• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.495-511
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• 2016

Purpose: The present study was performed to describe the prevalence of various types of smoking statuses and to identify factors associated with different types among Korean wageworkers. Methods: The prevalence of hardcore smoking, daily smoking, and intermittent smoking was assessed in 2,126 wage workers from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The associations of these three types of smoking statuses with sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, and occupation-related characteristics were also examined in a multinomial logistic regression. Results: In men, the prevalence of hardcore smoking and daily smoking were 11.4% and 30.2%, respectively; and in women, the daily smoking prevalence was 5.6%. The education level was strongly associated with men's hardcore smoking and women's daily smoking. The household income and marital status were associated with women's daily smoking. Among occupation-related characteristics, the regularity of work and night work were associated with men's intermittent smoking. Night work was also associated with women's daily smoking. Employment condition was associated with women's intermittent smoking. Conclusion: The socioeconomic status and health conditions, compared with occupation-related factors, were found to have more influence on smoking. Therefore, antismoking programs that focus on individual characteristics should be developed for Korean wageworkers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2024

Background: As the tremendous impact of extreme workloads, arduous working conditions, and disorganization disrupt humane job definitions in some industries, the need for workplace re-articulation was interfered to ameliorate psycho-social factors and suggest organizational intervention strategies. Especially for colossally wounded health-care (HC) systems, today it is now even more unrealizable to retain workforce resilience considering the immense impact of overwhelming working conditions. Methods: This study introduces employment of concurrent engineering tools to re-design humane workplaces annihilating abatement over devoured resources. The study handles HC-workforce resilience in a pioneering motive to introduce transformation of well-known motivators and proposes solutions for retention and resilience issues grounding on HC workers' own voice. Results: The proposed adjustable approach introduces integral use of focus group studies, SWARA, and QFD methods, and was practiced on a real-world case regarding Turkish HC workforce. The paper also presents widespread effects of findings by tendering generalized psycho-social rehabilitation strategies. Results confirmed the modifications of the most potent incessant motivators. Conclusion: "Burn out issues" and "Challenging work" were found as the most important motivator and satisfier, respectively, to be exigently fulfilled. Corrective interventions, required resolutions, and workplace articulation connotations were arbitrated in terms of entire outcomes on four dimensions in three different planning periods considering the current status, repercussions of pandemic, and contingency of similar catastrophes. Descriptive illustrations were additionally presented to support deducted interpretations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.92-102
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• 2017

The analysis of steam generators as an interface between primary and secondary circuits in light water nuclear power plants is crucial in terms of safety and design issues. VVER-1000 nuclear power plants use horizontal steam generators which demand a detailed thermal hydraulics investigation in order to predict their behavior during normal and transient operational conditions. Two phase flow field simulation on adjacent tube bundles is important in obtaining logical numerical results. However, the complexity of the tube bundles, due to geometry and arrangement, makes it complicated. Employment of porous media is suggested to simplify numerical modeling. This study presents the use of porous media to simulate the tube bundles within a general-purpose computational fluid dynamics code. Solved governing equations are generalized phase continuity, momentum, and energy equations. Boundary conditions, as one of the main challenges in this numerical analysis, are optimized. The model has been verified and tuned by simple two-dimensional geometry. It is shown that the obtained vapor volume fraction near the cold and hot collectors predict the experimental results more accurately than in previous studies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.169-192
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the actual conditions of depression and to explore factors influencing depression of female adults with disabilities by administering Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) to 143 subjects. The subjects were divided into two groups: depression group of scores above 21 of BDI and non-depression group of scores below 20 of BDI. Among the subjects, 36% were found to be on the level of clinically depressed state. Variables such as age, educational level, economic status, monthly income, employment, severity of disability, complexity of disability, health conditions, volunteer activities, family contacts, use of social welfare services marked statistically significant difference between two groups. And Variables such as dysfunctional attitudes, self-esteem, volunteer activities, health conditions were found to be as influencing factors on depression of female adults with disabilities. Some social work practice implications were discussed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.1 s.65
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• pp.7-18
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• 2007

This research intended to show a reasonable way to improve working conditions of fire officers in Korea. It shows that fire officers have dignity of their social roles even though they have the unfairness in a work time, rewards, promotions and opportunities of overseas training compared with those of other government officers. The unfairness needs to be solved. In addition, there are more demands in fire fighters, but part of a regional government system already composed of 64.06% of fire officers, which means, there are too many fire fighters in one regional government. Therefore, it is difficult to employ more fire fighters. This is one of barriers to prevent from improvement of the working conditions. To improve the working conditions and to overcome the barriers, there are important solutions to counter the problems. Those are application of alternative policies and systems. Compared with the employment system and workload of fire officers in USA, Japan and other advanced countries, it is necessary to introduce alternative policies which include operation of partial three-shift system, expansion of oversees training, expansion of rotational-off system and improvement of employees' welfare policies.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1229-1246
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• 2011

The objectives of this study were to analyze change in life satisfaction of Korean elderly, to find determinants of it in an aging society, and to suggest ways of improving their life satisfaction. Data used in this study were from 1994, 2004, 2008 national survey results on the elderly life conditions and welfare need conducted by the Korea Institute for Health Social Affairs and Keimyung University, which were collected from 1,371, 3,278, 3,009 elderly people aged 65 and over who answered regarding their life satisfaction each year. Data were analyzed by multiple regression method. The results of analysis showed that the general life satisfaction of Koreans elderly is higher than average and is decreasing year after year. Determinants of life satisfaction for Korean elderly can be divided in two factors: common factors(i.e. subjective economic and health conditions) and flexible factors(i.e. marital status, employment status, perceptions of aging). Implications for designing services and service systems for elderly families were discussed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.257-270
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• 2024

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in the business environment, business conditions, and detailed indicators related to management of Korea's port industry companies as global supply chains have been reorganized since the shock of COVID-19 in 2020 and uncertainties in the global economy have expanded. Design/methodology/approach - This study use the business survey index of the port industry to analyze. It is a weighted BSI with the weight of workers applied. Findings - Since 2020 the BSI in the port industry including business conditions, sales unit price, profitability, and financial conditions fluctuated, but it has been generally above normal level(100). During the analysis period, the BSI for export sales was found to be better than that of domestic sales. Employment BSI was generally stable, and in the case of facility BSI, the port industry was shown to be very active in facility investment. Research implications or Originality - First, it is necessary to make manpower training systems to cultivate experts in the port industry to cope with uncertainties caused by the rapidly changing global economy and the global supply chain environment. Second, it is necessary to support for investment in technology and facilities for automation and smartization. Finally, it is necessary to establish a continuous monitoring system for the business conditions.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.303-311
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• 2009

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the health consequences that women experienced after miscarriage and the factors related to them. Methods: A convenience sample consisting of 102 women who had miscarried within 2 years was used. Women were recruited from hospitals and enterprises in Seoul and Gyeong-Gi Province. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire containing a physical and psychological symptoms checklist developed for this study. Results: More than 40% of the miscarriages occurred after 9 weeks of pregnancy and 35% of women were found to have had a previous miscarriage prior to this study. Psychological symptoms were more prevalent and prolonged than the physical symptoms, furthermore, the frequencies of the symptoms experienced were not consistent with the duration of symptoms. Employed women and women with early miscarriages complained of more physical symptoms; however, psychological symptoms were not different according to women's characteristics. Employment was a significant factor affecting physical symptoms. Conclusion: Health care professionals need to inform and educate women and the family of the potential health changes during the recovery after the miscarriage. Health consequences due to miscarriages also need to be incorporated in women's reproductive health care. Nursing care should consider factors of maternal age, employment status, and obstetrical conditions upon the apparent social changes.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.843-855
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• 1995

Occupational Dentistry was introduced in Korea about 70 years ago. During the colonial period occupied by Japan till 1945, there were few documents about industrial dentistry, furthermore most cases of occupational diseases and accidents might have been concealed intentionally by the colonial government. After being an independent country, several dentists made efforts to set up 'Preventive Dentistry for Workers' performing specific oral health surveys, even though which were stopped by Korean War. In 1960s' and 1970s', some investigations of oral status were carried out intermittently for specific small groups;white-collar workers, mentally retarded person, buddhist monks and crews of ocean liners. At the same time there was important study in Korean history of occupational dentistry, which was 'a comparison of the oral hygiene conditions in the female workers of a spinning factory at intervals of 30 years.' In 1980s', young researchers began to give attention to erosion of the teeth due to sulphuric acid in the acid-related industry and dental caries due to sugar and flour in the sweets industry. After being democratic labor union movement activated in 1987, hidden and suppressed occupational diseases under the military dictatorship were exposed and flushed in the newspapers. It was shocking for all people that 15-year old boy had been dead due to mercury intoxication after 3-month employment in 1988. In 1990s', the activity for studying oral status of workers in their workplaces was launched and 'Occupational Accidents and Diseases in Oral and Maxillofacial Field' was published. And also The Korean Association of Occupationl Dentistry was established. Oral health examination of workers at the time of employment and of workers exposed to 5 special chemicals at the time of routine special health examination was adopted in 1992, and epocally oral health examination was also included in periodic routine examination of workers' health in 1995. So, occupational dentistry in Korea should cope with the changing needs of working environment and the altering scheme of health examination.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 2022

COVID-19 struck labor markets around the world, exposing and exacerbating the gender inequalities within the human capital structure. The last, in its turn, jeopardizes the return of the national economies to the growth trajectory undermined by pandemic impact. The authors assume that COVID-19 disproportionately affected the employment rates of women and men, which led to increased gender inequality in the labor market, which, in turn, affected GDP growth rates in the EU. To prove this hypothesis two research questions are discovered: 1) whether there was a different correlation between the number of COVID-19 cases in the EU and indicators of the labor market for women and men; and 2) whether there was a link between the growth of gender inequality in the EU labor market and the GDP dynamics in these countries. The analysis of the correlation between the number of cases of COVID-19 and indicators of the labor market in the EU revealed faster growth of women's unemployment rates compared to men's ones as the COVID-19 incidence unfolded. Multiple linear regression and factor analysis have been used to investigate the influence of gender inequality in the labor market on GDP dynamics. Despite the methodological limitations, the proposed model is both a sound argument and an analytical basis in favor of gender-responsive economic recovery backed by the systematic and consistent gender equality policy of a government.