• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2001

This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of the supportive nursing intervention and analyze its components in 14 studies carried out from Jan. 1980 to Jun. 1997. The supportive nursing intervention studies divided into three types according to the components of conceptual definitons.; (1)supportive nursing behavior, (2)social support, and (3)combination of social support and supportive nursing behavior. The various terms referred to the supportive nursing intervention didn't have the clear differentiating conceptual and operational definitions and the logical relationship among them. The effects of supportive nursing intervention were measured by the 23 dependent variables using self-report and the 5 dependent variables using physiological indices. The dependent variables were measured more than two were role behavior compliance, anxiety, depression, health belief, knowledge about the disease, helplessness and stressful behavior response. The average effects of the supportive nursing intervention ranged from 0.218 to 2.745 for the d index. The three variables of them, which were anxiety, depression and stressful behavior response, were homogeneous statistically by homogeniety test. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that the supportive nursing intervention had moderate to large effects on anxiety(d=0.41), depression (d=0.66) and stressful behavior response (d=0.86).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.495-505
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• 2014

This study investigated the type of fashion brand concepts and derived the components of fashion brand concepts. A total of 125 brand concept texts of women's wear brands were collected from "2012/2013 Korea Fashion Brand Annual" (S. M. Kim, 2012). A qualitative research method was employed. To investigate the types of fashion brand concepts, the texts were classified into three types such as functional, symbolic, and experiential concepts, and four complex types such as functional/symbolic, functional/experiential, symbolic/experiential, and functional/symbolic/experiential concepts. Open coding and axial coding provided the components of fashion brand concepts. The results were as follows. First, an investigation of the types of fashion brand concepts indicated differences in the types of fashion brand concepts and the types of general product brand concepts. One content of a fashion brand concept could be interpreted as more than two concept types; consequently, many fashion brand concepts did not fit the notion of the types of general product brand concept. Most fashion brand concepts simultaneously encompassed more than two types of brand concepts at once. Second, the components of fashion brand concepts consisted of 55 subjects, 7 sub-categories (physical/intrinsic product characteristics, symbolic/conceptual product characteristics, target demographics, target consumer behavior, brand capability, brand values, and brand management/marketing) and 3 categories (product, target consumer, and brand).

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2014

Modern systems development becomes more and more complicated due to the need on the ever-increasing capability of the systems. In addition to the complexity issue, safety concern is also increasing since the malfunctions of the systems under development may result in the accidents in both the test and evaluation phase and the operation phase. Those accidents can cause disastrous damages if explosiveness gets involved therein such as in weapon systems development. The subject of this paper is on how to incorporate safety requirements in the design of safety-critical systems. As an approach, a useful system structure using the method of design structure matrix (DSM) is studied while reflecting the need on systems safety. Specifically, the effects of system components failure are analyzed and numerically modeled first. Also, the system components are identified and their interfaces are represented using a component DSM. Combining the results of the failure analysis and the component DSM leads to a modified DSM. By rearranging the resultant DSM, a modular structure is derived with safety requirements incorporated. As a case study, application of the approach is also discussed in the development of a military UAV plane.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.261-282
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• 2019

The research related to testing pupils' achievement in the field of Measurement and Measure in initial teaching of geometry points to an insufficient adoption of the basic components of the length measurement concept among pupils. In order to discover the cause, we looked at the basic components on which the procedure of measuring length using a ruler is based, highlighted the possibilities of introducing the procedure in measuring length, and determined pupils' achievement during the procedure of measuring length using a ruler. The research sample consisted of 145 pupils, out of which 72 were the 2^nd grade pupils and 73 were the 4^th grade pupils. A descriptive method was applied in the research. The technique we used was testing, and for the statistical data processing we used a χ² test. The results of the research show that, when drawing a straight line of a given length using a ruler, there is no statistical difference in achievement between the 2^nd and 4^th grade pupils, nor in the pupils' knowledge regarding drawing a ruler independently, while drawing a straight line of a given length using a "broken" ruler 4^th grade pupils are statistically better. The results of the research indicate that pupils' achievement is better in doing standard tasks than in non-standard ones, given that the latter require conceptual knowledge. The components of the concept of length measurement using ruler have not been sufficiently developed yet, and these include: zero-point, partitioning a measured object in a series of consecutive measurement units and their iteration. We shed more light on the critical stage in the procedure of length measurement - the transition from non-standard to standard units and the formation of the length measurement scale. For further research, we propose to look at the formation of the concept of length measurement using the ruler through all its components and their inclusion in the mathematics curriculum, as well as examining the correlation of pupils' achievement in the procedure of measuring length with their achievement in measuring area (and volume).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.935-951
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• 2013

The recent entry and heated competition of numerous fashion brands in the luxury fashion market have all compelled luxury businesses to change. The issue of brand equity has emerged as one of the most critical areas for luxury marketing management. Despite strong interest in the subject, there is little evidence of how brand equity is created by marketing activities and what their effects are. This study identifies the effects of luxury marketing activities on the brand equity of luxury items, utilizing Keller's (2001) 'CBBE (Customer Based Brand Equity) Model' as a theoretical framework. Based on literature review, a conceptual model for brand signature, heritage, premium price, controlled distribution, and promotion on customers' view on brand equity was tested. To test the hypothesized building paths of luxury brand equity, statistical analysis were performed with an AMOS 7.0 program using a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results were: First, luxury brand equity was defined in terms of four components (brand awareness/association, customer judgment, customer feeling, and customer-brand resonance). Second, the proposed conceptual framework of this study was partially significant. We can provide an effectiveness of Keller's CBBE model to conceptualize the building process of luxury brand equity; subsequently, marketers should develop core elements to position a brand strategy to create a competitive advantage.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.380-392
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• 2000

This paper proposes a qualitative reasoning approach for the spatial configuration of mechanisms that could be applied in the early phase of the conceptual design. The spatial configuration problem addressed in this paper involves the relative direction and position between the input and output motion, and the orientation of the constituent primitive mechanisms of a mechanism. The knowledge of spatial configuration of a primitive mechanism is represented in a matrix form called spatial configuration matrix. This matrix provides a compact and convenient representation scheme for the spatial knowledge, and facilitates the manipulation of the relevant spatial knowledge. Using this spatial knowledge of the constituent primitive mechanisms, the overall configuration of a mechanism is described and identified by a spatial configuration state matrix. This matrix is obtained by using a qualitative reasoning method based on sign algebra and is used to represent the qualitative behavior of the mechanism. The matrix-based representation scheme allows handling the involved spatial knowledge simultaneously and the proposed reasoning method enables the designer to predict the spatial behavior of a mechanism without knowing specific dimension of the components of the mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.358-363
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• 1995

A study on passive cooling systems for concrete containment of advanced pressurized water reactors has been performed. The proposed passive containment cooling system (PCCS) consist of (1) condenser units located inside containment, (2) a steam condensing pool outside containment at higher elevation, and (3) downcommer/riser piping systems which provide coolant flow paths. During an accident causing high containment pressure and temperature, the steam/air mixture in containment is condensed on the outer surface of condenser tubes transferring the heat to coolant flowing inside tubes. The coolant transfers the heat to the steam condensing pool via natural circulation due to density difference. This PCCS has the following characteristic: (1) applicable to concrete containment system, (2) no limitation in plant capacity expansion, (3) efficient steam condensing mechanism (dropwise or film condensation at the surface of condenser tube), and (4) utilization of a fully passive mechanism. A preliminary conceptual design work has been done based on steady-state assumptions to determine important design parameter including the elevation of components and required heat transfer area of the condenser tube. Assuming a decay power level of 2%, the required heat transfer area for 1,000MWe plant is assessed to be about 2,000 ㎡ (equivalent to 1,600 of 10 m-long, 4-cm-OD tubes) with the relative elevation difference of 38 m between the condenser and steam condensing pool and the riser diameter of 0.62 m.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.243-246
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• 2017

In this study, flexible fixtures and end effectors are conceptually designed for the holding of thin-walled carbon-fiber reinforced-plastic (CFRP) workpieces in machining processes. Firstly, the fixture scenarios and system requirements for the conceptual designs of flexible-fixture and core units are proposed, including the propounding of the workpiece-holding mechanism and the core-unit requirements. A ball-joint pneumatic system is determined as a locking mechanism of the flexible-fixture system for the machining of thin-walled components. Secondly, conceptual designs of the core units are suggested with the driven requirements from the fixture scenarios. A self-tilting mechanism and an end-effector return mechanism are also proposed. Finally, the prototypes of the core units are manufactured, and the workpiece-holding capacity of each prototype is measured.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.252-261
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• 2004

In this complex marketing world, marketers find themselves having to grapple with difficult issues about branding and their brand management. In many cases, a deeper understanding of how consumers feel, think, and act could provide valuable guidance to address these brand-management challenges. The objective of this study is to conceptualize and test the framework of building fashion brand equity, utilizing Keller＇s CBBE Model as a theoretical framework and Kim and Lim＇s (2002) scale as a measurement model of fashion brand equity. We conducted a survey toward 696 university students using Kim and Lim＇s fashion brand equity scale. To test the hypothesized building paths of fashion brand equity, statistical analyses were performed with AMOS 4.1 program using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results of this study were as follows. First, fashion brand equity was defined in terms of six components; customer-brand resonance, customer feeling, customer judgment, brand imagery. brand performance and brand awareness. Fashion brand equity was multi-dimensional brand attitude, which could be measured by 16 items. Consequently, Kim and Lim＇s scale acquired a statistical validity. Second, the proposed conceptual framework of this study was partially significant. We can provide an effectiveness of Keller＇s CBBE model to conceptualize the building process of fashion brand equity. Third, it was different between two brands to build fashion brand equity.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.23-26
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• 2003

This paper presents conceptual design and 3-D electromagnetic analysis of IMVA transformer with BSCCO-2223 High Tc Superconducting (HTS) tapes. The rated voltages of each sides of the transformer are 22.9 kV and 6.6 kV, and double pancake windings were adopted. High voltage and Low voltage sides were composed of several double pancake windings. Four HTS tapes were wound in parallel for the windings of low voltage side and were transposed in order to distribute the currents equally in each conductor The transformer core was designed as a shell type core made of laminated silicon steel plates and the core is separated with the windings by a cryostat with Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics(FRP). A sub-cooling system using L$N_2$ were designed to maintain the coolant temperature 65K. Finally perpendicular components of magnetic field applied to tapes were calculated 0.247 in the rated operation using 3-D analysis. A real 1MVA HTS transformer will be manufactured in near future based on the design parameters presented in this paper.