• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.75-94
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 한국 제조업의 입지와 공간구조의 변화를 살펴보고 이에 영향을 준 요인들을 고찰하는 것이다. 1960년대~1980년대에 한국의 수출주도형 산업정책과 대규모 산업단지 조성을 통한 입지정책의 영향으로 수도권과 동남권 중심의 제조업 공간구조가 구축되었다. 1990년대 중반 이후 경제 세계화와 기업 경쟁력 강화에 따라 기술 및 지식 집약적 제조와 연구개발 활동이 수도권에 집중되었다. 반면 조립공장의 해외 이전이 가속화되면서 비수도권 산업도시의 쇠퇴가 진행되었다. 2010년대 이후에는 제조업 및 창업 활동이 수도권에 더욱 집중되면서 인접한 충청권 북부로 확대되는 양상을 보인다. 이것은 전세계적 차원에서 글로벌 가치사슬 변화와 생산 기능 해외 이전, 국가적 차원에서 지식 집약적 제조 및 연구개발 활동의 수도권 집중이 제조업 공간구조에 투영된 결과이다.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2011

To establish area specific control strategies for the reduction of the ozone concentration, the Ozone Isopleth Plotting Package for Research(OZIPR) model has been widely used. However, the model results tend to changed by various input parameters such as the background concentration, emission amount of NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and meteorological condition. Thus, sensitivity analysis should be required to ensure the reliability of the result. The OZIPR modeling results for five local government districts in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) in June 2000 were used for the sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis result showed that the modeling result of the SMA being VOC-limited region be still valid for a wide range of input parameters' variation. The estimated ozone concentrations were positively related with the initial VOCs concentrations while were negatively related with the initial NOx concentrations. But, the degree of the variations at each local district was different suggesting area specific characteristics being also important. Among the five local governments, Suwon was chosen to identify other variance through the period from April to September in 2000. The monthly modeling results show different ozone values, but still showing the characteristics of VOCs-limited region. Limitations due to not considering long range transport and transfer from neighbor area, limitation of input data, error between observed data and estimated data are all discussed.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 2022

Social interest in the fine particulate matter has increased significantly since the 2010s, and various efforts have been made to reduce it through environmental plans and policies. To support such environmental planning, in this study, spatial cluster characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations were analyzed in the metropolitan area to identify high-risk areas spatially, and the correlation with local environmental characteristics was also confirmed. The PM2.5 concentration for the recent 5 years (2016-2020) was targeted, and representative spatial statistical methods Getis-Ord Gi^* and Local Moran's I were applied. As a result of the analysis, the cluster form was different in Getis-Ord Gi^* and Local Moran's I, but they show high similarity in direction, therefore complementary results could be obtained. In the high concentration period, the hotspot concentration of the Getis-Ord Gi* method increased, but in Local Moran's I, the HH region, the high concentration cluster, showed a decreasing trend. Hotspots of the Getis-Ord Gi^* technique were prominent in the Pyeongtaek-Hwaseong and Yeoju-Icheon regions, and the HH cluster of Local Moran's I was located in the southwest, and the LL cluster was located in the northeast. As in the case of the metropolitan area, in the results of Seoul, there was a phenomenon of division between the northeast and southwest regions. The PM2.5 concentration showed a high correlation with the elevation, vegetation greenness and the industrial area ratio. During the high concentration period, the relation with vegetation greenness increased, and the elevation and industrial area ratio increased in the case of the annual average. This suggests that the function of vegetation can be maximized at a high concentration period, and the influence of topography and industrial areas is large on average. This characteristic was also confirmed in the basic statistics for each major cluster. The spatial clustering characteristics of PM2.5 can be considered in the national land and environmental plan at the metropolitan level. In particular, it will be effective to utilize the clustering characteristics based on the annual average concentration, which contributes to domestic emissions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1525-1540
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• 2015

In order to clarify the contribution rate of PM concentration due to regional emission distribution, Brute force analysis were carried out using numerical estimated PM data from WRF-CMAQ. The emission from Kyeongki region including Seoul metropolitan is the largest contribution of PM concentration than that from other regions except for emission of trans-country and source itself. Contribution rate of self emission is also the largest at Kyeongki region and its rate reach on over 95 %. And the rate at Gangwon region also higher than any region due to synoptic wind pattern. Due to synoptic wind direction at high PM episode, pollutants at downwind area along from west to east and from north to south tends to mix intensively and its composition is also complicated. Although the uncertainty of initial concentration of PM, the contribution of regional PM concentration tend to depend on the meteorological condition including intensity of synoptic and mesoscale wind and PM emission pattern over upwind region.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권3D호
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• pp.391-397
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 공간통계 및 지리적 탐색 기법을 이용하여 공간연관성의 관점에서 서울대도시권 인구분포 변화를 분석하였다. 전역적 지수를 이용하여 1980년부터 2005년까지 25년간의 인구자료를 분석한 결과, 서울대도시권의 인구는 매우 강한 정적(+) 공간연관성을 나타내며 분포하고 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 각 지역의 인구분포가 주변지역의 인구분포에 영향을 받았음을 의미한다. 이어서 국지적 지수를 이용하여 실제 어떤 지역에 군집이 형성되고 있는지 분석하였으며, 서울시의 남쪽 및 서쪽, 즉 인천 및 경기지역으로 군집이 이동하고 있음이 확인되었다. 분석 결과는 향후 서울대도시권 관리 및 개발계획 수립의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1995

This paper studies the comparative advantage of competitive and specialized regional industries which are manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, servies in the metropolitan area-Seoul, Inchun, Kyunggi-do of Korea, For the analysis of industries, the coefficient of specialization, the indices of competitiveness of labor and value-added, the growth rate are simultaneously examined under the criteria of the number of workers, value of shipment, value-added, This comperative synthetic analysis is different from the traditional approaches. This paper shows that the perfectly competitive advantage of specialized industries satisfying all of three criteria are 'other business related activities', 'recreational, cultural and sporting activities' in Seoul, 'machinery and outfits, n.e.c', 'retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles, repair of personal and household goods' in Inchun. We conclude that each should strategically develop the region-oriented specialized industry which has the comparative advantage. It is the reason why the concentration of industry in necessary for the leading of regional industry under the weaken local public finance. Moreover, such an industy should provide the increase of employment and income from the viewpoint of the activation of regional economy. The potential-specialized competitive industry requires the advanced structure of production under the criteria of value-added. For the development of the metropolitan area's economy, the highly advanced technology industry including computer and electronics should be induced through the loosening of metropolitan regulation. Research center(science park) supported by th private-public sector should be built for the increase of technology sector should be built for the increase of technology power of the small and medium enterprises, Also it is necessary that the small and medium enterprises strategically make the cooperative-large group in order to avoid the disadvantage from the size.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 1994

본 연구는 서울 수도권계획에서, 종합적 토지이용모형 및 교통계획모형을 적용하여 1995년 이전에 4개의 신도시건설을 제안한 논문이다. 서울 수도권에는 1천만이 넘는 인구가 거주하여 수도권과 같은 대도시권의 거대공간구조에 의하여 외부불경제가 가속화되고있다. 이에 대한 주 요인은 여러 종류의 도시 및 지역기능의 과잉집중에 의하여 설명될 수 있다. 본 연구는 상기에 기록된 대로 수도권의 현황을 계량적으로 분석하고 그리고 장래인구추세를 추정하였고, 권역인구 증가분의 소요도는 가용토지배분과 수도권 시스템내에 신도시 위치선정을 제시하였다. 이들은 기술통계모형으로 컴퓨터 알고리즘에 의하여 추정되는데, 단순회귀, 증회구분석모형, 중력모형과 평탄위상에서의 도시시설임지모형등이 사용되었다. 대도시권계획의 목적과 실제는 지역성장관리를 적정수준으로 분산시키는데 있다 하겠으며, 이것은 그 지역의 경제성장을 방해하지 말아야 하겠으나, 본 연구의 결과로는 우리는 서울 수도권의 기능적 집중을 억제하기 어려우므로 우리는 적절한 신도시건설로서 수도권 성장에 대처하여야 한다는 사실이 판명되었다. 아울러 본 논문에서는 수도권지도를 GIS로 도면화하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.789-802
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• 2021

This study analyzed the characteristics of high PM_2.5 episodes that meets the concentration criteria of Emergency Reduction Measures Plan (ERMP) in Busan during the 2015-2020, and compared with those in Seoul. As a first step, the CAPSS-2017 emission data was employed to analyze the emission differences between Busan and Seoul, and pointed out that Busan emission included the dominance of ship emissions (37.7%) among total PM_2.5 city emissions, whereas fugitive PM_2.5 emission was the highest in Seoul. These emission characteristics are indicating that the controlling action plan should be uniquely applied to cope with ERMP in each region. We selected extremely high PM_2.5 episode days that meet the criteria of ERMP levels. In Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam region, 15, 16, and 8 days of extremely high PM_2.5 cases were found, respectively, whereas Seoul showed approximately doubling of occurrences with 37 cases. However, the occurrences in summer season indicated big differences between two cities: the proportion of summer-season occurrence was 13-25% in Busan, whereas no single case have occurred in Seoul. This is suggesting the needs of comprehensive summer emission reduction plan with focusing on sulfur reduction to effectively cope with the ERMP levels in summer in the southeastern region, including Busan.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2019

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Seoul area by predicting unhealthy days due to PM2.5 and comparing the regional differences. Methods: The extreme value theory is adopted to model and compare the PM2.5 concentration in each region, and each best model is selected through the goodness of fitness test. The maximum likelihood estimation technique is applied to estimate the parameters of each distribution, and the fitness of each model is measured by the mean absolute deviation. The selected model is used to estimate the number of unhealthy days (above $75{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5 concentrations) in each region, with which the actual number of unhealthy days are compared. In addition, the level of PM2.5 concentration in each region is analyzed by calculating the return levels for periods of 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. Results: The Mapo (MP) area revealed the most unhealthy days, followed by Gwanak (GW) and Yangcheon (YC). On the contrary, the number of unhealthy days was low in Seodaemun (SDM), Songpa (SP) and Gangbuk (GB) areas. The return level of PM2.5 was high in Gangnam (GN), Dongjak (DJ) and YC. It will be necessary to prepare for PM2.5 than other regions. On the contrary, Gangbuk (GB), Nowon (NW) and Seodaemun (SDM) showed relatively low return levels for PM2.5. However, in most of the regions of Seoul, PM25 is generated at a very poor level ($75{\mu}g/m^3$) every 6months period, and more than $100{\mu}g/m^3$ PM2.5 occur every 3 years period. Most areas in Seoul require more systematic management of PM2.5. Conclusion: In this paper, accurate prediction and analysis of high concentration of PM2.5 were attempted. The results of this research could provide the basis for the Seoul Metropolitan Government to establish policies for reducing PM2.5 and measuring its effects.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2006

The PAMS data collected at four sites in Seoul metropolitan area in 2004 were analyzed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) technique, in order to identify the possible sources and estimate their contributions to ambient VOCs. Ten sources were then resolved at Jeongdong, Bulgwang, Yangpyeong, and Seokmo, including vehicle exhaust, LPG vehicle, petroleum evaporation, coating, solvent, asphalt, LNG, Industry & heating, open burning, and biogenic source. The PMF analysis results showed that vehicle exhaust commonly contributed the largest portion of the predicted total VOCs mass concentration, more than $30\%$ at four sites. The contribution of other resolved sources were significantly different according to the characteristics of site location. In the case of Jeongdong and bulgwang located in urban area, various anthropogenic sources such as coating, solvent, asphalt, residual LPG, and petroleum evaporation contributed about $40\%$ of total VOCs mass. On the other hand, at yangpyeong and Seokmo located in rural and remote area, the portion of these anthropogenic sources was reduced to less than $30\%$ and the contribution of natural sources including open burning and biogenic source clearly observed. These results were considerably corresponding to the emission inventory investigated in this region.