• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.291-296
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gardening programs using vertical gardens on helplessness, depression, and self-esteem in patients with chronic mental disorders. This study was applied to 21 patients with chronic mental disorder who were admitted to the rehabilitation hospital of E Hospital in Seoul from June to October 2018. The group was treated as an experimental group (N = 21) 5 times a week. For 20 weeks, each session lasted 30 minutes. Patients in the experimental group programmed 4 sessions of general occupational therapy, which combined treatments to improve cognition and training, and 1 session of a horticultural program using a vertical garden. Helplessness, depression, and self-esteem were evaluated for pre and post evaluation of the horticultural program. After completing the program, the average score of helplessness in the experimental group decreased by 0.91 points from 47.38 to 46.47, and there was a statistically significant change (p=0.043). The mean score of depression in the experimental group was 9.23 before and after 9.08, which was statistically significant (p = 0.035). The average score of self-esteem in the experimental group increased by 3.14 points from 27.99 to 31.13 at a statistically significant level (p = 0.001). This result suggests that a gardening program using vertical gardens has an effect on helplessness, depression, and self-esteem in patients with chronic mental disorders. And this means that long-term plans and effective programs for recovery from chronic mental disorders to the community are needed. With a horticultural work program using a vertical garden, the helplessness of the mentally impaired in a closed treatment space is restored, and such treatment space needs to be increased.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.87-94
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• 2019

In this paper, the method of analyzing the unformatted data of consumers accumulated on social networks in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution by utilizing data from the service design and social psychology aspects was proposed. First, the fandom phenomenon, which shows subjective and collective behavior in a space on a social network rather than physical space, was defined from a data service perspective. The fandom model has been transformed into a collective level of customer Persona that has been analyzed at a personal level in traditional service design, and social network analysis that analyzes consumers' big data has been presented as an efficient way to pattern and visually analyze it. Consumer data collected through social leasing were pre-processed by column based on correlation, stability, missing, and ID-ness. Based on the above data, the company's brand strategy was divided into active and passive interventions and the effect of this strategic attitude on the growth direction of the consumer's fandom community was analyzed. To this end, the fandom model of consumers was proposed by dividing it into four strategies that the brand strategy had: stand-alone, decentralized, integrated and centralized, and the fandom shape of consumers was proposed as a growth model analysis technique that analyzes changes over time.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to draw safe environmental project factors for enhancing the safety of children in peripheral space around children's park and suggest environmental project measures for peripheral spaces around children's parks, based on the survey of children's park users' consciousness on peripheral spaces. Physical space range for this study was limited to low-rise housing area wihtin the radius of 250m, as peripheral spaces around children's parks in which children's playgrounds were built. In addition, the target areas for examining users' consciousness on peripheral spaces around children's parks were selected according to following criteria. 1)areas with highter portion of children; 2) those with higher portion of single-family houses/multi-housing/tenement houses, which constitute low-rise housing areas; and 3) those with higher safety accident rate of children, which was measured based on criminal and traffic accidents. The finding are as follows: first, users' consciousness on safety accidents that are likely to occur in peripheral spaces around children's parks was examined to show that there is most prominent difference between satisfaction and necessity. This result suggests that users are clearly conscious of the necessity of environmental improvement rather than the satisfaction with the current peripheral environment around children's park.; second, for the difference between satisfaction with and necessity of environmental project factors for access/boundary spaces around children's pakrs, there is most significant difference between the satisfaction with and the necessity of establishment of facilities against illegal parking for clear visibility of community roads, for access spaces, and the separate establishment of bicycle racks around main entry into parks, for boundary spaces. Users' necessity of the establishment of them is judged to be derived from the fact that the safety of children and even adults is threatened, because bicycles invaded into the deep inside of children parks. This study analyzed a correlation between satisfaction and necessity through factor and IPA analysis, and should be initially considenred if the future environmental improvement project would be conducted to promote safe environment in peripheral spaces around children's parks in the future. It will be necessary to provide practical environmental project factors through a field investigation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2021

This paper focuses on the situation in which, as pluralistic democracy spreads globally from the mid-20th century, the concept of publicness, the reason for the existence of traditional public art, is not limited to the physicality of occupying public space or the conditions for creation by public funds, but is seeking a new direction and examine the social significance of these changes. For this purpose, the main body of this paper analyzes the major public art projects of Freee Art Collective who were active in the UK in the early 2000s. Freee performed various public art projects in which individuals constituting a community critically reflect on political, social, and economic issues related to public goods and provide a discourse space for democratic discussion. Their practice suggested a methodology for socially-engaged public art that resists the "Third Way" cultural policy of the New Labour administration. Therefore, this paper argues that Freee's public art seeks alternatives to publicness in that it allows one to resistively think about problematic aspects of hegemonic cultural production of neoliberal cultural policy that pursues political consensus and social harmony. This research about Freee's public art would be significant in that it can serve as an opportunity for critical reflection on the contemplative form and public role of contemporary public art.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2022

Currently the population of rural areas in Korea continue to decline due to low birth rate, aging population, and migration. This phenomenon is accelerated over time. And as a result, there are some declining phenomenon in rural society. And it is same in the residential and basic living conditions of rural villages. The increase ratio of empty houses exacerbates the rural landscape, acts as a cause of crime and bring out various social and economic problems such as worsening settlement conditions and local slums. The study is carried out to prevent this phenomenon by investigating the architectural contents of empty houses in the village, surveyed residents and owners and finally analyzed and synthesized to make a plan to utilize empty houses in the village. This study was conducted from June to December 2021. The conclusions are followings: 1. The empty houses in Korea were 1,511 million in 2020, 8.2% of the total number of houses, whereas those in Jeollabuk-do were 95,412, 12.9% of those of houses, and those in Gimje-city, the subject of this study, were 5,944. It is up to 15.8%. In particular, empty houses in Hacheon village, the site of this study, accounted for the highest ratio, with 25% of the total number of houses. 2. To understand the utilization and improvement of empty houses, surveys and interviews were conducted to residents and owners of Hacheon village in Gimje, and most of the residents submit proposals that empty houses were not desirable in terms of village landscape and safety. The owners don't have intentions of selling or leasing them. They want to remodel them and rent for a specific period. 3. As the physical condition of the empty houses(9empty houses) 6 empty houses of them are good. 4 of them are in poor condition. 4. By synthesizing these contents, nine empty houses in Hacheon village will be remodeled as the space for those of rural start-up young people, smart farm area, community space and rental housings for rural returnees.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.967-975
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• 2022

Kombucha mutualistic community (KMC) is composed by acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, producing fermented tea with health benefits. As part of the BIOlogy and Mars EXperiment (BIOMEX) project, the effect of Mars-like conditions on the KMC was analyzed. Here, we analyzed metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of the Komagataeibacter, which is a predominant genus in KMC, to understand their roles in the KMC after exposure to Mars-like conditions (outside the International Space Station) based on functional genetic elements. We constructed three MAGs: K. hansenii, K. rhaeticus, and K. oboediens. Our results showed that (i) K. oboediens MAG functionally more complex than K. hansenii, (ii) K. hansenii is a keystone in KMCs with specific functional features to tolerate extreme stress, and (iii) genes related to the PPDK, betaine biosynthesis, polyamines biosynthesis, sulfate-sulfur assimilation pathway as well as type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, quorum sensing (QS) system, and cellulose production could play important roles in the resilience of KMC after exposure to Mars-like stress. Our findings show the potential mechanisms through which Komagataeibacter tolerates the extraterrestrial stress and will help to understand minimal microbial composition of KMC for space travelers.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.215-239
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• 2022

All public libraries are local public goods and cultural infrastructures whose ideological pillars are publicly operated, free, and open to all. This identity is justified when the public library provides various knowledge information, various programs, and community space to local residents within the service area, and ultimately contributes to the cultural development of the nation and society. To this end, the country and local governments must expand the number of individuals that meet legal standards, deploy competent professionals, and provide facilities and spaces that are easy to access and use. However, if there is a gap in infrastructure and services between regional public libraries, it causes inequality in access and use of residents, which inevitably leads to information gap and cultural welfare gap. Therefore, this study was analyzed the relative gap using the location quotient, key infrastructure indicators and service indicators of public libraries of regional government in Korea and basic local government in the Chungnam region from the viewpoint that the balanced development and capacity building of public libraries must precede the establishment of a public library in Chungnam region as a life-friendly knowledge information service institution, culture enjoyment and lifelong learning space. Based on the results, a method to resolve the gap was suggested by dividing the elements of gaps in public libraries into accessibility, core infrastructure, and services, focusing on vulnerable cities and counties in the Chungnam region.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.20
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• pp.279-292
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• 2015

As the aging society is rapidly coming, the needs for the elderly-friendly living environments was also increasing. The purpose of this study was to examine how frequently 25 neighborhood facilities were used by the elderly and what facility they wanted to be arranged within their walking distance. The subject of this study were 158 elderlies who were their ages of more than 65 years and lived in Busan. The data were collected by using an one to one interview method. Findings were as follows; 1) The elderly used very frequently facility for the elderly such as a senior center, walking road, and park and green space. Also, bus stop, traditional market, and resting facilities were used relatively frequently. 2) Some neighborhood facilities were used not frequently, but periodically. 3) Using frequencies of some neighborhood facilities were different by the elderly's characteristics. 4) Among 25 neighborhood facilities, the facilities which the old persons wanted to be arranged within walking distance were medical clinics, facilities for the elderly, subway station, bus stop, traditional market, park and green space, walking road, and food market/convenience store.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Alvin Toffler mentioned that it is important for future society to keep pace with synchronization and that time deviations can hinder social development. As we experience the new normal era of untact, we have experienced an increase in non-face-to-face contact and accelerated digital transformation. Amid these rapid changes, we can maintain the need for synchronization or change in space. Therefore, we would like to study what kind of settlements people create and choose. We looked at the metaverse as an object that could indirectly find out about this, and used the content called "Animal Crossing" to collect data related to the spatial form of the metaverse. Sampling utilized a judgment sampling method during non-probability sampling to alleviate differences due to the progress of the game. The collected data was classified according to floor plan and location type and briefly organized through descriptive statistics. After matching each facility by use, data was constructed by setting coordinates for each cluster and listing them. This data was interpreted graphically on the coordinate plane for each cluster, and Euclidean analysis was performed to analyze the relationships between clusters and residential choice using a Euclidean matrix. As a result of the analysis, it could be interpreted that efficiency was pursued by arranging similar functions in close proximity. Nevertheless, when choosing a residence, it was interpreted that the intention was to create a community through arrangement adjacent to residents rather than efficiency or convenience. Due to the differences between the metaverse and the real world, it is expected that there will be limitations in equating it with reality. However, through the space expressed in the virtual world by people who are far away from the constraints of reality, we can indirectly know the wishes that we have not been able to express due to our lack of awareness.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.378-385
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• 2024

Background: Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) has been used as an effective agent since 1949 for managing complicated pleural effusion and empyema. Several agents, such as streptokinase, urokinase (UK), and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA), have been found to be effective with variable effectiveness. However, a head-tohead controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the most frequently used agents, i.e., UK and rt-PA (alteplase) for managing complicated pleural effusion has rarely been reported. Methods: A total of 50 patients were randomized in two intervention groups, i.e., UK and rt-PA. The dose of rt-PA was 10 mg, and that of UK was 1.0 lac units. UK was given thrice daily for 2 days, followed by clamping to allow the retainment of drugs in the pleural space for 2 hours. rt-PA was instilled into the pleural space twice daily for 2 days, and intercostal drainage was clamped for 1 hour. Results: A total of 50 patients were enrolled into the study, of which 84% (n=42) were males and 16% (n=8) were females. Among them, 30 (60%) patients received UK, and 20 (40%) patients received alteplase as IPFT agents. The percentage of mean±standard deviation changes in pleural opacity was -33.0%±9.9% in the UK group and -41.0%±14.9% in the alteplase group, respectively (p=0.014). Pain was the most common adverse side effect, occurring in 60% (n=18) of the patients in the UK group and in 40% (n=8) of the patients in the alteplase group (p=0.24), while fever was the second most common side effect. Patients who reported early (within 6 weeks of onset of symptoms) showed a greater response than those who reported late for the intervention. Conclusion: IPFT is a safe and effective option for managing complicated pleural effusion or empyema, and newer agents, such as alteplase, have greater efficacy and a similar adverse effect profile when compared with conventional agents, such as UK.