• Title/Summary/Keyword: container terminal yard

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Yard Design of the Container Terminal using the Simulation (시뮬레이션을 이용한 컨테이너 터미널의 장치장 설계)

  • 하태영;최용석;김우선
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents a method for designing layout on the yard and evaluating alternative designs of the layout by applying simulation. The method is based on the concepts of the conventional port container terminal with a perpendicular yard layout. In general, yard design of the container terminal is consists of the two major parts. One is to divide yard area between the number of sections and the number of runs and the other is to decide the number of equipment that is the yard truck and yard crane. In the past days, this design was depended on the experience of the terminal operator and the structure of the conventional terminal layout because it is a very complex decision problem. In this paper we suggest the method of yard design as a conceptual procedure and estimate the efficiency of the container crane and the optimal the number of equipment using the simulation. Numerical examples are provided in order to illustrate the conceptual procedure. As the example, the suggested method and simulation are applied to the virtual container terminal with a perpendicular yard layout. In the results, the number of sections and runs on yard area, the number of yard truck per container crane and the number of yard crane per run are decided. In additional, the traffic among blocks on yard layout is estimated in terms of rate.

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Evaluating the Storage Capacity of a Container Terminal: A Simulation Approach (컨테이너터미널의 장치장 보관능력 평가: 시뮬레이션접근)

  • 박병인
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.59-72
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    • 2005
  • There were many theoretical studies using mathematical models about a yard storage capacity in a container terminal so far, but a simulation approach is newly popularizing. The reason why the simulation studies about yard storage capacity were a few was that once the most important part in a container terminal was a quay part. However, from the economic crisis year of 1977, the yard storage part in a container terminal became a critical resource because of the shortage of SOC investment resources. Therefore, after discharging or loading even through there was a waiting in the quay part or not, it can be swiftly improved the efficiency of a container terminal if it was handled rapidly or smoothly in a container yard. So the accurate assessment of yard storage capacity in a container terminal was needed. This study planed to assess the operation capability of a container yard via a simulation model. The model included many chatacteristics of three Korean container terminals such as Gamman Hanjin, Uam, and Hutchinson Busan at the period of 1999 to 2000. The 95% percentile was chosen as a criterion for judging of the storage capability by the recommendation of KPC (1998) and JWD (1998). A simulation approach with system dynamics concept considering the multi-directional impacts within the related variables can probavly foresee the future storage capacity of a terminal not just the past.

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Estimation on Storage Yard Occupancy Ratio of Container Terminal: A Case of Busan New Port Container Terminal (컨테이너터미널 장치장 점유율 추정 연구: 부산항 신항 컨테이너 터미널을 중심으로)

  • Kim, GeunSub
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.45 no.3
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    • pp.148-154
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    • 2021
  • With advancements of quay side handling equipment and technologies, congestion in terminal operation has moved to the storage yard side from the quay side. The importance of storage yard management has increased in overall terminal operation. Thus, many studies have been conducted to optimize the storage yard management of container terminals. However, there is no academic work to estimate the change of storage yard occupancy ratio by itself in the future. This paper examines the probability of storage yard occupancy ratio in the container terminal of Busan New port using the Markov chain analysis which explains probability change with passing time. The result shows that it is most likely to have the probability of maintaining a high level of storage yard occupancy ratio in the container terminal of Busan New Port.

Allocation Model of Container Yard for Effectiveness of ATC Work in Automated Container Terminal

  • Kim, Hwan-Seong;Lee, Sang-Hun;You, Myong-Suk;Kwak, Kyu-Seok
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.74.1-74
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC work time and the equivalence of ATC work´s load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown. The characteristic of equipment which is operated in the terminal and basic assumption are given. Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total work time and the equivalence of work´s load is proposed for the effectiveness of ATC work in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. To find the solution of allocation model in given terminal yard situation, a GA is applied, where the real information of container is used ...

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An Estimate of the Required Number of Yard Tractor in Container Terminal (컨테이너터미널의 야드 트랙터 소요대수 추정)

  • Choi, Yong-Seok;Kim, Woo-Sun;Ha, Tae-Young
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.549-555
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate the required number of yard tractor on port container terminal. The number of yard tractor is the bottleneck factor on the efficiency of container terminal. Due to the change in travel speed and travel distance, the efficiency is difficult to estimate. The efficiency of yard tractor is estimated by the proposed simulation model that developed considering the queueing network between container crane and transfer crane. The number of yard tractor per container crane is estimated by the alternative analysis. And to determine the number of yard tractor per container crane, the performance measure such as the distance between berth and yard, the speed of yard tractor are simulated.

A Study on Simulation for Combined Productivity Analysis at Container Terminal (컨테이너터미널의 결합생산성 분석을 위한 시뮬레이션 연구)

  • 최용석;하태영
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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    • 2004.05a
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2004
  • The objective of this paper is to analyze the combined productivity at container terminal. We present a mode3 for combined productivity that perform the container transportation between apron and yard. Usually, the efficiency of container terminal is evaluated by productivity of container cranes at apron, but there are other equipment such as transport vehicles and yard cranes. Therefore, a method that can estimate the combined productivity of equipment of container terminal is required. We performed various simulation experiment and analyzed combined productivity to estimate the required number of equipment.

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Allocation Model of Container Yard for A TC Optimal Operation in Automated Container Terminal

  • Kim, Hwan-Seong;Nguyen, DuyAnh
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.737-742
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we deal with an allocation model of vertical type container yard for minimizing the total ATC (Automated Transfer Crane) working time and the equivalence of ATC working load in each block on automated container terminal. Firstly, a layout of automated container terminal yard is shown The characteristic of equipment which work in the terminal and its basic assumption are given Next, an allocation model which concerns with minimizing the total working time and the equivalence of working load is proposed for effectiveness of ATC working in automated container terminal. Also, a weight values on critical function are suggested to adjust the critical values by evaluating the obtained allocation plan. For ATC allocation algorithm, we suggest a simple repeat algorithm for on-line terminal operation.

An empirical study on yard inventory change according to containers' dwell times. This study was supported by grant of Sunchon National University, Korea

  • Kim, Chang-gon;Youn, Myoung-Kil
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - Yard inventories increase when export containers are carried into the terminal and decrease when import containers are delivered to the consigners. The purpose of this study is to analyze container inventories according to the weekly ship arrival pattern at container terminals. Research design, data, and methodology - As container ships operate according to weekly schedules based on shipping companies and their routes, specific terminals provide a fixed-day service in a week. Thus, yard inventories can change with weekly fluctuations. The data used in this study were the actualdata at specific container terminals. Result - The dwell times of each container at a terminal represent an important variable that affectsyard inventories. Even cargo flows are steady in a given period, if dwell times are prolonged, yard inventories increase. Conclusion - Dwell time is another factor causing yard inventory change. Therefore, the calculation for yard inventories should consider the weekly ship arrival patterns and dwell times of each container. Further, at the planning stage, dwell time should be more carefully considered to calculate yard capacity.

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A Study of Comparison with the Operating Priority Rules of RMGC on Semi-Automated Container Terminal (반자동화 컨테이너터미널의 RMGC 운영방식 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Chan-Ho;Ha, Tae-Young;Yang, Hong-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2010
  • This paper aims to compare four operating priority rules of RMGC (Rail Mounted Gantry Crane) used in semi-automated container terminal. The four priority rules employed in this paper are FCFS (First-come-first-served), LCFS (Last-come-first-served), TOS (Turn-over-served) and NFS (Nearest-first-served). And to compare the four operating priority rules, this paper analyzed productivity of RMGC and CC (Container Crane), waiting time of YT (Yard Truck) and RT (Road Truck) in container yard, and turnaround time of RT in container terminal of each priority rule by using stevedoring simulation. As a result, NFS was evaluated as the best rule to improve the overall productivity of container terminal in terms of all criteria.

A Study on the Dynamic Export Yard Planning Considering Pattern of Coming-in Containers (반입 패턴을 고려한 동적 수출 장치장 운영 계획에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jong-Ho;Shin, Jae-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2007.12a
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    • pp.337-339
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    • 2007
  • The productivity of container terminal is usually regarded same as the productivity of quay crane. Operation of quay crane for the export is started from picking up a container in yard block. In doing so, smooth flow of container is vital to maximize the productivity of quay crane. Improvement of quay crane's productivity means improvement of entire productivity in container terminal, which reinforces the competitiveness of terminal consequently. Setting effective plan is essential to improve work flow from yard to quay crane. For optimal plan, it is necessary to gather information about exact time schedule of come-and-go containers for loading, amount of containers that will be come to terminal. Generally, the arrival time of containers and the amount of containers are definite and predictable. However, in the case of export container, the arrival time of containers is random and unpredictable. This study examines the pattern of coming-in containers as time goes in container yard and provides the solution to how to plan export yard considering the change of state in terminal and adapt it to container yard plan

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