• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.517-533
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• 2014

Experimental results of 39 specimens including concrete columns, RC columns, hollow steel tube columns, concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) columns, and reinforced concrete filled steel tubular (RCFT) columns are presented. Based on the experimental results, the load-carrying capacity, confined effect, ductility, and failure mode of test columns are investigated. The effects of the main factors such as width-thickness ratio (the ratio of external diameter and wall thickness for steel tubes), concrete strength, steel tube with or without rib, and arrangement of reinforcing bars on the mechanical characteristics of columns are discussed as well. The differences between CFT and RCFT are compared. As a result, it is thought that strength, rigidity and ductility of RCFT are improved; especially strength and ductility are improved after the peak of load-displacement curve.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

콘크리트의 구속효과 및 재료 비선형성, 강재의 변형 경화, 초기작용 축력을 고려하여 원형 콘크리트 충전 강관(Concrete Filled Steel Tube : CFT) 기둥의 해석을 위한 프로그램을 작성하고 검증 및 해석을 수행하였다. 축력-모멘트 상관관계 해석, 모멘트-곡률 해석, 모멘트-횡변위에 대한 해석을 수행하고, 선행연구자의 실험결과와 비교하여 검증하였다. 검증결과, 작성된 프로그램은 실제 CFT 기둥의 거동에 근접하였으며, 콘크리트의 구속효과를 고려한 경우 그렇지 않은 경우보다 더 큰 강도와 연성능력을 나타내었다. 콘크리트의 강도와 강관의 두께 변화에 따른 간단한 매개변수 해석을 수행하였으며, 콘크리트의 강도 증가 시 CFT 기둥의 강도는 증가하나 연성은 저하되는 결과를 보여주었다. 반면에 강관 두께를 증가시키는 경우에는, CFT 기둥의 강도와 연성 모두 증가하는 결과를 보여주었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2017

The square tubed-reinforced concrete (TRC) column is a kind of special concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, in which the outer thin-walled steel tube does not pass through the beam-column joint, so that the longitudinal steel reinforcing bars in the RC beam are continuous through the connection zone. However, there is a possible decrease of the axial bearing capacity at the TRC column to RC beam connection due to the discontinuity of the column tube, which is a concern to engineers. 24 connections and 7 square TRC columns were tested under axial compression. The primary parameters considered in the tests are: (1) connection location (corner, exterior and interior); (2) dimensions of RC beam cross section; (3) RC beam type (with or without horizontal haunches); (4) tube type (with or without stiffening ribs). The test results show that all specimens have relatively high load-carrying capacity and satisfactory ductility. With a proper design, the connections exhibit higher axial resistance and better ductility performance than the TRC column. The feasibility of this type of connections is verified.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.737-745
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• 2011

콘크리트충전강관(Concrete Filled Tube 이하 CFT)구조는 강관 속에 콘크리트를 충전시킨 구조물로서 강관은 콘크리트를 구속시켜 압축내력을 증가시키며 콘크리트는 강관의 국부좌굴을 감소시키는 역할을 한다. CFT구조의 기둥-보 접합부는 강관의 국부좌굴을 방지하기위해 다이아프램이 필요하다. 외측다이아프램 형식은 관통다이아프램 형식보다 콘크리트의 충전성이 좋으나 시공성과 건축설비와 공조하는 측면에서 불편함이 있다. 이 연구는 원형CFT구조의 접합부의 상, 하부에 각각 다른 형식의 다이아프램을 적용시켜 콘크리트 충전성을 개선시킨 구조의 구조성능을 실험과 유한요소해석 프로그램을 통하여 알아보았다. CFT구조 접합부의 상부 다이아프램은 외측다이아프램 형식으로 하고 하부 다이아프램은 관통다이아프램 형식으로 하였다. 이것은 건축물에서 바닥슬래브가 있으므로 상부 다이아프램은 바닥슬래브와 일체가 되고 하부 다이아프램으로 관통다이아프램을 적용하여 건축설비와의 마찰을 피하고자 한 것이다. 결과적으로 충전성을 개선시킨 CFT구조의 구조성능은 상, 하부 모두 관통다이아프램을 적용한 구조와 비교하면 동일 하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.703-714
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 수치해석에 의해 일정 축력을 받는 콘크리트충전 각형강관(각형 CFT) 기둥의 내화성능을 평가하였다. 본 연구에 앞서 각형 CFT 기둥의 실대 내화성능평가 실험을 수행하였으며, 이로써 무내화피복 상태에서 CFT 기둥 자체만의 내화성능을 평가하였다. 강관은 SPSR 400 강재를 사용하였으며 강관 내에는 27.5MPa와 37.8MPa 강도의 콘크리트를 사용하였다. 콘크리트 강도, 작용 하중비와 기둥단면 직경을 변수로 설정하였다. 수치해석에 의해 예측된 내화성능의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 실험결과값과 비교 평가해 본 결과, 해석값과 실험값이 서로 잘 일치하거나 해석값이 약간 저평가하고 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 수치해석에 의한 CFT기둥 내화성능 예측은 타당하다고 판단된다. 내화성능 영향인자의 분석 결과, 축력비($N/N_c$)가 동일한 경우 콘크리트 강도가 적을수록 내화성능이 우수하며 단면직경이 클수록 내화성능은 향상되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권6호
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• pp.745-751
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• 2021

Concrete filled double skin tubular members (CFDST) consist of double concentric circular or square steel tubes with concrete filled between the two steel tubes. The CFDST members, having a hollow section inside the internal tube, are generally lighter than ordinary concrete filled steel tubular members (CFT) which have a solid cross-section. Therefore, when the CFDST members are applied to bridge piers, reduction of seismic action can be expected. The present study aims to investigate, experimentally, the behavior of CFDST stub columns with double concentric square steel tubes filled with concrete (SS-CFDST) when working under centric compression. Two test parameters, namely, inner-to-outer width ratio and outer square steel tube's width-to-thickness were selected and outer steel tube's width-to-thickness ratio ranging from 70 to 160 were considered. In the results, shear failure of the concrete fill and local buckling of the double skin tubes having largest inner-to-outer width ratio were observed. A method to predict axial loading capacity of SS-CFDST is also proposed. In addition, the load capacity in the axial direction of stub column test on SS-CFDST is compared with that of double circular CFDST. Finally, the biaxial stress behavior of both steel tubes under plane stress is discussed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.547-563
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• 2020

In this paper, the influence of axial compression ratio on the mechanical properties of new type joints of side span of rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular column-H-type steel beam is studied. Two new types of side-span joints of rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular column-H-type steel beam are designed and quasi-static tests of five new type joints with 1:2 scale reduction ratios are performed. The axial compression ratio of joint JD1 is 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, and the axial compression ratio of joint JD2 is 0.3 and 0.5. In the joint test, different axial forces were applied to the top of the column according to different axial compression ratios, and low-cyclic reciprocating load was applied on the beam. The stress and strain distribution, beam and column deformation, limit state, failure process, failure mechanism, stiffness degradation, ductile deformation and energy dissipation capacity of the joint were measured and analyzed. The results show that: with the increase of axial compression ratio, the ultimate bearing capacity of the joint decreases slightly, the plastic deformation decreases, and the stiffness and ductility decrease. According to the energy dissipation curve of the specimen, the equivalent damping coefficient also increases with the increase of axial compression ratio in a certain range, indicating that the increase of axial compression ratio can improve the seismic performance of the joint to a certain extent. The finite element method is used to simulate the joint test, and the test results are in good agreement with the simulation results.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.173-185
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• 2019

This article presents a comparative study of the effect of steel layouts on the seismic behavior of transition steel-concrete composite connections, both experimental and analytical investigations of concrete filled steel tube-reinforced concrete (CFST-RC) and steel reinforecd concrete-reinforced concrete (SRC-RC) structures were conducted. The steel-concrete composite connections were subjected to combined constant axial load and lateral cyclic displacements. Tests were carried out on four full-scale connections extracted from a real project engineering with different levels of axial force. The effect of steel layouts on the mechanical behavior of the transition connections was evaluated by failure modes, hysteretic behavior, backbone curves, displacement ductility, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness degradation. Test results showed that different steel layouts led to significantly different failure modes. For CFST-RC transition specimens, the circular cracks of the concrete at the RC column base was followed by steel yielding at the bottom of the CFST column. While uncoordinated deformation could be observed between SRC and RC columns in SRC-RC transition specimens, the crushing and peeling damage of unconfined concrete at the SRC column base was more serious. The existences of I-shape steel and steel tube avoided the pinching phenomenon on the hysteresis curve, which was different from the hysteresis curve of the general reinforced concrete column. The hysteresis loops were spindle-shaped, indicating excellent seismic performance for these transition composite connections. The average values of equivalent viscous damping coefficients of the four specimens are 0.123, 0.186 and 0.304 corresponding to the yielding point, peak point and ultimate point, respectively. Those values demonstrate that the transition steel-concrete composite connections have great energy dissipating capacity. Based on the experimental research, a high-fidelity ABAQUS model was established to further study the influence of concrete strength, steel grade and longitudinal reinforcement ratio on the mechanical behavior of transition composite connections.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2003

In a nonlinear finite element study on the mechanical behavior of simple beam connections to continuous concrete-filled steel tube columns, two principally different connection types were analyzed: one with plates attached to the outside of the tube wall, relying on shear transfer, and one with an extended plate inserted through the steel section to ensure bearing on the concrete core. The load was applied partly at the connection within the column length and partly at the top, representing the load from upper stories of a multistory building. The primary focus was on the increased demand for load transfer to ensure composite action when concrete with higher compressive strength is used. The results obtained from the analyses showed that the design bond strength derived from push tests is very conservative, mainly due to the high frictional shear resistance offered by pinching and contraction effects caused by connection rotation. However, with higher concrete strength the demand for load transfer increases, and is hard to fulfill for higher loads when connections are attached only to the steel section. Instead, the connection should penetrate into the concrete core to distribute load to the concrete by direct bearing.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제69권6호
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• pp.627-635
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• 2019

In order to study the axial compression performance of sand-lightweight concrete-filled steel tube (SLCFST) stub columns, three circular SLCFST (C-SLCFST) stub column specimens and three SLCFST square (S-SLCFST) stub column specimens were fabricated and static monotonic axial compression performance testing was carried out, using the volume ratio between river sand and ceramic sand in sand-lightweight concrete (SLC) as a varying parameter. The stress process and failure mode of the specimens were observed, stress-strain curves were obtained and analysed for the specimens, and the ultimate bearing capacity of SLCFST stub column specimens was calculated based on unified strength theory, limit equilibrium theory and superposition theory. The results show that the outer steel tubes of SLCFST stub columns buckled outward, core SLC was crushed, and the damage to the upper parts of the S-SLCFST stub columns was more serious than for C-SLCFST stub columns. Three stages can be identified in the stress-strain curves of SLCFST stub columns: an elastic stage, an elastic-plastic stage and a plastic stage. It is suggested that AIJ-1997, CECS 159:2004 or AIJ-1997, based on superposition theory, can be used to design the ultimate bearing capacity under axial compression for C-SLCFST and S-SLCFST stub columns; for varying replacement ratios of natural river sand, the calculated stress-strain curves for SLCFST stub columns under axial compression show good fitting to the test measure curves.