• School Mathematics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.613-631
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate how the small group activity system influences individual to form concepts of prime number and composite number through activity theory on learning process of mathematically gifted 5th-grade students. Student's worksheets, recorded video, and interview were gathered and transcribed for analyzing data. Process of concept formation and using symbol behavior were used to derive the stage of mathematical concept from students, and the activity system and stage of concept formation process were schematized through analysis of whole class activity system and small group activity system based on activity theory. According to the results of this study, two students who were in different activity groups separated into the state of semi-concept and the stage of complex thinking respectively, and therefore, social context and the activity system had effects on process of concept formation among the students.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-31
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• 2007

Negative numbers have been one of the most difficult mathematical concepts, and it was only 200 years ago that they were recognized as a real object of mathematics by mathematicians. It was because it took more than 1500 years for human beings to overcome the quantitative notion of numbers and recognize the formality in negative numbers. Understanding negative numbers as formal ones resulted from the Copernican conversion in mathematical way of thinking. we first investigated the historic and the genetic process of the concept of negative numbers. Second, we analyzed the conceptual fields of negative numbers in the aspect of the additive and multiplicative structure. Third, we inquired into the levels of thinking on the concept of negative numbers on the basis of the historical and the psychological analysis in order to understand the formal concept of negative numbers. Fourth, we analyzed Korean mathematics textbooks on the basis of the thinking levels of the concept of negative numbers. Fifth, we investigated and analysed the levels of students' understanding of the concept of negative numbers. Sixth, we analyzed the symbolizing process in the development of mathematical concept. Futhermore, we tried to show a concrete way to teach the formality of the negative numbers concepts on the basis of such theoretical analyses.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.276-286
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• 2002

Purpose: The concept of embarrassment as an unpleasant emotion is important in caring for those who are in the continuum of illness and health requiring body care and facing sexual problems. In spite of its nursing implication, embarrassment has not been focused in nursing research. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develope a conceptual analysis of embarrassment. This analysis would help to understand comprehensively an embarrassing situation in which an intimate relationship between nurse and patient regarding body care of the patient could develope. Futhermore, it would be a basis for developing strategies for prevention of embarrassment which could lead for both patient and nurse to emotionally vulnerable situation because of their failure of self-presentation (impression management). Method: The concept analysis model suggested by Walker and Avant (1988) is used to clarify what is meant by the term 'embarrassment'. Result: This analysis defines the attributes of embarrassment such as follows. First, embarrassment is often attributed to situational factors interrupting a smooth interaction such as intimacy, confusion, vulnerability, exposure of interaction and characteristics of audience. Second, embarrassment is closely related with cognitive factor such as fear of losing face resulted from a behaviour being out of line. Third, embarrassment is closely associated with dispositional factor such as embarrassability. Fourth, embarrassment is an unpleasant and unwanted emotion arising reactively after an interaction had occurred. Fifth, embarrassment encloses physical, physiological and behavioral aspects such as a variety of unique and easily noticeable reactions and a pattern of verbal and non-verbal behaviour for coping in an embarrassing situation. The antecedents were normally socialized adolescents with normal cognitive ability, concern of losing face, embarrassability, embarrassing events related with situational intimacy, confusion, vulnerability, exposure of interaction and characteristics of audience, physical, behavioral blunders resulting in a failure of impression management. The consequences were an emotional coping behaviour, audience's embarrassment responses, and verbal and non-verbal coping strategies of interactional participants. Conclusion: It is hoped that this analysis will stimulate further exploration of this concept and study for developing systematic assessment and nursing practice that diminishes embarrassment of interactional participants.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.141-159
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• 2011

The purpose of the present research is to suggest implications on guidance of height concept understanding of figures by investigating concept understanding how sixth grade's elementary school students understand a height concept of figures. In order to achieve this research purpose, a height concept understanding test of figures was carried out with the target of 54 sixth grade students who already learned a height concept of plane figures and three-dimensional solid figures and thus this research analyzed characteristics and errors appeared there. When analyzing its characteristics and errors interviews with students were carried out for in-depth analysis. And as a result the following implications could be obtained. First, students felt more difficulty in measuring height in a figure that its lower base is not horizontal in questions measuring height of a plane figure. Second, there were cases that students associate a height concept of figures with experience of height experienced in daily life. Third, students were feeling difficulty in linguistically expressing a concept called height that oneself has. Expressing a concept linguistically plays an important role in understanding a concept clearly. Accordingly activities for raising this mathematical communication ability are required, Fourth, the present research can suggest implications in designing classes that students can clearly understand the height concept of figures.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.351-365
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• 2005

This study investigates student teacher's recognition of professionalism as they relate to self-concept and conflict. Subjects were 190 student teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Subjects responded to self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed by regression analysis using the SPSS computer program. The Major result of this study are as follows : First, there were significant positive relationships between self-concept and recognition of professionalism in four sub areas. Second, there were also significant negative relationships between conflict and recognition of professionalism in four sub areas. Consequently, self-concept and conflict were statistically significant factors in predicting student teacher's recognition of professionalism.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.181-194
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• 2006

The influence of peer relationships and teacher's support on the development of self-concept was assessed in Chinese immigrant, Korean-Chinese, and Korean middle and high school students. Subjects were 205 Chinese immigrants in Seoul, Korea, 256 Korean-Chinese in Shenyang, China, and 368 Korean adolescents in Seoul and Ulsan, Korea. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, factor analysis, and multiple regression. Results showed that the self-concept score of Korean-Chinese was highest followed by Chinese immigrants in Korea, and Korean adolescents, in that order. The self-concept of Chinese immigrant adolescents was influenced by peer relationships, of Korean-Chinese by teacher's support, of Korean adolescents by both peer relationships and teacher's support.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.114-121
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• 2000

A new concept drill was developed recently (or increasing accuracy and productivity in drilling operation. The burr formation in drilling causes many problems in deburring operation because burrs are formed inside holes and it is difficult to remove them. Burr formations are observed in drilling operation with a new concept drill and are compared with conventional HSS drill. Several workpieces with different materials are drilled with several cutting conditions, velocity and feed rate. The burr in drilling can be classified into three types according to the location of crack. To observe the burr formation mechanism, the cap which is formed with the new concept drill is observed and measured.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate children's liquid conservation concept according to their ages and task-situations in the water evaporation phenomenon. Thirty from each 4-, 6- and 8-year-old age groups (total of 90 subjects) were selected for this study. The subjects were recruited from two day-care centers, a kindergarten, and an elementary school, in Seoul. Statistical methods used for data analysis were frequencies, percentiles, means, standard deviations and repeated measures ANOVA. As a result, there was a significant difference in children's liquid conservation concept in the evaporation of water according to their ages and task-situations. 8-year-old children showed levels of cognition than 4- and 6-year-olds. Children showed higher levels of cognition in the task of drying than in the task of water level changes.

• Language and Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-72
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• 2004

In general, it is assumed that a pronoun refers to the same individual as the referent of its antecedent. However, when a pronoun and its antecedent are in different information or belief states, the two may not refer to the same individual. Then a question arises what a pronoun refers to. In this paper, two cases are considered. When a pronoun occurs in an attitude context, one case is where its antecedent occurs in a belief context, and the other is where the antecedent occurs in the main context. I propose that a pronoun refers to an individual concept which links two different subjects in two different contexts, and that the selection of a proper individual concept is restricted by the discourse. So a pronoun can be used felicitously only when there is a unique individual concept supported by the individual concept introduced by the discourse and which can link two subjects in two different contexts.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2002

The main purpose of this dissertation is to develop an integrated approach to sustainable housing development, which would be applied in both academic studios and professional practice. This approach is based upon the concept of sustainability encountered in the process of housing design efficiency. It is concerned with the basic identification of problems and needs, the setting of design goals, and the constraints under which the future design and construction will have to operate. The components of the research approach focus on: (1) the identification of main issues of sustainable architecture (2) the identification of the concept of sustainability as integrated approach for architectural design. (3) the analysis of context between the housing design and the main issues of sustainablility. (4) the identification of the concept of sustainable housing design. Based on these results, this paper suggested the concept of sustainable housing design as integrated approach.