trading entities in online distribution of electronic commerce.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.91-100
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• 2021

Purpose: Supply chain management is a significant component of marketing strategy to achieve the overall goal of maintaining a competitive edge in the industry. To better understand and compare marketing strategies between two major distribution channels (Wholesalers and Retailers), the present study examines the various critical aspects in developing marketing strategies based on numerous prior studies. Research design, data and methodology: Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing various non-numeric data to establish different concepts or opinions in the data. In content analysis, determining the presence of different themes, concepts, or other valuable texts and their relationships is carried out. Usually, the researchers employ three distinct methods to carry out complete content analysis. Results: Developing the appropriate marketing strategy to manage the supply chain of a business is essential. Marketing strategies should be formulated in a manner that ensures the supply chain is well organized. Applying the marketing strategy in the supply chain management, the current author utilizes the four Ps to integrate strategies for two distribution channels which are essential in ensuring proper management. Conclusions: This study concluded that utilizing the existing marketing strategies and integrating them can help in better management of the supply chain, using communication, decision making, product differentiation, and pricing.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.7
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• pp.1213-1224
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• 2003

In recently, digital comic content distribution was not stable for illegal distribution and the weak of intellectual property right in the internet. The research activities of suggest the distribution model and secure intellectual property right are going in international standard communities, not yet in Korea. As the basis of the research, the general framework of international projects and standards such as MPEG-21, IMPREMATUR, FILIGRANE was analysed. Targeting on the domain of digital comics industry, the digital comics distribution structure and business flow model are defined adapting secured distribution system, DRM. The detail content of this research consist of three themes. The first, survey and analysis of the international standard ＆ leading DRM project's models. The second, suggestion of the service scenario on the digital comic content distribution. The third, suggestion of the model on the secured distribution of digital comics. Through this research targeting at the digital comics business, we found that standards technical items and requirements was well adapted into target domain, and would affect other domain in digital content industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.979-988
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• 2009

Illegal reproductions and subsequent copyright infringement have curtailed development of digital content industry. Many DRM systems have been developed and utilized for this purpose. However, current DRM system allow only authorized user to access the contents, and as such, redistribution to other user without getting license again entails cumbersome process. Currently, super-distribution system which can be used for redistribution of downloaded contents in more streamlined fashion is being widely conducted. But for streaming type content, it is still very difficult to redistribute with super-distribution system because the client must directly connect to streaming server to access the content. Accordingly, a new DRM streaming service structure is required to allow streamed contents to be redistributed as easily as the downloaded contents. In this paper, we proposed the relay file structure that can connect the streaming server and the user for super-distribution of the streaming contents.