• 한국어학
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• 제71권
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• pp.1-22
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• 2016

The early 20th century is a period of time when Korea confronted with the surging waves of modernization, and made a variety of internal reactions. The Korean language, not immune to the upheaval, also experienced new changes and gradually gained characteristics of today's Korean. Although scholars have not yet fully agreed upon the time division of Korean, Gabo reformation (1896) is usually considered to be the beginning of modern Korean. Thus, the early 20th century was also the beginning of modern Korean. Phonological, lexical, and grammatical characteristics of modern day Korean began to appear during this period of time. Phonologically, the 10 vowel system was established, glottal sounds and aspirated sounds increased, vowel harmony declined. Phenomena such as vowel raising, front-vowelization, monophthongization, and the word-initial rule appeared. Meanwhile, hangul-Chinese mix writing became common practice, and hangul-only writing also started to take place in narrative writing, and elements of spoken language began to reflect in written language. All those pointed to the unification of written and spoken language. Under the influence of modernization, a great amount of new words appeared. Especially, Japanese and other foreign words flooded in in great quantities. Grammatically, '-eos-(-엇-), -neun-(-는-), -ges-(-겟-)' trichotomy system of tenses was established, and hearer-oriented honorific system also formed a binary system of 'hasoseo(하소서), hasibsio(하십시오), hao(하오), hage(하게), haera(해라)' and 'hae (해), haeyo(해요)'. In word formation and sentence construction, the use of '-gi(-기)' became more frequent than '-eum(-음)', while '~geot(~것)' also significantly increased. In negative, causative and passive expressions, the use of long form, which has fewer restrictions than the short form, became more frequent. A tendency towards simplicity appeared. In the same vain, long and complex sentences with several clauses tend to be avoided. Instead, short simple sentences became more favorable. Korean linguistics scholars should pay closer attention to the modernization period, which includes the early 20th century. In order to fully understand today's Korean language, more thorough research on this immediately preceding period is necessary.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.31-58
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• 2003

The main goal of this paper is to describe and analyse intensifiers, especially non-head-bound-intensifiers (NHBIs), which can be included in the discussion and analysis of these elements as focus particles. In doing so, NHBIs such as Korean susulo, casin/cache, English x-self and German selbst are dealt with in a rather cross-linguistical perspective. The pure and strict comparison between Korean, English and German is not intended. This paper is mainly concerned with the semantic domain where the respective contributions of the expressions in question overlap, which offers the common base for the discussion regarding Korean, one of the non-European languages and English and German, two European languages. They share the semantic domain ‘intensification’ regarding relevant subject-NP. They introduce an ordering distinguishing center and periphery. In contrast to head-bound-intensifiers (HBIs), however, NHBIs add self-involvement (directness of involvement) of subject-NP to the meaning of the relevant sentence. I adopt the proposals of Konig (1991), Primus (1992) and Siemund (2000) in the treatment of intensifiers as focus particles. However, I reject Konig (1991) that just NHBIs talre scope over a whole clause, Primus (1992) that NHBIs focus VPs, not NPs, and Siemund (2000) that NHBIs can be further devided into two groups, viz. NHBIs with exclusive readings and NHBIs with inclusive readings. Evidence for my position is presented mainly in the course of describing and analysing some syntactic properties and the meaning and use of NHBIs. I come to the conclusion that both the common meaning of intensifiers as focus particles and the common meaning of NHBIs of three languages can be represented by a simple logical formalism.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 2001년도 Bulletin of The 5th Asian Design Conference International Symposium on Design Science
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• pp.54.1-54
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• 2001

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제4호
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• pp.20-30
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• 1982

The aim of this paper is to analyse difficulties of the pronunciation in swedish vowels encountered by Koreans learners and to seek solutions in order to correct the possible errors. In the course of the analysis the swedish and Korean vowels in question are compared with the purpose of describing differences aha similarities between these two systems. This contrastive description is largely based on the students' articulatory speech level ana the writer's auditory , judgement . The following points are discussed : 1 ) Vowel length as a distinctive feature in Swedish compared with that of Korean. 2) A special attention is paid on the Swedish vowel [w:] that is characterized by its peculiar type of lip rounding. 3) The six pairs of Swedish vowels that are phonologically contrastive but difficult for Koreans to distinguish one from the other: [y:] ~ [w:], [i:] ~ [y:], [e:] ~ [${\phi}$:], [w;] ~ [u:] [w:] ~ [$\theta$], [$\theta$] ~ [u] 4) The r-colored vowel in the case of the postvocalic /r/ that is very common in American English is not allowed in English sound sequences. The r-colored vowel in the American English pattern has to be broken up and replaced hi-segmental vowel-consonant sequences . Korean accustomed to the American pronunciation are warned in this respect. For a more distinct articulation of the postvocalic /r/ trill [r] is preferred to fricative [z]. 5) The front vowels [e, $\varepsilon, {\;}{\phi}$) become opener variants (${\ae}, {\;}:{\ae}$] before / r / or supradentals. The results of the analysis show that difficulties of the pronunciation of the target language (Swedish) are mostly due to the interference from the Learner's source language (Korean). However, the Learner sometimes tends to get interference also from the other foreign language with which he or she is already familiar when he or she finds in that language more similarity to the target language than in his or her own mother tongue. Hence this foreign language (American English) in this case functions as a second language for Koreans in Learning Swedish.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2018

프로그래밍 언어는 4차 산업혁명시대에서 그 중요성이 증대하고 있는 소프트웨어의 핵심 교육 영역이지만 수학적 지식과 논리적 사고력을 요구하고 있어 기초 학력이 낮은 많은 수의 지방 사립대나 전문대 학생들 - 심지어 SW전공 학생들에게도 매우 어려운 과목으로 인식되고 있다. 이런 문제로 인해 SW전공 학생이 프로그래밍 언어 입문 수업 도중 전공에 대한 흥미와 자신감을 잃고 전공을 변경하거나 학업 자체를 포기하는 상황이 발생하기도 한다. 이 에 본 연구는 대표적인 프로그래밍 입문 언어인 C언어 교육에 스크래치를 활용하는 수업 모형을 설계하였다. 이를 위해, C언어가 지원하는 프로그래밍 개념들 중 스크래치로 교육 가능한 개념들을 분석하고 스크래치 실습 예제들을 개발하였다. 또한, 프로그래밍 개념에 대해서 먼저 스크래치의 구현 방식 교육과 실습 예제들을 통해 명확하게 이해하고 C언어를 교육하는 수업 모형을 설계하였고, 모 지방 사립대의 SW전공 신입생들을 대상으로 실험을 진행하여 본 수업 모형의 실효성을 검증하였다. 프로그래밍 언어 교육이 보안 관련 IT 전공자들에게도 필수적으로 요구되는 상황에서 본 연구가 그들의 프로그래밍 언어 입문 교육에 도움이 되기를 기대한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2010

English is the accepted common working language of the maritime world and being competent in its use is essential to the safety of ships, their crews and the marine environment. This paper is a response to the urgent need to find a suitable solution to the problem of providing maritime students with quality instruction in Maritime English. This paper will show what type of English instructor is best suited to help cadets have at least a basic grasp of Maritime English communication, with a view to possessing the level required by STCW 95 within the shortest time. It presents ways that maritime institutes can develop their own qualified or 'marinated' English Instructors and what qualifications should be required. It is concluded that by further essential research, interviews and questionnaires etc., the language needs of the university and shipping industry in Korea as a whole can be clearly verified. By examining such data, the present language education systems can be evaluated as to efficacy and relevance, allowing the establishment and implementation of 'best practice' within the training institute. This will result in making excellent informed decisions and choices about how best to improve the language competencies of graduating cadets, thereby creating the catalyst for the success of future seafarers whilst raising the image of the institute and Korean shipping worldwide.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2010

Filipino language is an Austronesian language based on numerous native languages with influences from other major languages such as English and Spanish. The Filipino alphabet is consists of 26 English alphabets, with the addition of two letters, "$\tilde{n}$" and "ng", a total of 28 letters. Filipino language expressions and sentences are still incomparable to English and Spanish even though there are numerous borrowed words from these languages. This study aims to discover the uniqueness in the Filipino language by identifying the frequencies of the letters in common words used and be able to introduce a revolutionary keypad for the Filipinos which is scientifically efficient. To compare the efficiency of the revised and the original keypad, computations using Fitts' Law, Hick-Hyman Law and KSPC were done. Results showed that the new keypad layout was more effective than the original keypad. Introducing a improvised keypad to the Filipinos is one step closer in achieving customized services and features to Filipinos in mobile computing.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2017

Social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SCD) is a new diagnosis included under communication disorders in the neurodevelopmental disorders section of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. SCD is defined as a primary deficit in the social use of nonverbal and verbal communication. SCD has very much in common with pragmatic language impairment, which is characterized by difficulties in understanding and using language in context and following the social rules of language, despite relative strengths in word knowledge and grammar. SCD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are similar in that they both involve deficits in social communication skills, however individuals with SCD do not demonstrate restricted interests, repetitive behaviors, insistence on sameness, or sensory abnormalities. It is essential to rule out a diagnosis of ASD by verifying the lack of these additional symptoms, current or past. The criteria for SCD are qualitatively different from those of ASD and are not equivalent to those of mild ASD. It is clinically important that SCD should be differentiated from high-functioning ASD (such as Asperger syndrome) and nonverbal learning disabilities. The ultimate goals are the refinement of the conceptualization, development and validation of assessment tools and interventions, and obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the shared and unique etiologic factors for SCD in relation to those of other neurodevelopmental disorders.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2005

본 연구는 청각장애자에게 정보통신용어를 이해시키기 위한 수화해설 사전을 만드는 것이다. 청각장애인이 인터넷을 사용할 때, 자신의 의지를 표현하고 다양한 정보에 접근하는데 이 사전을 통하여 도움을 얻는 것이다. 일반인과 같이 효율적으로 인터넷을 이용하기 위해서, 청각장애인들은 정보통신용어를 먼저 이해해야만 한다. 이 사전을 만들기 위하여, 먼저 청각장애인을 정의하고 특성을 정의하고 이 사전을 설계하는 원칙을 설정하고 어떤 용어를 사전에 넣을지 선정한다. 용어를 설명할 때, 청각장애자에게 일반적인 표현을 사용하도록 하지만 때때로 수화비디오를 만들 때 용어의 본래 의미를 유지하면서 약간 수정했다. 본 연구를 정보 교육 학습 목적으로 적용해서 ICT의 이해에 대해 두 번의 실험을 했다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the Confucius Institute Chinese international promotion could better promote the development of China's foreign trade, by analyzing the distribution of the Confucius Institute worldwide, based on the theory of language economics, using SWOT analysis to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the internal environment, opportunities and challenges of the external environment of Chinese international promotion of Confucius Institute. The following findings were gathered: as a language teaching institution and information exchange platform, Confucius Institute has the ability to share trade information and increase trade opportunities; to improve cultural identity and reduce transaction costs; to promote cultural communication and integration, and drive the development of related industries. The internal disadvantages were mainly reflected in the mismatch between the global regional distribution structure of Confucius Institutes, and the economic and trade structure, such as, the asymmetry between language, culture output, and demand. In addition, the management mechanism was not perfect. External opportunities were mainly new opportunities brought by economic globalization, cultural diversity, and the development of the Belt and Road initiative. External challenges were mainly influenced by the China threat theory and the fierce cultural competition among countries. The corresponding countermeasures were put forward based on the advantages of the platform and grasping the external opportunities: improving the quality of operation and speeding up the localization process; respecting cultural differences and realizing cultural common learning; seeking multilateral cooperation and enhancing the capacity for independent development.