• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.210-220
• /
• 2023

We analyzed and compared factors such as changes in the degree of difficulty of concepts presented in Chemistry I textbook, changes in class types (non-face-to-face, face-to-face), etc. on academic achievement by level (upper, middle, and lower). Students from A high school in Gyeongsangnam-do were selected for the subjects of the study. As a result of analyzing the change in the degree of difficulty of concepts, the total score of chemistry I combined by non-face-to-face and face-to-face classes during the second semester was lower than that of the first semester. As a result of analyzing the impact of factors such as changes in conceptual difficulty, changes in class types, etc. on academic achievement by level, students' grades at the 'lower level' by non-face-to-face classes were lower than those by face-to-face classes. In particular, at the lower level of the second semester, there was a large difference in grades between non-face-to-face and face-to-face classes. In the results of these studies, it was found that instructors' active feedback is important to identify difficulties in understanding learning contents for students with low levels of academic achievement and improve them at the same time.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.115-128
• /
• 2013

Objectives : This study was aimed to investigate burn out degree of K.M.D.s(Korean medicine doctors) who work at convalescent hospitals and to find contributional factors for the result. The relationship between burn out and job performance was also studied. Methods : 77 K.M.D.s(Male 49(63.6%), Female 28(36.4%)) participated in this survey that has 62 main questions about burn out, job performance, job environment and Social demographic characteristics. Survey was conducted from 19th Aug. 2013 to 6th Nov. 2013. Results : Average of burn out degree of K.M.D.s was 2.62 out of 5. Emotional exhaustion was highest (2.80) and depersonalization was lowest(2.20) among subordinate concepts of burn out. Work place location and average income of the subjective which are subordinate concepts of social demographic characteristics showed significant correlation with job performance. Role conflict, relation of co-worker, workload were significant factors for emotional exhaustion and meaning of the job, will of patient, challenge were significant factors for lack of feeling of accomplishment by multiple regression analysis. Relation of co-worker, aggression of patient and meaning of the job were also significant factors for depersonalization. Conclusion : Emotional exhaustion and lack of feeling of accomplishment among subordinate concepts of burn out were high in the subjective who participated this study. Significant factors that contribute to burn out of this study, shows different result compare to the studies that show other factors contribute to burn out who works at convalescent hospital or other place.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.693-734
• /
• 2011

연구의 목적은 자연수 개념에 대한 초등 교사들의 교수학적 내용지식을 분석하는 것이다. Shulman(1986b)은 교사의 지식을 이해하기 위한 도구를 개발하면서, 가르치는데 필요한 내용지식을 교과내용지식, 교육과정지식, 교수학적 내용지식의 세 가지로 구분하였고, 방정숙(2002)은 교사의 교수 방법에 포함되는 요소를 개인 요소와 사회 문화 요소로 구분하였다. 연구 문제는 (1) 초등 교사들은 자연수 개념에 대하여 어떤 교수학적 내용지식을 가지고 있는가, (2) 초등 교사들이 가지고 있는 자연수 개념에 대한 교수학적 내용지식에는 어떤 요소들이 포함되어 있는가의 두 가지이다. 연구 결과 (1) 초등 교사들은 자연수 개념에 대한 교수학적 내용지식의 세 가지 유형을 적절히 갖추고 있고, (2) 초등 교사들이 가지고 있는 자연수 개념에 대한 교수학적 내용지식에는 사회문화적 요소 보다는 개인 요소가 더 많이 포함되어 있다. 연구의 제안점으로는 (1) 보통의 현장 교사와 수학교육을 전공한 교사간의 비교 연구와 (2)자연수 개념에 대한 교실 활동에 대한 연구가 수행되기를 바란다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.353-370
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 나눗셈과 분수의 1차적 개념을 학습한 초등학교 3학년 영재아 3명을 대상으로 소수를 내용으로 하였을 때, 정확한 1차적 개념에 대한 학습과 개념의 연결로 소수에 대한 변형된 1차적 개념과 변형된 스키마를 어떻게 구성하여 소수에 대한 관계적 이해를 하는지에 대해 질적 사례연구를 통하여 알아보았다. 즉, 연구대상자들이 나눗셈과 분수의 1차적 개념을 바탕으로 어떻게 소수에 대한 관계적 이해를 하는지, 그리고 소수의 1차적 개념을 바탕으로 어떠한 변형된 1차적 개념을 형성하여 수직적 수학화를 이루어 나가는지를 심도 있게 조사하였다. 그 결과 정확한 1차적 개념에 대한 학습으로 형성된 변형된 1차적 개념과 그들의 연결로 구성된 스키마와 변형된 스키마가 소수에 대한 관계적 이해와 수직적 수학화에 중요한 요인으로 작용 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.437-448
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 나눗셈과 분수와 소수의 1차적 개념을 학습한 초등학교 3학년 영재아 2명을 대상으로 소수의 덧셈을 내용으로 하였을 때, 어떠한 변형된 1차적 개념[1]과 변형된 스키마[2]를 어떻게 구성하여 소수의 덧셈에 대한 관계적 이해를 하는지에 대해서 질적 사례연구를 통하여 알아보았다. 즉, 연구대상자들이 스스로 형성한 변형된 1차적 개념과 변형된 스키마를 어떻게 이용하여 소수의 덧셈에 대한 문제 해결에 접근을 하는지, 또한 연구대상자들이 개념구성과 문제해결력에서의 스키마는 어떻게 변형을 이루어 나가는지를 심도 있게 조사하였다. 그 결과 나눗셈과 분수와 소수의 1차적 개념에 대한 학습으로 형성된 변형된 1차적 개념과 변형된 스키마가 소수의 덧셈에 대한 관계적 이해에 중요한 요인으로 작용 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.599-614
• /
• 2011

통계교육에서 많은 연구자들이 자료집합 비교 활동을 통계적 추리를 위한 중요한 활동으로 강조한다. 자료집합 비교 활동은 2009년 개정 교육과정에서 중학교 확률과 통계 영역에 다시 포함되었다. 본 연구는 자료집합 비교 활동에서 중학교 학생들이 비형식적 추리를 경험하면서 추리통계에서 강조되는 어떠한 통계적 개념과 요소에 주목하는지, 자료집합 비교를 토대로 한 의사결정 과정에서 이러한 개념과 요소들을 어떻게 사용하는지 조사하고, 그 특성과 관점의 변화는 어떠한지 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 학생들은 비형식적 추리에서 자료값, 비교기준, 퍼짐, 표본과 같은 통계적 요소에 주목함을 확인하였으며, 학생들의 비형식적 추리에서 나타나는 특징을 자료값에 대한 관점, 비교기준에 대한 관점, 퍼짐에 대한 관점, 표본에 대한 관점, 네 가지로 구분하여 제시하였다. 그리고 자료집합 비교 활동이 중학교 학생들에게 비형식적 추리 경험을 제공함으로써 기술통계와 추리통계의 연결 도구가 될 수 있다는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제31권
• /
• pp.287-308
• /
• 2013

Russian language tends to be quite open to borrowing. In Russian it has been for a long time the conventional way of expanding the lexicon, accepting many words from adjacent languages, including Church Slavic. In the contemporary Russian English has been the main source for loanwords. There are several linguistic factors for lexical borrowing: 1. the necessity of denominating new facts, phenomena or concepts, 2. the necessity of differentiating concepts, 3. the necessity of specializing new concepts, 4. the introduction of new international terms, 5. the increase of periphrastic expressions, 6. the needs for the more elegant and modern words. These factors have caused borrowing to enlarge the component of the lexicon and phrasal expressions, but excessive use of foreign words has brought about negative effects such as linguistic pollution. Some borrowed words are assimilated without serious conflicts, but other words undergo semantic changes in confrontation to existing words of similar meanings. These types of semantic changes comprise total change of meaning, reduction of semantic scale and extension of meaning. Semantic changes are caused by linguistic factors such as lexical conflict with existing words or by socio-culural factors such as misunderstanding of foreign words. And extension of meaning shows two types: qualitative extension and quantitative extension. The first means extending the semantic scope of a borrowed word and the latter - increasing the number of its sememe. In contemporary Russian language we can witness two productive phenomena: qualitative extension by socio-cultural factors, in which words with negative nuances are changed into those with positive ones and professional terms become common words, losing their professional meanings. On the other hand, by quantative extension some loanwords change their concrete meanings into abstract ones. In such cases loanwords acquire the additional meanings of abstractness, putting aside their original concrete meanings as the basic. On the contrary, the qualitative extension of adding the special meaning to general words or giving the concrete meaning to abstract words is not productive. And it is rarely witnessed that words of positive nuances are negatively used. It is considered that such cases are partly restricted in the spoken language or the jargon. Such phenomena may happen by the incomplete understanding of English words.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2015

Trends of integrating products and services lead to the emergence of Product-Service System (PSS). To implement and embody a PSS solution in new product development, a comprehensive design framework is allowed designers to facilitate the design factors of the PSS in complex business environments. A physical product, containing functionalities for services, is the role of medium between customers and a manufactures. Customers can access those metaphysical interfaces to utilize the product fully or expand its performances. The PSS is aiming to prolong its lifecycle while maintaining its expected quality. Since the quality can be represented as a measure which belongs to user's perspective, guaranteeing certain level of quality can be interpreted to sustaining customer satisfaction. The objective of this paper is to propose a PSS design framework to identify design factors for developing products and services by integrating object-oriented concepts and blueprinting in context of a business ecosystem. The proposed model is developed based on relationship products and services matching with their design factors. The products and the services are then brought together to form a PSS. Functions and processes can be categorized to identify the design factors in different levels using the object-oriented concepts. Objected-oriented concepts provide PSS analysis tools for describing a business process or a workflow process in the PSS. The blueprint is used to identify the relationships between the products functions and the service processes that are offered as part of a job. To demonstrate of the effectiveness of the proposed model, we use a case study involving a smart phone.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
• /
• 제10권
• /
• pp.95-131
• /
• 1983

Index is a systematic guide to items contained in, or concepts derived from, a collection, Thus, it is represented as a paired set of index terms (t) and documents (D) : I= {(t,D) vertical bar t .mem. V, D .mem. W), where V is index vocabulary and W is document collection. Indexing is the process of analysing the informational content of records of knowledge and expressing the informational content in the language of the indexing system. It involves: 1) Selecting indexable concepts in a document; and 2) expressing these concepts in the language of the indexing system (as index entries): and an ordered list. Indexing process involves technical, semantic and syntactic problems. Technical problems are related to the accuracy of indexing, which is primarily governed by the indexer's ability of analysing subject, identifying indexable concepts, and coding. The proper levels of indexing exhaustivity, and index language specificity are also significant factors affecting the quality of index. Semantic problems are related to the choice of index terms and the form in which they should be used. Equivalent, hierarchical and affinitive/associative relationships of index terms are involved. Syntactic problems are largely related to the coordination of index terms. This process of coordination arises from the need to be able to search for the intersection of two or more classes defined by terms denoting distinct concepts. Finally, most valuable aspects of alphabetical subject indexing theories and practices are derived from those of Cutter, Kaiser, Ranganathan, Coates, Lynch and Austin, and discussed in details.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국산업정보학회 2008년도 추계 공동 국제학술대회
• /
• pp.365-384
• /
• 2008

Many studies on ASP outsourcing area have focused on the Critical Success Factors(CSFs) of ASP outsourcing projects or on the service quality of ASP Service. But these studies have limitations to explain how to succeed in doing ASP outsourcing project. The objective of this research is to overcome this limitation by using the concept of "IT Risk" in Outsourcing. The effective control of the risks-caused during the IS outsourcing process-gives (ASP service using) users a powerful tool to minimize the risks and thus maximizes the possibility of ASP outsourcing project success. In order to perform this objective, this research set up the research model which is composed of three concepts. The three concepts are 1. Undesirable Outcomes(:UO) as IT outsourcing Risks, 2. The Source of Risks(:SOR) influencing the UO, and 3. the intention to get/execute Real Option Portfolio to control the risk level of SORs and UOs. This research has some important and interesting implications on the ASP outsourcing area. First, this research classifies the risk factors as three concepts and finds the interactions among them. Second, Using Real Option portfolio can control the risks effectively occurred during outsourcing projects. Third, Vendors(ASP service providers) can offer users IN TIME the options which can minimize the occurrence of risks.