• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.636-640
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• 2000

Cup-plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) has potential to produce high biomass and highly digestible forage in the wetlands where other productive forages do not grow or produce well. However, high moisture content at harvest is a considerable disadvantage of cup-plant for the production of high quality silage. This study was conducted to determine the effect of moisture content on the characteristics of cup-plant silage. Harvested cup-plant was ensiled in farm scale plastic bag silos and laboratory silos. In the plastic bag silos, first growth (FG) and regrowth (RG) cup-plant was harvested, wilted and ensiled. Dry matter content of FG and RG was 280 g/kg and 320 g/kg after 48 hr of wilting. The silage made with FG had pH 5.3 and 5.63 g/kg DM of acetate as a major volatile fatty acid. The composition of lactate, butyrate and acetate production was 1.0: 0.9: 2.3. The pH of silage made with RG was 4.5 and lactate was a major fermentation end product (16.8 g/kg DM). In the laboratory silos, wilted and unwilted first growth cup-plant material was ensiled to compare the early fermentation end products at days 2, 4, 11, and 40. Wilting increased dry matter content by 42% in the harvested material. Wilted silage showed about one unit lower pH until day 11. The contents of ammonia nitrogen and acetate were higher in un wilted silage, while that of lactate was higher in wilted silage (p<0.05). Butyrate and propionate were not detected in the wilted silage until day 40. We conclude from the results that moisture control is essential for the production of high quality cup-plant silage and high pH of cup-plant silage is due to low concentrations of fermentation end products.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.107-127
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• 2002

Database system parameter tuning is one of database system tuning that achieve to improve performance of database system with application program tuning and data model tuning. By parameter tuning adjusts value of entry that is staled in data dictionary's parameter file that is included to database system, it is thing which make relevant database system can display performance of most suitable. And, it is that achievement is one o( possible tuning method immediately without occurrence of additional expense or involved hardware for database system performance elevation and ashes composition of software. But, it is actuality that administration about parameter practical use is not achieved, and is using Default Value of parameter that database management system offers just as it is systematically. So, this paper presents parameter tuning process that can ：achieve Parameter tuning of database system that is operating present systematically, and parameter tuning process each activity important input urea and tuning achievement product. And explain about effect and result that happen by sort database system performance and parameters that it is affinity systematically, and grasp relationships between parameter, and change parameter of string database system. And not that parameter uses contents that specify by fixing when establish database administration system, is going to emphasize and explain that must utilize changing continuously during database system operation. It changes parameter entry value how in various kinds different operation environment and present if must apply, and will arrange effect that this parameter enoy value alteration gets in performance liking into account point that is actuality that is using parameter that define database administrators when install the database system just as it is continually without alteration.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.34-44
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• 1984

대두(大豆)요구르트 제품의 품질을 향상시키고 소화율이 증진된 제품을 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 대두(大豆), 탈지대두(脫脂大豆) 및 발아대두(發芽大豆)를 원료로 대두(大豆)요구르트를 제조하였다. 이때 제조과정중의 각종성분, 생균수 및 당류의 변화를 측정하고, 기호성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Lactobacillus acidophilus의 초기산생성은 탈지두유에서 가장 높았고, 균의 생육은 발아두유에서 가장 왕성하였다. 2. 두유에 2% glucose를 첨가하면 산생성은 촉진되었다. 3. 대두유 및 탈지두유에 환원탈지유(還元脫脂乳)의 첨가로 산생성은 촉진되었으나, 발아두유에 있어서는 첨가효과가 인정되지 않았다. 4. 대두를 발아처리하면 raffinose와 stachyose의 함량은 감소되었고 glucose는 증가하였다. 5. 두유를 젖산발효시키면 raffinose나 stachyose의 함량은 감소되었다. 6. 관능검사(官能儉査)결과 발아두유에 10%의 환원세지유(還元稅脂乳)를 첨가하여 조제한 발아대두요구르트가 풍미면에서 가장 양호하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.430-440
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• 1998

이상의 결과로 돼지고기는 비교적 미생물 오염도가 낮아 1kGy 조사로 저온성 미생물을 제외한 오염미생물의 생육을 검출한계 이하로 감소시킬 수 있었으며 모든 오염미생물의 살균을 위해서는 3kGy의 선량이 요구되었다. 감마선조사와 저장기간에 따른 일반성분 변화의 경우 수분함량에 있어서만이 저장기간에 따라 다소 감소되었으며, pH 및 산도는 감마선 조사에 의한 영향은 없었으나 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 pH는 증가하고 산도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 총 아미노산 조성에서는 가장 많이 검출된 것이 glutamic acid였고, 저장기간에 따른 함량변화는 거의 없었으며 감마선 조사에 의한 영향도 매우 미비하였다. 무기질 함량의 경우 주요 무기질성분으로 potassium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium 순이었고 감마선 조사에 의한 조성변화는 없었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to search for the effective mass customized fashion design process based on internet shopping, so that a total of fifteen models of mass customized fashion design processes which are different in the customized degree and in the composition of design elements was proposed in this study, and to compare their efficiencies and appropriateness with those of the existing fashion design process. The data was obtained from a survey of 180 Korean females in their twenties and thirties from Nov 17th to 29th, 2002. The results of this study were summarized as follows: First, more than half of the whole respondents appeared to prefer mass customized products. Therefore, the mass customized design process was considered to be applicable to some sectors in the present domestic clothing market. Second, Respondents generally preferred the designs by mass customized design process model to those by existing fashion design process. However, satisfaction on the designs done by the mass customized design process suggesting only one choice to prosumers was lower than that of existing fashion design process. This result suggested that mass customized fashion design process enabling at least two choices should be presented to prosumers in order to increase their design satisfaction. In addition, the design process models suggesting more that three choices presented higher satisfaction than existing fashion design process.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

An isolate of Peanut stunt virus (PSV) isolated from black locust tree (Robinia pseudo-acacia L.) showing severe mosaic and malformation symptoms, was designated as PSV-Rp. PSV-Rp was characterized by the tests of host range, physical properties, RNA and coat protein composition and RT-PCR analysis. Nucleotide sequences of the cucumoviruses CP genes were also used for identification and differentiation of PSV-Rp. Six plant species were used in the host range test of PSV-Rp. PSV-Rp could be differentiated from each Cucumovirus strain used as a control by symptoms of the plants. The physical properties of PSV-Rp virus were TIP $65^{\circ}C$, DEP $10^{-3}$, and LIP $2{\sim}3$ days. In dsRNA analysis, PSV-Rp consisted of four dsRNAs, but satellite RNA was not detected. Analysis of the coat proteins by SDS-PAGE showed one major protein band of about 31 kDa. RT-PCR using a part of Cucumovirus RNA3 specific primer amplified ${\sim}950bp$ DNA fragments from the crude sap of virus-infected black locust leaves. RFLP analysis of the RT-PCR product could differential PSV-RP from CMV The nucleotide sequence identity between the PSV-Rp CP and the TAV-P CP genes and the PS-V-RP CP and CMV-Y CP genes were 61.6% and 40.5%, respectively. On the other hand, the nucleotide sequence identity of the PSV-Rp CP gene was $70.9%{\sim}73.4%$ in comparison with those of PSV subgroup I (PSV-ER and PSV-J) and 67.3% with that of PSV subgroup II(PSV-W). Especially, the nucleotide sequence identity of PSV-Rp CP gene and that of PSV-Mi that was proposed recently as the type member of a novel PSV subgroup III was 92.4%.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2017

This study investigates fire-retardant performances and combustion/thermal characteristics of fire-retardant treated wood by comparing them with those of fire-retardant untreated wood from the expreimental resutls of cone calorimeter and thermo-gravimetric(TG) analyzer. Hazardousness of combustion product gases for fire-retardant treated wood and untreasted wood were also observed from the results of internal finish material incombustibility test according to the Korea standard code of KS F 2271. In this study, we also tried to improve the fire retardant performance of wood by applying fire-retardant chemical composites, and to secure the fire safety performance in buildings. Red pine (Pinus densiflora) was selected as a test specimen because it is mostly used as a building material in Korea. Fire retardant chemical composites (FRCs) were prepared by mixing boron, phosphorous, and nitrogen species and treated by press-impregnation method. Water-based FRCs were composed of 3% boric acid($H_3BO_3$), 3% borax decahydrate($Na_2B_4O_7$), 8% ammonium carbonate($(NH_4)_2CO_3$), diammonium phosphate ($(NH_4)_2HPO_4$) varied from 10-30% and potassium carbonate($K_2CO_3$) varied from 10-30%. From the test results of cone calorimeter, TG analysis and gas hazard assessments, newly proposed were the optimal composition and production methods of FRCs which can sufficiently meet fire-retardant level 3 based on Korea law of construction. Thus, the FRCs, developed in this study, are anticipated to contribute to the improvement of fire safety and widespread of usage in wood as building materials.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were 1) to examine the conceptual structure of shopping value, fashion shopping mall attributes and emotions related to internet shopping, 2) to compare between hedonic consumers and utility consumers of fashion shopping mall attributes, emotions and purchasing intention and 3) to investigate the effects of shopping value, fashion shopping mall attributes, emotions and purchasing intention on purchasing behavior in internet fashion shopping malls. Data were obtained from 423 internet fashion shopping mall consumers who have bought products or visited an internet fashion shopping mall. The data were analyzed by using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, t-test and discriminant analysis. The results showed that shopping values perceived by internet fashion shopping mall consumers consisted of two factors: Hedonic value and Utility value. Internet fashion shopping mall attributes were composed of Visual information, Loading speed, Space composition, Product assortment, Checkout service and Help desk. Emotions were composed of Excitement Confidence, Displeasure and Uneasiness. There results demonstrated that hedonic consumers were more likely to perceive the factors of fashion shopping mail attributes, to experience various, emotions and to have more purchasing intention than utility consumers. Additionally, the findings suggest that shopping value is important in predicting the purchasing behavior of consumers' at internet fashion shopping malls. They gave insights into the promotion development of internet fashion shopping malls. Implications are drawn for the information useful to consumer behavior researchers and retailers of internet fashion shopping malls.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1386-1398
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• 2010

Soybean contains a high concentration of carbohydrates that consist mainly of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and oligosaccharides. The NSP can be divided into insoluble NSP (mainly cellulose) and soluble NSP (composed mainly of pectic polymers, which are partially soluble in water). Monogastric animals do not have the enzymes to hydrolyze these carbohydrates, and thus their digestion occurs by means of bacterial fermentation. The fermentation of soybean carbohydrates produces short chain fatty acids that can be used as an energy source by animals. The utilization efficiency of the carbohydrates is related to the chemical structure, the level of inclusion in the diet, species and age of the animal. In poultry, soluble NSP can increase digesta viscosity, reduce the digestibility of nutrients and depress growth performance. In growing pigs, these effects, in particular the effect on gut viscosity, are often not so obvious. However, in weaning piglets, it is reported that soy oligosaccharides and soluble NSP can cause detrimental effects on intestinal health. In monogastrics, consideration must be given to the anti-nutritive effect of the NSP on nutrient digestion and absorption on one hand, as well as the potential benefits or detriments of intestinal fermentation products to the host. This mirrors the needs for i) increasing efficiency of utilization of fibrous materials in monogastrics, and ii) the maintenance and improvement of animal health in antibiotic-free production systems, on the other hand. For example, ethanol/water extraction removes the low molecular weight carbohydrate fractions, such as the oligosaccharides and part of the soluble pectins, leaving behind the insoluble fraction of the NSP, which is devoid of anti-nutritive activities. The resultant product is a high quality soy protein concentrate. This paper presents the composition and chemical structures of carbohydrates present in soybeans and discusses their nutritive and anti-nutritive effects on digestion and absorption of nutrients in pigs and poultry.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.633-637
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• 2004

The experiment of silage for preservation of fresh Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) was carried out to examine whether the fermentation quality and microbial degradation in the rumen can be altered by the treatment of amino acids fermentation byproduct (AFB). The plant was ensiled for 40 days with 4 treatments of different ratios of AFB and sugarcane molasses (SCM) mixture. The treatment 2 (T2, AFB:SCM=100:0) and treatment 3 (T3, AFB:SCM=40:60) silages showed higher (p<0.05) concentrations of lactic acids, lower (p<0.05) pH and dry matter (DM) losses than the Control (T1, none additive) and treatment (T4, AFB:SCM=0:100) silages. The treatments 2 and 3 contained higher (p<0.05) DM and crude protein contents in silages compared to treatments 1 and 4 silages. The NDF, ADF and cellulose contents were also lower (p<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4 silages than T1 silage and fresh material before ensiled. The in situ rumen DM, NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose degradability was also higher (p<0.05) in T2, T3 and T4 silages than T1 silage, while the highest improvement was achieved with addition of AFB:SCM at level of 40:60 at ensiling. The result in this study indicates that the addition of AFB and SCM additives improved the silage fermentation and cell wall degradability of Italian ryegrass silage.