• Composites Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

이 논문에서는 강수도관에 사용되는 GFRP관의 구조적 거동에 대한 실험적, 이론적 연구의 결과를 제시하였으며, 관의 단면은 두개의 CFRP층과 그 층 사이의 폴리머 모르타르 층으로 구성되어 있다. GFRP는 경량성, 부식저항성, 관의 내부 표면조도 향상, 유연성 등이 뛰어나기 때문에 강수 계통의 관으로써 시용이 계속적으로 증가되고 있는 추세이다. 그러므로 더욱 최적화된 구조설계법이 개발되어야 한다. 이 연구에서 CFRF관의 하중-원주방향변위에 대한 특성을 이론적, 해석적으로 조사 하였으며 추가적으로 원강성시험을 하였다. 시험결과를 이론적, 해석적 연구결과와 비교하였으며, 원주방향의 변위가 5% 이내에서는 결과들이 서로 잘 일치하였다. 결과적으로 상수도 계통에 사용되는 CFRP관은 업계의 요구조건을 충분히 만족함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2018

유리섬유강화폴리에스테르 복합소재는 지중 매설 파이프, 탱크용 구조재, 선체 등 가혹한 환경에서 구조재로 널리 사용되고 있으며, 장기 내수성을 필요로 하는 소재이다. 특히, 물에 잠겨 있을 때 삼투압으로 인하여 겔코트와 복합소재의 박리 등 열화가 진행된다. 본 연구에서는 지중 매설 파이프로 활용되는 GFRP 복합소재의 내구성 향상을 위해 인퓨전(진공성형) 공정으로 UPE (unsaturated polyester) 겔코트 표면 처리한 복합소재를 제작하여, 고온 수침 환경 ($65^{\circ}C$, $75^{\circ}C$, $85^{\circ}C$)에서의 표면 결함 및 크랙 발생과 경도 변화 특성을 확인하였다. 마이크로 CT 단층 촬영을 통하여 수침 온도에 따른 크랙의 침투 깊이를 조사하였으며, $75^{\circ}C$와 $85^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 크랙이 복합소재까지 침투하여 내구성을 저하시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 최초 크랙이 발생하는 지점을 고장시간으로 정의하고 아레니우스식을 활용하여 $23^{\circ}C$ 상온에서의 수명 예측을 실시하였다. 본 연구로 토목, 건축, 해양산업분야 등 겔코트가 적용되는 다양한 산업분야의 신뢰성 평가에 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.537-543
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• 2018

Mechanical shear connectors are commonly used to transfer longitudinal shear forces across the steel-concrete interface in composite beams. Steel pipe as a new shear connector is proposed in this research and its performance to achieve composite strength is investigated. Experimental monotonic push-out tests were carried out for this connector. Then, a nonlinear finite element model of the push-out specimens is developed and verified against test results. Further, the finite element model is used to investigate the effects of pipe thickness, length and diameter on the shear strength of the connectors. The ultimate strengths of these connectors are reported and their respective failure modes are discussed. This paper comprises of the push-out tests of ten specimens on this shear connector in both the vertical and horizontal positions in different reinforced concretes. The results of experimental tests are given as load-deformation plots. It is concluded that the use of these connectors is very effective and economical in the medium shear demand range of 150-350 KN. The dominant failure modes observed were either failure of concrete block (crushing and splitting) or shear failure of pipe connector. It is shown that the horizontal pipe is not as effective as vertical pipe shear connector and is not recommended for practical use. It is shown that pipe connectors are more effective in transferring shear forces than channel and stud connectors. Moreover, based on the parametric study, a formula is presented to predict the pipe shear connectors' capacity.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.793-803
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• 2019

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) beam-columns are widely used owing to their good performance. They have high strength, ductility, large energy absorption capacity and low costs. Externally stiffened CFST beam-columns are not used widely due to insufficient design equations that consider all parameters affecting their behavior. Therefore, effect of various parameters (global, local slenderness ratio and adding hoop stiffeners) on the behavior of CFST columns is studied. An experimental study that includes twenty seven specimens is conducted to determine the effect of those parameters. Load capacities, vertical deflections, vertical strains and horizontal strains are all recorded for every specimen. Ratio between outer diameter (D) of pipes and thickness (t) is chosen to avoid local buckling according to different limits set by codes for the maximum D/t ratio. The study includes two loading methods on composite sections: steel only and steel with concrete. The case of loading on steel only, occurs in the connection zone, while the other load case occurs in steel beam connecting externally with the steel column wall. Two failure mechanisms of CFST columns are observed: yielding and global buckling. At early loading stages, steel wall in composite specimens dilated more than concrete so no full bond was achieved which weakened strength and stiffness of specimens. Adding stiffeners to the specimens increases the ultimate load by up to 25% due to redistribution of stresses between stiffener and steel column wall. Finally, design equations previously prepared are verified and found to be only applicable for medium and long columns.

• Composites Research
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2001

필라멘트 와인딩 연소관의 제작에 있어서 라이너 표면의 형상과 와인딩되는 섬유각도는 제작 공정상의 편의와 제작 후 구조물의 성능에 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 두 개의 반구를 합친 험상의 라이너 위에 와인딩된 로켓 연소관의 유한 요소 해석을 수행하였다. 32개의 스트레인 게이지를 표면에 부탁한 후 수압실험을 실시하여 유만 요소 해석 과정을 검증하였고, 웨이퍼(wafer)를 통한 국부적 보강 방법에 대한 해석을 수행하였다. 파손에 따른 재료의 비선형 거동을 고려한 점진적 파손 해석을 통해 연소관의 과열 압력과 취약부위에 대한 연구를 수행하였다.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

GRP pipe (Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic Pipe) lines making use of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) are generally thinner, lighter, and stronger than the existing concrete or steel pipe lines, and it is excellent in stiffness/strength per unit weight. In this study, we present the result of field test for buried GRP pipes with large diameter(2,400mm). The vertical and horizontal ring deflections are measured for 387 days. The short-term deflection measured by the field test is compared with the result predicted by the Iowa formula. In addition, the long-term ring deflection is predicted by using the procedure suggested in ASTM D 5365(ANNEX) in the range of 40 to 60 years of service life of the pipe based on the experimental results. From the study, it was found that the long-term vertical and horizontal ring deflection up to 60 years is less than the 5% ring deflection limitation.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2008

This study surveys the types of form works used for constructing composite basement walls found in domestic construction sites. Based on expert surveys, the research provides criteria for selecting a form work type and cost-benefit analysis for different types of form works. In selecting a form work type, safety was considered the most important factor. It is induced from the survey that a successful construction requires a form work type that could solidly bear the lateral pressure of concrete rather than other types that cut back the cost and shorten the construction period. In the cost-benefit analysis, the benefit was the highest in 'euro-form+soldier system', and the cost was most competent in 'rib-lath+soldier system'. In considering benefit and cost together, 'euro-form+soldier system' was judged to be the best option. This is likely to be attributed to the following reasons: site workers are familiar with euro-forms because it is the most widely used; and, soldier system is more reliable in bearing lateral pressure compared to steel pipes.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2024

In the oil and gas industry, composite materials should exhibit high flexibility and strength for offshore structures. Therefore, weak points in the composites should be improved, such as brittleness, moisture penetration, and diffusion of detrimental ions into nanometric pores. This study aimed to increase the strength, flexibility, and plugging of nanopores using single-layer graphene oxide (SGO) nanosheets. Therefore, SGO is added to unsaturated polyester resin at concentrations of 0.015 and 0.15 % with Normal Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent for the formation of Nanographene Oxide Reinforced Polymer (NGORP). The mechanical properties of the prepared samples were tested using tensile testing (ASTM-D 638). It has been shown that incorporating SGO, approximately 0.015%, into the base resin resulted in enhanced properties such as rupture resistance forces increased by 745.61 N, applied stress tolerances increased by 4.1 MPa, longitude increased to 1.58 mm, elongation increased by about 2.38%, and rupture energy increased by about 204.51 J. Despite the decrease in tensile force strength properties in the manufactured nanocomposite with 0.15% SGO, it has exclusive flexibility properties such as a high required energy level for rupture of 5,576 times and a formability of 40% more than the base sample. It would be best to use NGORP manufactured from 0.015% nanosheets with exclusive properties rather than base samples for constructing parts and equipment, such as rebars, composite sheets, and transmission pipes, on offshore platforms.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제89권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2024

The nonlinear snap-through buckling of functionally graded (FG) carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTRC) curved tubes is analytically investigated in this research. It is assumed that the FG-CNTRC curved tube is supported on a three-parameter nonlinear elastic foundation and is subjected to the uniformly distributed pressure and thermal loads. Properties of the curved nanocomposite tube are distributed across the radius of the pipe and are given by means of a refined rule of mixtures approach. It is also assumed that all thermomechanical properties of the nanocomposite tube are temperature-dependent. The governing equations of the curved tube are obtained using a higher-order shear deformation theory, where the traction free boundary conditions are satisfied on the top and bottom surfaces of the tube. The von Kármán type of geometrical non-linearity is included into the formulation to consider the large deflection in the curved tube. Equations of motion are solved using the two-step perturbation technique for nanocomposite curved tubes which are simply-supported and clamped. Closed-form expressions are provided to estimate the snap-buckling resistance of FG-CNTRC curved pipes rested on nonlinear elastic foundation in thermal environment. Numerical results are given to explore the effects of the distribution pattern and volume fraction of CNTs, thermal field, foundation stiffnesses, and geometrical parameters on the instability of the curved nanocomposite tube.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2022

이중 강-콘크리트 합성말뚝의 설계를 위한 지지력 평가 방법이 정립되지 않아 기존 강관말뚝 설계 지지력식이 활용되고 있다. 그러나 이들 설계식 간 지지력 예측 결과가 상이할 뿐만 아니라 일반적으로 가장 보수적인 결과를 채택하게 된다. 이러한 말뚝 지지력 평가방법은 설계의 신뢰성 및 경제성을 낮추게 된다. 본 논문은 수직하중을 받는 이중 강관 내 콘크리트 채움된 신형식 합성단면(DSCT) 말뚝의 역학적 거동을 수치해석적으로 조사하고, 여러 DSCT 말뚝 조건변화에 따른 연직지지력을 분석하였다. DSCT 말뚝 및 인접지반에 대한 축대칭 유한요소모델을 생성하였고, 이를 활용해 근입깊이, 말뚝 선단 채움재 강성, 말뚝 선단 채움재 높이, 기반암층 종류 변화에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 해석결과를 말뚝 설계 실무에서 주로 사용하는 선단 지지력 평가식과 비교하여 합성말뚝에 대한 기존 강관말뚝 지지력 산정식의 활용 가능성을 검토하였다.