• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.102-109
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• 2006

The PSC girders which currently used at highway bridge have the standard cross sections about 25m, 30m and 35m span. Thus, in case of highway bridge design, the bridge designer can choose the adequate standard cross section according to constructional condition. However, in railway bridge design, there are limitations on reasonable bridge design considering circumstances of a construction site and conditions of location etc, because the PSC girders used at railway bridge have the cross section about only 25m span length. In this study, the optimum design for the PSC girder railway bridge with 30m span length has been performed. Also, in order to investigate the dynamic stability of railway bridge using the optimum section of PSC girder, dynamic analysis has been carried out. From the results of analysis, it is suggested to denote the optimum section which satisfied the structural safety, dynamic stability and economical efficiency all together.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.21-41
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• 2016

Cold-formed steel structures are increasingly attractive due to their benefits of good mechanical performance and constructional advantages. However, this type of construction is still not fully exploited as a result of the acknowledged difficulties involved in forming construction-efficient and cost-effective connections. Furthermore, there is a lack of information on the structural behavior of the cold-formed steel connections. In this study, the research on various cold-formed steel connections was comprehensively reviewed from both fundamental and structural points of view, based on the available experimental and analytical data. It reveals that the current design codes and guidelines for cold-formed steel connections tend to focus more on the individual bearing capacity of the fasteners rather than the overall structural behavior of the connections. Significant future work remains to be conducted on the structural performance of cold-formed steel connection. In addition, extensive previous research has been carried out to propose and evaluate an economical and efficient connection system that is obtained from the conventional connecting techniques used in the hot-rolled industry. These connecting techniques may not be suitable, however, as they have been adopted from hot-rolled steel portal frames due to the thinness of the sheet in cold-formed steels. The review demonstrates that with the increasing demand for cold-formed steel constructions throughout the world, it is crucial to develop an efficient connection system that can be prefabricated and easily assembled on site.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.841-849
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• 2023

최근 건축물 해체공사 중 많은 사고가 발생함에 따라 건축물 해체에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 국내와 국외의 사례를 통해 건축물 해체공사 전문인력에게 요구되는 기본역량을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 국내의 건축물 해체공사감리교육과 국가직무능력표준(NCS)의 구조물해체 직무의 능력단위에서 요구하는 능력을 조사하였고, 일본, 미국, 영국의 해체 공사 전문인력 자격시험 과목 및 관련 교육내용을 조사하였다. 연구결과, 해체공사 전문인력을 위한 요구역량을 법규, 구조, 안전, 계획, 운영, 시공, 환경의 7가지 분야로 분류하고, 기능직, 기술직, 관리직의 단계별로 분류할 필요성을 제안하였다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2016

This paper presents a novel concept of Disaster Prevention Design (DPD) and its derived subjects and topics for the safety of folk villages in both Korea and Japan. Nowadays, design concepts are focused on 'human-oriented nature' as a whole and this tendency fits to be appropriate for disaster prevention against real dangers of a future society, which is expected to have far more complicated features. On the other hand, convergences have performed with other areas in the field of Information Communication Technology (ICT) so that we can easily find examples like 'the strategy of ICT-based convergence' of the Korean Government in 2014. Modern content designs including UI (user interface) and USN (ubiquitous sensor network) have been developed as one of the representative areas of ICT & UD (universal design) convergences. These days this novel concept of convergence is overcoming the existing limitations of the conventional design concept focused on product and/or service. First of all, from that point our deduced topic or subject would naturally be a monitoring system design of constructional structures in folk villages for safety. We offer an integrated model of maintenance and a management-monitoring scheme. Another important point of view in the research is a safety sign or sign system installed in folk villages or traditional towns and their standardization. We would draw up and submit a plan that aims to upgrade signs and sign systems applied to folk villages in Korea and Japan. According to our investigations, floods in Korea and earthquakes in Japan are the most harmful disasters of folk villages. Therefore, focusing on floods in the area of traditional towns in Korea would be natural. We present a water-level expectation model using deep learning simulation. We also apply this method to the area of 'Andong Hahoe' village which has been registered with the World Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. Folk village sites include 'Asan Oeam', 'Andong Hahoe' and 'Chonju Hanok' villages in Korea and 'Beppu Onsen' village in Japan. Traditional Streets and Markets and Safe Schools and Parks are also chosen as nearby test-beds for DPD based on ICT. Our final goal of the research is to propose and realize an integrated disaster prevention and/or safety system based on big data for both Korea and Japan.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2014

This study considers the proper repair techniques by examining the most representative repair cases of the Korean arch bridges and proposes the constructional manual which can apply similar occasions. The cases are Seonamsa Seungseongyo and Songgwangsa Geukrockgyo where this researcher had taken part in the repair works. This Study proposes the maintenance construction manual about the performance degradation drew by performance degradation of the both Korean arch bridges in the maintenance process. First, arch bridge maintenance should be carried out in the dry season, when water is impermeable in the bottom surface of the bridge. Moreover, risk factors of the maintenance should be excluded to secure the water vally flow, the bypass and the temporary bridge. Second, prior to repair, it has to precede (1)3D shooting (2)formal examination (3)structure safety test (4)geological and lithic surveys (5)arch curvature establishment and makeshift frame settlement before transformation (6)relationship expert comments. Third, if the baduk and the foundation stones are inevitable to replace due to performance degradation on the foundation, it should use the high quality stones and secure greater stress by extending the standard range. The foundation on irregular rock needs to be flattened and underside on the replaced materials require Grengyijil to deliver the equal loads. Fourth, In the process of dismantling the stones of the arched bridge, it could make heavy weathering degree and not reuse the materials. Charge should converge the expert advices to choose the reuseable, the conservate and the alternative materials, and increase the reutilization of the raw materials by preservation and reinforcement treatments. Fifth, the side wall should be repaired by the rubble work technique which is not able to pile compost satiety, so it must use long depth of masonary stones for reinforcement. It is considered to reinforce the stone wall in shore as much as possible and protect the abutment and the side wall on the upstream for the arch bridge maintenance works.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 영구 교좌장치가 설치되는 교량의 교각 상부에서 FCM에 의한 상부공 시공에 주로 적용하고 있는 "내부 프리스트레싱 긴장재에 의한 임시 고정시스템"에서 강봉에 도입한 긴장력의 변화와 주두부의 기울음 특성을 분석하여 안정성 확보 방안에 대한 기초자료를 제시하였다. 상기 시스템은 시공 중 불균형 모멘트에 의하여 발행하는 상향력에 저항하기 위하여 교각과 교각 상부의 PSC BOX 내부에 연직으로 강봉을 설치한 후 상부에서 인장 및 정착하기 때문에, 그 동안 강봉에 도입한 긴장력의 변화와 주두부의 기울음 정도를 확인하기 어려웠다. 따라서, 강봉의 길이 변화 및 주두부 변위에 대한 계측 및 분석은 미세 측정이 가능한 FBG 센서를 활용하여 각 세그먼트 진행의 전후에 수행하였다. 강봉의 계산 인장력과 잔존 인장력을 비교한 결과 안전율은 모든 교량에서 저하하였다. 그 원인은 주로 강봉의 정착 과정에서부터 1세그먼트 완료까지의 초기 긴장력 손실로 확인되어 이에 대한 대책을 제시하였다. 주두부의 미세 기울음 특성을 분석한 결과 안전율이 충분히 확보된 교량에서도 세그먼트의 진행에 따라 미세 기울음이 증가되는 양상을 보였으며, 세그먼트 진행 단계별로 콘크리트 타설 전,후의 차이도 뚜렸하게 확인되었다. 또한, 모든 교량에서 미세 기울음의 증가는 강봉의 긴장력 손실과 밀접한 관계를 보이며 기울음 측면과 반대 측면의 응력 감소가 더욱 크게 나타났다. 이러한 현상의 원인은 불균형모멘트에 의하여 기울음 측면과의 반대 측면의 강봉에 상향 인장력이 발생하여 강봉의 응력 차이를 유발시킨 때문으로 판단된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권6D호
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• pp.859-869
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• 2008

현재 전 세계적으로 이미 대부분 산업에서의 생산라인은 자동화되었으며 이는 생산성 및 경제성의 향상, 산업 재해에 대한 안전성 확보, 품질 향상 및 경쟁력 향상 등 많은 이익을 가져왔다. 그러나 건설 산업에서 자동화는 일반적인 산업생산라인과 달리 끊임없는 불확정적인 사건의 발생과 이에 따른 지능적 판단 및 처리 능력의 필요성으로 인한 해결해야 할 많은 어려움이 따르기 때문에 여전히 건설 기계장비 사용을 통한 노동력 투입에 의존하고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기위하여 유럽, 미국, 일본 등 선진국에서 건설 자동화를 위한 끊임없는 연구가 진행 중이며 도로 포장, 다짐 및 작업프로세스가 비교적 단순한 반복형 작업에 대하여 자동화가 많이 이루어 졌지만 건설 현장에서 가장 비중을 많이 차지하는 토공 작업에 대하여 아직 자동화 연구가 미흡하다. 토공 작업의 자동화를 위해서는 획득된 지형정보를 분석하여 효율적인 작업 계획의 수립이 수행되어야 하며, 이를 위해 숙련된 작업자의 휴리스틱스(heuristics)를 활용하면 보다 시행착오가 적고 안전하며 효율적인 작업계획을 수립할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지능형 굴삭 시스템의 효율적인 작업계획의 수립을 위한 시스템인 지능형 Task Planning System의 구성 체계 및 각 단계마다 적용된 휴리스틱스(heuristics)에 대하여 소개하여 본다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권5호
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• pp.643-652
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• 2019

Protection of cultural heritage and carrying it to the future are at the top of the significant topics of research and implementation in engineering in the 21st century. There are several historical structures in the district of Ahlat located in the east of Turkey on the Lake Van Basin that has harbored many civilizations. Some of such works are the gravestones that are found in the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery, which is the oldest and largest cemetery in the district. This study firstly provides information about the Ahlat Seljuk Cemetery and the gravestones found in it. Observation-based structural analyses were carried out on these gravestones that are found in this area that are known to have belonged to different civilizations based on their physical and constructional characteristics. These stones were built out of Ahlat stone as single pieces. Information is provided on the damages that have occurred on the gravestones in time and their causes. In general, losses of mass, abrasions, separations, collapses and calcifications due to natural conditions, as well as vegetative formations, were observed in the gravestones. To provide an example of other gravestones within the context of the study, the gravestone that is known to belong to the person named Nureddin Ebu Hasan was selected. As a result of the modeling that was carried out for this gravestone by using the finite elements method, modal analyses were carried out. With these analyses, for the gravestone, period, effective mass participation rates and stress values were calculated. The stress values that were obtained in this study were compared to the material safety stress values that were obtained in previous studies. Additionally, QR code application was created for the gravestone that was selected as an example in the study, and information on this gravestone was transferred to an electronic environment. The QR code application includes different language options, visuals of the gravestone and information on the gravestone. The QR application was also supported with a video of the cemetery where the gravestone is located. With this application, access to information about gravestones will be possible by using tablets and smartphones. With a QR code to be created for each gravestone, these gravestones will obtain identity cards.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제54권spc1호
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• pp.1037-1051
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• 2021

주요한 수질지표 중의 하나인 생물화학적 산소요구량(BOD) 농도는 호소와 하천에서 생태학적 측면에서 관측항목으로 취급하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대한민국의 도산 및 황지지점에서 BOD 농도예측을 위하여 새로운 이단계 하이브리드 패러다임(웨이블릿 기반 게이트 순환 유닛, 웨이블릿 기반 일반화된 회귀신경망, 그리고 웨이블릿 기반 랜덤 포레스트) 을 활용하였다. 이러한 모형들은 각 대응하는 독립모형들(게이트 순환 유닛, 일반화된 회귀신경망, 그리고 랜덤 포레스트) 과 함께 평가되었다. 다양한 수질 및 수량지표들이 여러 개의 입력조합(분류1-5) 을 기본으로 하여 독립 및 이단계 하이브리드 모형을 개발하기 위하여 구현되었다. 언급한 모형들은 root mean squared error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), 그리고 correlation coefficient (CC) 를 포함한 세 개의 통계지표로서 평가되었으며, 통계결과치를 분석하면 이단계 하이브리드 모형들이 항상 대응하는 독립모형들의 예측 정도를 개선하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 대한민국의 도산관측소에서는 DWT-RF5 (RMSE = 0.108 mg/L) 모형이 다른 최적모형과 비교하여 BOD 농도의 더 정확한 예측을 나타내었으며, 황지관측소에서는 DWT-GRNN4 (RMSE = 0.132 mg/L) 모형이 BOD 농도를 예측하는 최고의 모형이다.