• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.389-396
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• 2001

Direct numerical simulation of bubble growth and merger process on a single nucleation site during partial nucleate boiling is performed. The equations governing conservation of mass, momentum and energy are solved using a finite difference method combined with a level set method for capturing the vapor-liquid interface. The level set method is modified to include the effects of phase change at the interface and contact angle at the wall. Also, a simplified formulation for predicting the evaporative heat flux in a thin liquid micro-layer is developed and incorporated into the level set formulation. Based on the numerical results, the bubble growth and merger pattern and its effect on the heat transfer are discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.8 s.113
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• pp.886-892
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• 2006

Hot spot phenomenon is caused by non-uniform contact area between brake pad and disk frequent braking. Brake disk deformed by locally concentrated heat increases magnitude of frictional vibration. And this deformation can highly influence the judder vibration. In this experimental study, vibration and hot spot was measured in accordance with rotation of disk and pressure of master cylinder for finding the factors that causes hot spot phenomena. For comparing hot spot aspects with mode shapes of disk, mode shapes were measured by conducting modal test, and analyzed by using finite element analysis. Relation between hot spot phenomenon, and mode shape, pressure of master cylinder and rotation speed of disk respectively, was achieved by hot spot measurement and frequency analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1111-1117
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• 2008

During the dynamic analysis of a system, the Coulomb friction law is emploved to calculate the friction force. Since the static friction coefficient is only employed during the zero relative velocity, it is impractical to employ the coefficient during the dynamic analysis. To calculate the static friction force, therefore, some friction models have been developed. In this study, the integration stability and the accuracy of the models are investigated with some numerical examples. The effect of time step size during the numerical integration is also investigated. The numerical study shows that the friction model employed for most commercial codes is not as good as the one proposed in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.189-198
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• 2008

The production of automotive chassis parts requiring both high hardness and good shape-holdability is better realized by using press quenching technology, comprising the austenitizaton and the subsequent press quenching in a specially designed stamping tool. The effect of press quenching mold shape on the hardness distribution, bending height, and degree of planeness of automotive flexible plate during press quenching and tempering has been investigated. The preferable shape of the projections of punch and die in contact with the flexible plate was close to oval to improve the flow of cooling oil, leading to the higher hardness. The press quenching mold with three separate parts was more effective to control the dimensional change due to thermal deformation during press quenching. Some decrease in the bending height during tempering may be related to some recovery of the residual stress at $400^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.344-350
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• 1999

The surface chemical structure of three kinds of polyethylene (PE): high density (HD) PE, low density (LD) PE and linear (L)-LDPE exposed to Ar and $O_2$ plasmas has been investigated using XPS. Oxygen was incorporated in a more increased amount for HDPE than for L-LDPE and LDPE. Ar plasma tended to incorporate more oxygen than $O_2$ plasma. The XPS valence band spectra for Ar plasma exhibited a clear peak assigned to $O_2$s character. By chemical derivatization method it was found that the amount of -COOH group at the surface was much greater than that of -OH group. The hydrophilic nature of plasma-treated PE increased in the order: LDPE

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 1982

The Tree phenomenon of the PMMA resin depends on an annex of the inorganic fillers and water. If the internal of an arganic insulating materials exist the fault of inorganic fillers, Void and Projecting part, the high voltage concentrates in this place. It leaves a trace about the partical breakdown and this phenomenon develops into the degration of insulating material. This paper researchses that have an effect on the tree phenomenon by the inorganic fillers and water. The results is as follow. (1) The growth of tree are less the influence of inorganic fillers. Because , the constant of water are more. (2) If the tree branches contact the inorganic filler, the advance are relaxation.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.743-752
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• 2020

The phenomenon of reflection and transmission of plane waves at an interface between fluid half space and orthotropic piezothermoelastic solid half-space with two-temperature has been investigated. Energy ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves are computed with the use of amplitude ratios. The law of conservation of energy across the interface has been justified. It is found that the energy ratios are the functions of angle of incidence, frequency of independent wave and depend on the different piezothermoelastic material. A piezothermoelastic material has been considered which is in welded contact with water. Variations of energy ratios corresponding to the reflected waves and transmitted waves are computed and shown graphically for the two different models. A particular reduced case of interest is also discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.349-364
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• 2010

The impact behaviour and the impact-induced damage in laminated composite cylindrical shell subjected to transverse impact by a foreign object are studied using three-dimensional non-linear transient dynamic finite element formulation. A layered version of 20 noded hexahedral element incorporating geometrical non-linearity is developed based on total Langragian approach. Non-linear system of equations resulting from non-linear strain displacement relation and non-linear contact loading are solved using Newton-Raphson incremental-iterative method. Some example problems of graphite/epoxy cylindrical shell panels are considered with variation of impactor and laminate parameters and influence of geometrical non-linear effect on the impact response and the resulting damage is investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2004

The effect of surface damage on fatigue properties of catenary wires were investigated to estimate their service lift. As surface defects of the wires caused by surface corrosion increase, surface roughness gets worse, and as roughness increases, it is easy for moisture coming from rain and dew to be condensed around uneven parts of the surface. The condensed moisture causes a locally severe corrosion which leads to damage of the wires. Corrosion of catenaty wires can make their actual lifetime shorter than that originally designed. The amount of decrease was more prominent as environmental conditions became more corrosive. They are also vibrated with some amplitude everytime pantographs touch contact line. The frequent cyclic load on the wire may result in a fatigue fracture. Surface damage by corrosion can make formation of crack initiation at fatigue. In the present study, the fatigue life of the used wire was measured 35 to 50% compared with that of new one in average.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05b
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• pp.465-470
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• 2009

This paper discusses the numerical study on the dynamics of the high-speed EMU by developing the 34 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) lumped parameter model including the effect of the creepage. In order to reflect the creepage, the Kalker's wheel-rail contact theory is introduced in the proposed model. The dynamic analysis using $Matlab^{(R)}$ software is conducted, and its results are compared with those from ADAMS/Rail to investigate the validity of the proposed 34-DOF lumped parameter model. It is demonstrated that the results from the numerical study are similar to those from ADAMS/Rail. In addition, the critical design parameters of high-speed EMU are examined, and the design guidelines for reducing vibration and enhancing ride quality are proposed.