• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.251-255
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• 2008

Container cranes are vulnerable structure about difficult weather conditions bemuse there is no shielding facility to protect them from the strong wind. This study was carried out to analyze the wind load which have an effect on container crane according to the various wind direction. The container crane is a model of a 61-ton class that used broadly in the current ports. The external fluid field was figured as a cylinder which was set up $500m{\times}200m$. In this study, we applied mean wind load conformed to 'Design Criteria of Wind Load' in 'Load Criteria of Building Structures' and an external fluid field was divided as interval of 10 degrees to analyze effect according to a wind direction In this conditions, we carried out the computation fluid dynamic analysis using the CFX-10. As we compared computation fluid dynamic analysis with wind tunnel test, we analyzed the wind load which was needed to design the container crane.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.296-303
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• 2002

The main subject to become a hub port is automation. The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced ports and it has been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the most optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types or effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real time. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and the number of AGVs)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.349-354
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• 2006

This study analyzed the fluid state around a container crone according to a wind direction when a wind load was applied to a container crone. The container crane for this research is a model of a 50-ton class used broadly in the current ports. The dimension of an external fluid field set up diameter, 300m, height, 200m. This study considered the change of a wind velocity according to an altitude in a criterion of a wind velocity, 50m/s, applying a power series law. An incident angle applied to an interval of 30 degrees in $0^{\circ}{\sim}180^{\circ}$ and this study carried out a computation fluid dynamics using a CFX-10. In this study, we indicate the wind pressure according to the height and section figure of each member. In addition, we suggest the wind pressure accordint to a wind direction. And we will analyze the structure stability of a container crone from the fluid-ductile analysis in the next study.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.851-856
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• 2008

Construction of large-scale container ports with the productivity improvements in container cranes shortened time of staying port to increase the level of service it harbors efforts accelerated. About container crane system exerted on the input, which is designed to look good performance considering the states feedback control system. The states observer designed of container cranes state variables that are expected to measurement noise or particular measurement signal. In the status of existing research, the feedback gain matrix and the state observer gain matrix are searched by being separated solving. But the feedback gain matrix and the state observer gain matrix are searched by RCGAs at once that be used robust search method in this paper.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With its foreign trade rapidly expanding and with economic growth continuing at a substantial rate, China has become the largest container traffic generating country in the world. And with trend of container ships becoming larger and faster, the environment surrounding ports in North-East Asia are rapidly changing. The Yangsan, offshore port for Shanghai, being developed on the islands of Da Yangsan and Xiao Yangsan, some 30km offshore, and connected to the mainland by the six-lane highway Donghai bridge, opened phase one in late 2005 and phase two in 2006 respectively and will have 29 berths by 2012 and be able to handle 15 million TEU. The Port of Shanghai which passed Busan in terms of container volume further consolidated its position as the world's No. 3 port with an annual volume of 21.7 million TEU in 2006 and is likely to have emerged as the biggest container port in the world. The Port of Busan, the world's fifth largest container port, wants to survive as regional hub port. In this circumstance, the strategies of the Port of Busan should be established.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-24
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• 1995

The intensification of the competition among container terminals has led to important affect such as, decision making or aggressive intervention of customers for terminal operation. Therefore, in case of developed ports, the large transition of port operation is composed of the press of terminal customer than decision making of terminal manager. Overall port tariffs for using terminal is made out by the conference of terminal customers than the supreme headquarters of terminal operation, and the related investment of terminal has been made according to requisition or proposal of customers. Therefore, among decision making problems that shippers, shipping companies, and freight forwarder among decision making problems that shippers, shipping companies, and freight forwarder face, the choice of the container terminal is one of the most important problems. So, the decision making of the users seems to have a significant impact on the competitive power of container terminals. The main objective of this study is to design port marketing strategy for strengthening the competitive power of container terminals. The results of this study were found as follows: Firstly, port authority should establish user-oriented operation policy of terminal as the means of activating the opinion window, using terminal monitoring system(TMS). Secondly, terminal planning and development of government should be made to minimize the lead time, to induce the civil capital and to utilize the economies of scale. Thirdly, port authority needs to endeavor to analyze the information of competing foreign terminals as well to promote the concentrated marketing for the terminal on the users, to train the expert and to develop the new port charge system. Fourthly, to improve the competitive power of the container terminal, Port Authority should optimize the subsystems related to port marketing, far more these systems should be joined organically to work effectively. Finally, port authority system should be introduced, Namely, port should have the enterprise inclination as well s the public inclination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2023

The automation of container terminals is an important factor that determines port competitiveness, and global advanced ports tend to strengthen their competitiveness through container terminal automation. The operational efficiency of the AGV, which is an essential transport equipment of the automated terminal, can improve the productivity of the automated terminal. The operation of AGVs in automated container terminals differs from that of conventional container terminals, as it is based on an automated system in which AGVs travel along designated paths and operate according to assigned tasks, requiring consideration of factors such as workload, congestion, and collisions. To prevent such problems and improve the efficiency of AGV operations, a more sophisticated model is necessary. Thus, this paper proposes an AGV scheduling model that takes into account the AGV travel path and task assignment within the terminal The model prevent the problem of deadlock and. various cases are generated by changing AGV algebra and number of tasks to create AGV driving situations and evaluate the proposed algorithm through algorithm and optimization analysis.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.783-790
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• 2004

For a nearly decade Busan has been the pre-dominant force in Northeast Asian port community, but during the last couple of years, several competitors have looked to directly challenge Busan's regional dominance, most notably, northern Chinese ports. Faced with this challenging and formidable trend, Busan has had to respond appropriately to ensure that Busan remains a regional hub well into the 21st century. The aim of this paper is to make some considerations for a regional hub container port in Northeast Asia in response to changes in the shipping industry with particular reference to Korea.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.518-534
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• 2003

A strategic planning to attain a Marine Logistic Transportation Center on the Far-Eastern Pacific is investigated and is being reviewed at the NTRM Vision IV. Utilizing high speed super-sized container carriers, 15,000TEU and 35knots, between the two hub-ports, a western coast city of the United States and Kwangyang/Busan of South Korea, are motivated by now highly successful shipbuilding and maritime industries. SMART, 330MW thermal power plant under planning, will greatly expedite the transfer of cargoes across the Pacific. A sizable effort is required to achieve the goal, but the reward will also be very great, technically, economically, socially and geo-politically.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2014

Variability factors of transship cargo in the container transportation market analysis short term factors. In the past, studies on the factor of variability in container cargo volume have focused on long term volume forecast and increase in investment and competitiveness from strategic perspectives. Unlike previous studies, this paper analyzes factors of variability in transshipment volume rapidly varying in short term and seeks measures. Since it was identified that transshipment volume depends on vessel operation cost and port volume in long term but effectively on special strategies launched by port authorities in short term, the port authority experienced rapid drop in volume should continue to observe strategies of competition ports and to make use of strategies seeking appropriate countermeasures.