• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.389-394
• /
• 2015

There is a progressive development in the medical imaging technology, especially of descriptive capability for anatomical structure of human body thanks to advancement of information technology and medical devices. But however maintenance of correct posture is essential for the medical imaging checkup on the shoulder joint requiring rotation of the upper limb due to the complexity of human body. In the cases of MRI examination, long duration and fixed posture are critical, as failure to comply with them leads to minimal possibility of reproducibility only with the efforts of the examiner and will of the patient. Thus, this study aimed to develop an auxiliary device that enables rotation of the upper limb as well as fixing it at quantitative angles for medical imaging examination capable of providing diagnostic values. An auxiliary device has been developed based on the results of precedent studies, by designing a 3D model with the CATIA software, an engineering application, and producing it with the 3D printer. The printer is Objet350 Connex from Stratasys, and acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene(ABS) is used as the material of the device. Dimensions are $120{\times}150{\times}190mm$, with the inner diameter of the handle being 125.9 mm. The auxiliary device has 4 components including the body (outside), handle (inside), fixture terminal and the connection part. The body and handle have the gap of 2.1 mm for smooth rotation, while the 360 degree of scales have been etched on the handle so that the angle required for observation may be recorded per patient for traceability and dual examination.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.420-425
• /
• 2004

Fistula between coronary artery and pulmonary artery is a type of coronary artery anomalies. It can cause atypical chest pain and fatigue, angina pectoris, endocarditis, finally myocardial steal can result in heart failure and myocardial infarction. But only 0.1-0.2% of coronary angiographic studies reveal the communications between coronary artery and other spaces. (heart chamber, pulmonary artery etc.) It is frequently congenital, but acquired types are increasing because chest and heart manipulations such as opertion of tetralogy of Fallot, endomyocardial biopsy, radiation therapy, or penetrating blunt trauma are increasing. There are reports about repair of fistula using thrombogenic tips, coil embolization and surgical intervention. We report a connection between coronary artery and pulmonary artery in 79 years old female. She was 30 pack-years smoker and suffered from dyspnea several years with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. She presented with atypical chest pain and palpitation after admission. Electrocardiography showed ST-T wave abnormality. Emergency coronary angiography and chest CT scan revealed coronary-pulmonary artery fistula. Transcatheter embolization was performed and she was relieved from discomforts.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.86-98
• /
• 1996

This study is intended to revaluate old tree, five of the shot of the Natural Monument and 66 shot trees under protection in the city at present. The study covers distribution, management of usage, investigation and research into various matters relating to the situation of old trees in Pusan. Because 60% of the old trees selected for protection is on private land, citizens have difficulty gaining access to them. Also space for growth is impinged on by various urban facilities. Some trees have problems of growth because the land is covered with cement and asphalt. As regards space for old trees, many places have been destroyed due to the lack of protection fences and the failure to establish a guidance board. Only 40% of the space has been set aside for rest. In these places the establishment of rest areas, benches and handy chairs is needed. And there are 20 holy places where people observe religious ceremonies. As for space security necessary for old trees according to trunk width, the minimum trunk width and availale area needed are more than 1:1.5, but less than 30% have the necessary space. The growth of many old trees is threatended because of the small apace for growth. The prescription of the boundary space is divided between inside and outside. This indicates the domain nature and space rank of the old tree. It can be classified into five forms for research purposes. The elements for prescription of critical space outside are connected with the security of space, and the elements relating to inside space portray the conditions for sensitive growth according to the institution and the ground conditions. The open and closed nature of old tree space has some connection with the relationship between usage and the intimacy of the user. Most of the spaces for old trees can't be used or are difficult to gain access to, so it is necessary to secure enough space for them. The 18 places, despite having easy access, are near farmland, hills or forest. So the intimacy factor is low, and the security of space of the old trees is not generally sufficient. Henceforth, it will be necessary to have security of area for old trees as well as maintenance control to protect them. Also the space should be used as a communal and recreation are in the city. It is the time to construct a landscaped area which people can easily approach, a place with a secure entrance where they can play, rest and converse.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.51 no.11
• /
• pp.205-210
• /
• 2014

This is concerned with the technology to display the design on Porcelain and adjust malfunction for moving effect and light intensity by curator. More precisely, the technology makes it possible that the porcelain is connected to Light module which is the device for controlling light emission and rotating rolling plate, etc that are connected to LED light module, optical fiber and controller that is for scenario from the given storytelling. In addition, with a WiFi portable device (Smart-phone, other mobile device). equipped with a scenario programs, information for operation, failure and malfunction can be obtained and analyzed in real-time, and menu color and alarm is alerted when the displaying design is in abnormal status, which makes the early reactions to the status. Furthermore, the collected data can be sent through WiFi network to the device and PC managed by the curator specialized in managing the design on the Porcelain, thus the technology could help the curator who have less knowledge about moving pattern on the Porcelain. There is always a possibility of malfunction due to various condition that are caused by wring-harness when modules are wired-connected. In this research, in order to overcome this problem, we propose a system configuration that can do monitoring and diagnosis with a device for collecting data from LED control module, Light emission sensor and a personal WiFi device. Also, we performed connection between optical Fiber and LED and interlock for the system defined by the definition for information and storytelling scenario.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.413-428
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Given the predictability of dental implant procedure from the studies of successful osseointegration, implant dentistry is often the treatment of choice to replace missing teeth in edentulous patient instead of the fixed prosthesis or removable denture. The $Renova^{(R)}$ dental implant has a RBM(Resorbable Blast Media) surface, internal hex prosthetic connection and a tapered design. At this study gives the analysis of the implant and the short term survival rate of the implant. Material and Methods: In this study, a multilateral analysis was performed on the subjects undergoing placement with $Renova^{(R)}$ implant between August 2006 and February 2008 in Yonsei University dental hospital. 96 implants were placed in 56 patients and they were surveyed for cumulative survival rate. Among them 78 implants in 44 patients were surveyed for the rest analyses. Result: 1. The cumulative survival rate was 96.88% of 96 implants in 56 patients. 2. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.803mm and the marginal bone loss in augmentation group has higher value than the marginal bone loss in non augmentation group. 3. The health scale for the implants were 87% in success group, 9% in satisfactory survival group, 1% in compromised survival group, and 3% in failure group. 4. Two implants placed in poor bone posterior area by 2-stage failed during prosthetic procedure. Conclusion: $Renova^{(R)}$ dental implant showed high cumulative survival rate in installation on partial edentulous ridge and could be a predictable implant system.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 2011

In this study, titanium abutments and zirconia abutments were connected to each implant in external type implants. After that they were loaded 10000 times with 20Kg as occlusal force. The surface changes of external hexgon part and platform were observed in FESEM image. Viker's hardness of an implant, a titanium abutment and a zirconia abutment were measured respectively. 1. Viker's hardness of an implants, a titanium abutment and a zirconia abutment was $309.80{\pm}11.78$ HV, $318.40{\pm}11.82$ HV, and $1495.30{\pm}16.21$ HV respectively. There was no statistical significance between an implant and a titanium abutment (P>0.05, Anova). However, there was statistical significance between an implant and a zirconia abutment(P<0.05, Anova). 2. The wear was observed at the joint of implant and abutment in both a titanium abutment group and a zirconia abutment group after loading 10,000 times. The zirconia abutment showed more remarkable wear than the titanium one. In conclusion, the wear of external hexagon and platform was much more notable in a zirconia abutment group than a titanium one. It was suggested that it could result from the difference of surface hardness between titanium and zirconia. The wear of junction between an implant and a zirconia abutment becomes more severe, the connection of an implant and an abutment is much more unfit. This is likely to cause loosening and fracture of the abutment screw. so it is considered that the possibility of implant supra-structure failure can be increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.736-738
• /
• 2001

웹을 사용하는 사용자들의 급속도로 증가하는 서비스 요청을 신속하고 저렴한 비용으로 처리하기 위한 대응책으로, LAN 환경의 웹 서버 클러스터 구조가 각광을 받고 있다. 높은 가용성 및 확장성을 보장하는 웹 서비스를 제공하기 위해 많은 부하의 서비스 요구를 여러 서버에게 효과적으로 나누어 처리할 수 있어야 하며, 따라서 서비스 요청 패킷을 고르게 분배할 수 있는 합리적인 스케줄링 기법을 필요로 한다. ONE-IP 스케줄링 기법은 이더넷의 브로드케스트 메시지에 의해 스케줄링이 분산되도록 하는 전략을 사용함으로써, 클러스터에 유입되는 패킷의 집중화로 인해 발생할 수 있는 병목 현상(bottleneck)과 치명적인 오류(Single-point of Failure) 문제를 효과적으로 해결하였다. 그러나, 서비스를 요청하는 패킷의 발신지 주소만을 이용하는 단순한 패킷 스케줄링을 사용하기 때문에 클러스터를 구성하는 서버들 간의 부하 불균형을 가중시키며, 결과적으로 클러스터의 효율성을 저하시키는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 RR ONE-IP 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 기법은 서버에 할당되는 부하간에 불균형이 발생하는 문제점을 해결하기 위해 TCP 연결 단위의 스케줄링 전략을 사용하였으며, 서버의 부하 정보를 이용하지 않는 RR 스케줄링 기법을 도입함으로써, ONE-IP 기법의 장점을 그대로 유지하면서 보다 나은 부하의 균등한 분배로 시스템의 처리 능력을 향상시키도록 하였다. 또한, 실험을 수행한 결과 제안한 기법이 기존의 기법에 비해 평균 3.84%의 시스템의 성능 향상을 보였으며, 과부하 발생율에서는 평균 23.5%의 감소를 가져왔음을 보였다.우 단어 인식률이 43.21%인 반면 표제어간 음운변화 현상을 반영한 1-Best 사전의 경우 48.99%, Multi 사전의 경우 50.19%로 인식률이 5~6%정도 향상되었음을 볼 수 있었고, 수작업에 의한 표준발음사전의 단어 인식률 45.90% 보다도 약 3~4% 좋은 성능을 보였다.으로서 hemicellulose구조가 polyuronic acid의 형태인 것으로 사료된다. 추출획분의 구성단당은 여러 곡물연구의 보고와 유사하게 glucose, arabinose, xylose 함량이 대체로 높게 나타났다. 점미가 수가용성분에서 goucose대비 용출함량이 고르게 나타나는 경향을 보였고 흑미는 알칼리가용분에서 glucose가 상당량(0.68%) 포함되고 있음을 보여주었고 arabinose(0.68%), xylose(0.05%)도 다른 종류에 비해서 다량 함유한 것으로 나타났다. 흑미는 총식이섬유 함량이 높고 pectic substances, hemicellulose, uronic acid 함량이 높아서 콜레스테롤 저하 등의 효과가 기대되며 고섬유식품으로서 조리 특성 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.리하였다. 얻어진 소견(所見)은 다음과 같았다. 1. 모년령(母年齡), 임신회수(姙娠回數), 임신기간(姙娠其間), 출산시체중등(出産時體重等)의 제요인(諸要因)은 주산기사망(周産基死亡)에 대(對)하여 통계적(統計的)으로 유의(有意)한 영향을 미치고 있어 $25{\sim}29$세(歲)의 연령군에서, 2번째 임신과 2번째의 출산에서 그리고 만삭의 임신 기간에, 출산시체중(出産時體重) $3.50{\sim}3.99kg$사이의 아이에서 그 주산기사망률(周産基死亡率)

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2010

Asphalt Plug Joint(APJ) is an buried expansion joint that enabling the smooth connection of expansion gap and road pavement by filling the gap with bituminous mixture of 20% bitumen and 80% aggregate by weight, so it secures evenness and expansion or contraction using the material's properties. Although APJ is designed to have a 6-7 year lifecycle, there are some cases where it is damaged within the first six months. This early damage cause traffic congestion due to frequent repair works, and social cost exceeding the installation cost of the joint. So, in this research, we have developed a new system of Buried Folding Lattice Joint(BFLJ) which can overcome the disadvantages of APJ, and have analyzed and compared it's performance with the conventional APJ through experiment with specimens. As a result of the experiment, APJ had crack formation on both ends of the gap plate, spreading to the surface of the expansion joint. With this result, we can conclude that the reason for early damage is the tension failure due to the concentration of strain in the asphalt mixture along the end of gap plate and the debonding along the joint section. In contrast, the newly developed BFLJ induced even transformation in the joint by applying moving stud and high performance material, and resolved APJ's disadvantage of strain concentration. Therefore, it could be seen that the newly developed BFLJ could overcome the disadvantages of APJ and prevent early damage.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.132-151
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status of and suggest future improvement practices for cultural heritage education in primary school. We analyzed a primary school textbook for each of five subjects (Korean, social studies, music, art, physical education), surveyed ten teachers with cultural heritage education experience, and analyzed the results. Based on the results, we made the following five suggestions: First, the goal of cultural heritage education should be expanded to foster citizenship. Second, in cultural heritage education, it is necessary to discuss what should be included in the educational content and to organize the content systematically in connection with the student environment, local community environment, and subject content. Third, cultural heritage education should be linked with sustainable development so that cultural heritage can be passed on from the present generation to future generations. Cultural heritage has characteristics, such as universal values of humanity, that transcend national boundaries, regional identities, dialogue and understanding between civilizations, and sources of creativity, and thus serves as the foundation for sustainable development. Fourth, for the effective implementation of cultural heritage education in schools, it is necessary to develop step-by-step teacher training programs. The success or failure of cultural heritage education in schools depends on teacher training. Fifth, the degree to which cultural heritage education is integrated into the curriculum should be strengthened, allowing learners to be educated so that they can cultivate knowledge and critical thinking about cultural heritage, enjoy and protect it, and connect with a sustainable society.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.796-805
• /
• 2020

Purpose: A static loading test was performed to evaluate the ultimate flexural strength of a girder in which 80MPa high-strength concrete was synthesized on the compressive flange of the I-shape steel girder. Method: This test is designed and fabricated two types of specimens with different shear-connection specifications, and evaluated their ultimate flexural behavior until reaching the extreme event limit states. In addition, the ultimate strength was evaluated by comparing the test results and the results of the strain compatibility method. Result: By confirming the displacement within 0.02mm as a result of the relative slip measurement, it was verified that the two specimens secured perfect bonding. Therefore, the difference in the shear specification does not have a great effect on the stiffness, and if the specimens are completely synthesized, there is no difference in the behavior until it reaches the extreme-event limit states. Conclusion: The girder to be tested has a working load within the elastic range and meets the usability requirements for allowable deflection. Therefore, even if a part of the casing is subjected to the tensile force at the level of cracking, the deck will first reach the compression failure due to the role of the reinforcing bar.