• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-57
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to develop a educational data in order for students to perform geologic field survey effectively by themselves. A area around the Duta Mountain is selected. which is located at the southeastern part of Eumsung sedimentary basin because various rock types and geologic structures are well shown in this area and also it is convenient to reach there. Thirteen stops for observation are chosen m a route f3r exercising field geologic investigation. Data for field research are given and described in detail from each stop for observation. To do this, students make their own route map using general or digital geographic map and aerial photo is added to know relationship between large-scale structure and different rock types regionally. Moreover, it is designed to minimize conflict factors that may be experienced from the real field survey by showing outcrop photographs and polarizing photomicrographs of rut samples related to each stop and geologic structures. The attitude of students is investigated with the data of field geologic survey for students of an Earth Science class in the College of Education in Chungbuk National University. The results indicate that the educational data for geologic field survey brought positive changes that greatly help students perform field survey in definitive side, especially formation of absolute concepts on earth science.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.161-168
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• 2016

Purpose: Patients who suffer from rheumatic arthritis, fibromyalgia, other various inflammatory diseases and musculoskeletal disorders, which are all similar to temporomandibular disorders (TMD), have been complaining about changes in the level and type of pain in response to changes in weather conditions for a long time. Through an investigation about pain perception in TMD patients in response to weather conditions, our primary objective was to develop base materials for future studies on change in pain in response to meteorological factors. Methods: Among patients who presented with TMD to Department of Oral Medicine, Pusan National University Dental Hospital from August to October 2016, one hundred consecutive TMD patients diagnosed with TMDs according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) were recruited for the study and 28 patients were excluded according to exclusion criteria. Survey was done with the questionnaire and investigated whether there was any difference in incidence and level of pain in TMD patients between non-rainy and rainy days. Results: Among a total of 72 samples, 4 patients reported change in pain on rainy days rather than non-rainy days. Two patients from chronic group (joint and complex subgroup) reported increased pain on rainy days rather than non-rainy days but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). One patient from chronic/muscle group reported the change in pain characteristics while pain intensity remained unchanged. One patient from acute/complex group reported decreased pain intensity. In comparison of the patients who reported increased pain on rainy days between acute and chronic groups, there were two reported cases and were both from chronic group only. There was a significantly higher chance of reporting increased pain on rainy days in chronic group than acute group (p<0.001). Conclusions: It is considered that TMD patients couldn't perceive the change in pain well in response to weather change on rainy days but some chronic patients could perceive the increase in pain in rainy days.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7547-7554
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• 2015

Background: The use of smokeless tobacco (SLT) among women is increasing in India, especially among those with limited education and resources. Preventing the initiation of SLT among women is critical since it has known negative consequences for oral and reproductive health. Most research on tobacco initiation in India focuses on adolescents. This paper addresses the unrecognized issues of post marital initiation among women of reproductive age, highlighting the importance of reproductive stages in women's tobacco initiation. The objective is to examine the correlates of SLT initiation among low income women in Mumbai from pre-marriage through early marriage, first pregnancy and beyond, using case examples to illustrate initiation during each of these stages. Materials and Methods: In 2011-2012, cross-sectional community level survey data were collected from a representative sample of 409 daily SLT-using married women aged 18-40 years in a low income community in Mumbai. Information on socio-demographics, initiation by reproductive stage, types of tobacco use, childhood exposure to tobacco, learning to use, and initiation influences and reasons were collected through a researcher-administered survey. Univariate and bivariate analysis assessed factors influencing initiation of SLT use by reproductive stage. In addition 42 narratives of tobacco use were collected from a purposive sample of pregnant and non-pregnant married women addressing the same questions in detail. Narratives were transcribed, translated, and coded for key concepts including initiation of tobacco use. Results: Thirty-two percent of women initiated SLT use before marriage, 44% initiated after marriage but before pregnancy, 18.1% initiated during their first pregnancy and the remainder started after their first pregnancy. Mean age of marriage among women in this study was 16 years. Younger women (i.e. age at time of the interview of less than 30 years) were 0.47 [95% CI (0.32, 0.87)] percent less likely to initiate after marriage than women aged more than 30 years. Women who got married before 18 years of age were 2.34 [95% CI (1.40, 3.93)] times more likely to initiate after marriage than their counterparts. Childhood exposure was a predictor for initiating SLT use prior to marriage but not after. Women reporting tooth and gum pain were 1.85 times more likely to initiate after marriage than their counterparts. Husband and neighbours were the most significant influences on post-marital initiation. Narratives highlighted differences in processes of initiation pre and post marriage and during pregnancy. Conclusions: Most tobacco prevention interventions are directed to adolescents in school. This study suggests that especially for low literate or illiterate women, school based interventions are ineffective. To be effective strategies to prevent SLT initiation must reach women in urban areas at or immediately after marriage and during their first pregnancy. Messages must negate culturally rooted beliefs about the health benefits of SLT in order to prevent initiation and onset of daily use.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.43-61
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• 1981

Interest in the Quality of working life is spreading rapidly and the phrase has entered the popular vocabulary. That this should be so is probably due in large measure to changes in the values of society, nowadays accelerated as never before by the concerns and demands of younger people. But however topical the concept has become, there is very little agreement on its definition. Rather, the term appears to have become a kind of depository for a variety of sometimes contradictory meanings attributed to it by different groups. A list of all the elements it if held to cover would include availability and security of employment, adaquate income, safe and pleasant physical working conditions, reasonable hours of work, equitable treatment and democracy in the workplace, the possibility of self-development, control over one's work, a sense of pride in craftsmanship or product, wider career choices, and flexibility in matters such as the time of starting work, the number of working days in the week, Job sharing and so on altogether an array that encompasses a variety of traditional aspirations and many new ones reflecting the entry into the post industrial era. The term "quality of working life" was introduced by professor Louis E. Davis and his colleagues in the late 1960s to call attention to the prevailing and needlessly poor quality of life at the workplace. In their usage it referred to the quality of the relationship between the worker and his working environment as a whole, and was intended to emphasize the human dimension so often forgotten among the technical and economic factors in job design. Treating workers as if they were elements or cogs in the production process is not only an affront to the dignity of human life, but is also a serious underestimation of the human capabilities needed to operate more advanced technologies. When tasks demand high levels of vigilence, technical problem-solving skills, self initiated behavior, and social and communication skills. it is imperative that our concepts of man be of requisite complexity. Our aim is not just to protect the worker's life and health but to give them an informal interest in their job and opportunity to express their views and exercise control over everything that affects their working life. Certainly, so far as his work is concerned, a man must feel better protected but he must also have a greater feeling of freedom and responsibility. Something parallel but wholly different if happening in Europe, industrial democracy. What has happened in Europe has been discrete, fixed, finalized, and legalized. Those developing centuries driving toward industrialization like R.O.K, shall have to bear in mind the human complexity in processing and designing the work and its environment. Increasing attention is needed to the contradiction between autocratic rule at the workplace and democratic rights in society.n society.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.482-503
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• 2019

Introduction: A new third version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III) has been developed in response to trends in working life, theoretical concepts, and international experience. A key component of the COPSOQ III is a defined set of mandatory core items to be included in national short, middle, and long versions of the questionnaire. The aim of the present article is to present and test the reliability of the new international middle version of the COPSOQ III. Methods: The questionnaire was tested among 23,361 employees during 2016-2017 in Canada, Spain, France, Germany, Sweden, and Turkey. A total of 26 dimensions (measured through scales or single items) of the middle version and two from the long version were tested. Psychometric properties of the dimensions were assessed regarding reliability (Cronbach α), ceiling and floor effects (fractions with extreme answers), and distinctiveness (correlations with other dimensions). Results: Most international middle dimensions had satisfactory reliability in most countries, though some ceiling and floor effects were present. Dimensions with missing values were rare. Most dimensions had low to medium intercorrelations. Conclusions: The COPSOQ III offers reliable and distinct measures of a wide range of psychosocial dimensions of modern working life in different countries; although a few measures could be improved. Future testing should focus on validation of the COPSOQ items and dimensions using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Such investigations would enhance the basis for recommendations using the COPSOQ III.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.239-263
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• 2013

This research was carried out in order to develop and validate the Korean Version of Working Relationship Scale for Mentally Disabled Persons, which measures the working relationship between a mentally disabled person and his or her case manager. The first step taken to develop this scale was to construct sample items for the Working Relationship Scale using literature research and three focus group interviews of mentally disabled persons who use local mental health services. Secondly, mentally disabled people were surveyed with these sample items and two professors from the department of social work who specialize in mental health social work and two licensed mental health social workers working in the community mental health field reviewed these sample items to select and compile a final version of the scale. Lastly, the scale's reliability and validity was verified through an empirical study of 569 mentally disabled persons who surveyed the final selection of items. An explanatory factor analysis showed that the sample items can be grouped into three factors. Factor 1 is 'Professional Contribution Factor,' which is related to the professional practice of the case manager; Factor 2 is 'Negative Working Relationship Factor'; and Factor 3 is 'Emotional Bond Factor,' which measures the intimacy between the case manager and the mentally disabled person. A confirmatory analysis of the three-factor format that was discovered in the explanatory factor analysis was carried out with the rest of the randomly divided data, which showed that the model demonstrated a goodness-of-fit. The convergence validity between similar concepts appeared to be appropriate as well. Based on these results, the Korean Version of Working Relationship Scale for Mentally Disabled Persons consisting of a final 33 items is developed and proposed and its implications in social work are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.61-77
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• 2013

Developing textbook evaluation criterion is as important as textbook development in education. Home economics subject has been involved in textbook evaluation since 1995, at which the first home economics textbook was under the national authorization system in South Korea. There has been little research on home economics textbook evaluation criterion even though there were more studies using textbook analysis. The purposes of this study were to explore the reason why subject perspectives were reflected on the textbook evaluation criterion, the relationships between the perspectives presented by national curriculum and technology home economics textbook evaluation criterion, and the future direction for developing textbook evaluation criterion. So this study was related to analyze practical arts(technology home economics) textbook evaluation criterion and the meaning of subject perspectives in textbook evaluation criterion, to drive perspectives consistently presented by the 2007 revised and 2011 revised national curriculum, to analyze the relationships between the perspectives in national curriculum and textbook evaluation criterion, and to provide the future direction for textbook evaluation criterion development. Textbook evaluation criterion is very important because it provides subject perspectives for developing textbook, delivers the core concepts and unique values of our subject, and provides the direction for teacher education. According to the analysis of both national curriculum, the perspectives such as management competency, life competency, practical experience, integrative competency for understanding individual and family, career and life planning, and life problem-solving were presented in this study. Implication for future research would be needed to develop the factors of textbook evaluation criterion based on the perspective presented by national curriculum.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.245-256
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• 1998

In this study, we discussed about the implications of the idealization, which take an important role in physics, to the physics education. First, understanding of the idealization help the physics learning itself. This is because that various types of idealizations are included in the physics terms and concepts, derivation processes of physics laws and formulas, and explanation of natural phenomena and problem solving activities. Second, understanding of the idealization can help the application of the physics world to the real world. That is, by understanding the extent and the limit of idealization used in physics world, physics students can understand the discrepancies between the real world and the physics world. And also, by modifying or eliminating the idealization, students can extend the extent of understanding about how predictions based on the idealization used in the physics world will change. To do this, we suggested the application of computer simulation program in physics laboratories. Third, idealization take an important role in the inquiry learning for students' originality. The activities of identifying or controlling the variables, as one of the principal factors of scientific inquiry, need the appropriate establishment of the ideal conditions. And to analyze the limiting case or practice the thought experiments for understanding the impossible situation in the real world, ideal conditions also are needed. This study discussed above three aspects with various concrete examples and, with Park et al.'s study (Park et al., 1998), present the theoretical basis for the study of students' and teachers' understanding the idealization.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.142-152
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• 2001

This study examined all the papers published in the Journal of Occupational Health Nursing from 1991 to May 2000 based on an objective frame of evaluation. The purpose of study is to prospect the trend of occupational nursing research and to provide an optimal direction for future occupational nursing service. The results of total 94 studies were analyzed as follows. 1. The number of papers published in 1991-1992, 1993-1995, 1996-1997 was not significantly increased. However, the number of papers were obviously increased after 1998. 2. In the design of research, survey studies were definitely dominant. But, they are gradually decreasing and experimental studies are increasing. 3. In the fields of research, health problems, health risk factors and health awareness were higher than others. Occupational health nurse's task and job satisfaction were main areas of research until the middle of 1990's. However, after then, not only health problem, risk factor and awareness of health but also health promotion and preventive health behavior are increasing in the research areas. 4. The collaborative researches have gradually increased and the type of author has been varied. The number of researches completed by funds was undertaking only 3 among the total 94. 5. In the research analysis, except for case studies and literature studies, the research subjects have been shifted from the occupational health nurses to the industrial workers, and more diversified. The sample size has been enlarged and the major place of the study is industry. The questionnaire was used in many studies as instrument for data collection and measurement. But, complementary methods of diverse instruments have been increased. The method of data analysis has obviously showed some changes moving from descriptive statistics to inferential and advanced statistics. 6. The ways of nursing intervention have prominently diversified in experimental studies. The contents of case studies were mainly focused on the health management programs and activities in industry. The research concepts and the contents of literature study were also changed progressively in various way. Based on the above findings, conclusions are extended to the following discussion: Since the Korean Academic Society of Occupational Health Nursing was instituted in 1990, the researches of occupational health nursing have shown an acute methodological development in both quantity and quality. However, they were considered still in the lack of research verifying the effects of nursing intervention program. Also, the development of nursing intervention and nursing theory lacked. Therefore, more empirical researches are strongly needed to utilize the field of occupational health nursing in Korea Researchers are also encouraged to exert more efforts to get research funds.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.235-243
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• 2020

The more consumers feel the brand as authentic, the better the brand image and the higher the purchase intention, so companies actively seek to build brand authenticity. On the other hand, the quality of products perceived by consumers comprehensively in consideration of various factors such as performance, durability, and materials can affect brand authenticity. The purpose of this study is to present useful implications by building a research model for quality and brand authenticity from a marketing point of view, and empirical analysis. For this, product quality and brand authenticity were theoretically defined, the relationship between them was identified, and ultimately the influence of these concepts on brand image was examined. In detail, a survey was conducted on a total of 286 consumers to find out the quality of the product, authenticity of the brand, and brand image, and the product to be surveyed was S20, the latest mobile phone of S Electronics. As a result of empirical analysis, although quality had a statistically significant positive effect on brand authenticity, the degree was not greater than expected. In addition, quality had a statistically significant positive effect on brand image, and its degree was large, but when quality and brand authenticity were considered together, it was found that the regression coefficient of brand authenticity was larger than that of quality. This means a partial mediating effect of brand authenticity. Therefore, in order to enhance the brand image and purchase intention of SMEs/Venture companies, a strategy that build brand authenticity simultaneously in consideration of the components presented in this study will be more effective than a strategy that focuses only on quality. This study proposes a variety of theoretical and practical implications by empirically examining the relationship between brand authenticity and brand image perceived by consumers through quality from a marketing perspective, based on a research model that was not discussed in previous studies. In particular, this study proposes a plan to build brand authenticity from the perspective of SMEs/Ventures.