• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.585-594
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of Greenhouse Effect as understood by middle school high school university students using a closed-form questionnaire. Based on results of the questionnaire which was administered to 619, the extent to which alternative concepts were held was quantified and compared the difference of various group based on grade level. gender, text and major. Also, subjects were divided into two groups, one is middle school students and the other is high school university students and common themes within conceptual framework of each group were identified by factor analysis. The result showed that students confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere and linked familiar contamination around everyday life. acid rain. radioactive contamination, nuclear arsenal to Greenhouse Effect. These trends were more appreciable in female than male, biology major than any other major and text did not make any significant difference. In addition, the result of factor analysis showed that two groups linked familiar contamination around everyday life to Greenhouse Effect and high school university students understand the consequences of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect more systematically than middle school student, perceived the relation between the origin of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect and human activity but confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived service qualities in cosmetics purchasing and, those difference and consumer satisfaction among cosmetics store types. Data were collected from 276 adult females and analyzed by using frequencies, factor analysis, reliability analysis, ANOVA and duncan test utilizing SPSS WIN 10.0. The results showed that consumers perceived service quality such as reliability and responsiveness, product policy, tangibles, store atmosphere policy, business policy, sales policy to cosmetics store. There were significant differences on service quality among cosmetics store types. Consumers using department stores highly perceived factors such as reliability and responsiveness, product policy, tangibles, store and atmosphere policy, but consumers using common cosmetics store lowly perceived these factors. There were significant differences with regard to use effect and pleasure in using to satisfaction among cosmetics store types. Use effect was revealed the highest to consumers purchasing cosmetics in department stores but the lowest in discount stores. Pleasure in using was revealed the highest consumers using department stores but the lowest common cosmetics store.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2018

Objective: This purpose of this study was to analyze articles and research trends in children's free-choice activities in major domestic journals published from 1998 to 2017. Methods: Registered research papers in academic journals from 1998 to 2017 for the National Research Foundation of Korea were analyzed in terms of trends in their annual submission numbers, research subject, research type, research area. and research theme. Results: The quantity of the studies has more than doubled since 2010 but has decreased in recent years. Studies about free-choice activities for young children held the majority of research subjects while physical subjects such as literature, class, and education plans were in the minority. Furthermore, qualitative research, fusion qualitative, and survey were the most common research types while literature review studies were less common. Most research themes were studies about contemplation, actual conditions and perception, factor analysis, and programs of free-choice activities for young children. Conclusion/Implications: Considering the results of this study, further studies on free-choice activities for young children must be conducted.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 올림픽 국가대표선수들과 일반선수들의 감각추구 성향을 비교 분석하는데 있었다. 2004년 아테네 올림픽 대한민국 대표선수로 발탁되어 태능선수촌에서 훈련 중인 261명(남:134, 여:127)의 선수들과 고등학교, 대학 및 실업팀에서 측정 당시 선수로서 활동하며, 국가대표 경력이 전혀 없는 252명(남:192, 여:60)의 일반 선수들이 피험자로 참여하였다. 다음과 같은 의미 있는 결과가 도출되었다. 첫째, 국가대표 선수들이 일반선수들에 비해 스릴과 모험추구(p<.05), 권태 민감성(p<.05), 탈제지(p<.001) 요인에서 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 경험추구 요인에서는 성별과 수준별로 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 남자 선수들이 여자 선수들에 비해 스릴과 모험추구(p<.01) 및 탈제지(p<.001) 요인에서 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 남자 선수들의 경우 스릴 및 모험추구 성향이 가장 높은데 반해 여자 선수들은 경험 추구 성향이 가장 높다는 특징을 발견하였다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.310-323
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• 2023

도시화 현상과 소득분배 문제는 세계적 관심사이며, 소득불평등에 도시화가 미치는 영향에 대한 연구들의 결과는 분석 국가와 기간마다 상이하게 나타났다. 본 연구는 2000-2021년 기간의 지역 데이터를 사용하여 우리나라 소득불평등에 도시화가 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히 지니계수에 시차 자기상관과 공간의존성 및 공통요인 효과가 존재함을 확인하고, 이를 고려한 동적공간패널회귀모형을 통해 분석하였다. 추정 결과, 지역의 도시화는 소득불평등 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 소득분배 문제의 개선을 위해 지역별 도시화를 지속적으로 추진할 필요가 있으며, 이미 도시화율이 높은 지역은 저숙련 노동자의 교육훈련 기회 확대로 임금격차를 줄임으로써 소득불평등을 감소시켜야 하며, 도시화 종착 단계에서 발생할 수 있는 역도시화 현상을 방지하기 위한 방안을 마련해야 한다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.1015-1031
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• 2022

The objectives of this study were to classify the types of elderly households and to compare the characteristics of their dietary lifestyle. Panel data surveyed by Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI) for Food Purchase Attitudes over three years (2019 - 2021) were utilized for the analysis. Through a factor analysis, five common factors were extracted out of 19 basic variables related to dietary style, which indicate two kinds of consumer competency index (safe diet, traditional diet) and three kinds of purchase frequency (healthy food, meat & fish, fresh seafood). Applying the cluster analysis method, by using socioeconomic variables along the five common factors, elderly households aged 60 or older were grouped into four types. As a result, Type 1 elderly households accounted for 50.8%, Type 2 for 16.2%, Type 3 for 27.8%, and Type 4 for 5.2% out of all 870 elderly households. Type 1 is characterized as a low-income vulnerable class with a poor diet, Type 2 as a middle-income class with a healthy food-oriented diet, whereas Type 3 was classified as a middle-income class with a meat-oriented diet, and Type 4 as a high-income class with diverse dietary culture. It is necessary to expand the agri-food voucher pilot project to the entire country and also increase the monthly subsidy for the Type 1 elderly households. Implementing community kitchen projects for elderly single-person households, promoting senior internships by providing incentives to companies that employ retirees, the provision of education by local governments on a safe and balanced diet for Types 2 and 3, and the promotion of an elderly-friendly social environment are also recommended.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to evaluate and analyze Sumjin River Basin water environment system. It was necessary to improve the water quality. The data were collected from 2010 January to 2012 December including Water Temperature, pH, DO, EC, $BOD_5$, COD, TOC, SS, T-N, T-P. The data were used to study were required to; Correlation Analysis; Principle Component Analysis; Factor Analysis. The results were as followed. According to correlation analysis on $BOD_5$ against COD, TOC it revealed that the each value of correlation coefficient were 0.715 and 0.719; this means the strength of the relationship is strong. The same analysis on T-P against $BOD_5$, COD, TOC, SS has revealed that the range of the correlation coefficient value fell between 0.482 and 0.608 which means strength of the relationship between them remained normal. Through correlation analysis, it has been found that all elements except T-N have high correlation. The results of principal component analysis to target the overall water quality was extracted to three main components. The cumulative contribution rate is 68.990%. In the case of seasonal water quality, Spring and Summer are extracted to each of four main components. The cumulative contribution rate is 81.515% and 73.550% respectively. Fall and Winter are extracted to each of three main components. The cumulative contribution rate is 65.072% and 72.721% respectively. There is no seasonality in the case of factor analysis. The first common factor is $BOD_5$, COD, TOC, SS, T-P, which were classified. Totally speaking, Sumjin River Basin water system gets highly affected by the nutrient salts, organic matter and suspended solid at the same time.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.381-392
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• 2002

본 연구는 볼링의 운동학적 변인들을 규명하고 변인들간의 관계를 분석하여 볼링의 운동학적 변인들에 대한 주요인 구조를 파악할 뿐 아니라 나아가 본 연구를 통하여 볼링 지도자와 볼러들에게 경기력 향상에 관한 유익한 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 볼링의 운동학적 변인을 분석하고 변인들간의 관계 및 중요 요인을 분석함으로써 볼러들과 지도자들에게 유익한 자료를 제공하기 위해 시도되었으며 프로 1명, 국가대표 2명, 일반 볼러 6명으로 선정하였으며 분석시 방향의 일치성을 위해 모두 오른손잡이로 선정하였다. 스트라이크 포켓 존(1-3번핀 사이)에 볼이 진입된 시기만을 선택하였으며 선택된 시기 가운데 스트라이크가 발생된 3회의 시기와 스트라이크가 발생되지 않는 3회의 시기로 총 54회의 시기 가운데 2회의 시기를 제외하고 52회의 시기를 선택하여 분석하였다. 볼링의 운동학적 변인들의 집단간 차이를 보기위한 t-test결과 x1(오른쪽 어깨 위치), x2(볼중심 위치), x8(볼의 회전수), x9(손끝 위치), x10(손등위치), x11(손끝 속도), x12(손등 속도), x13(손등 각도)는 집단간 유의한 차이가 나타났지만, x3(오른쪽 어깨 속도), x5(오른쪽 손목 각도), x6(오른쪽 어깨 각도), x7(소요시간)은 집단간 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. x8(볼의 회전수)의 경우 우수집단이 $12.25{\pm}0.90$, 비우수집단이 $8.39{\pm}1.88$로 집단간 평균차는 3.86이며 p<.001수준에서 t = 7.48로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 요인점수는 관측대상이 각 변수에 대해 회답한 결과를 요인별 가중치를 이용하여 요인 공간상의 점수로 변환시켜 연구자가 각 관측대상의 요인 공간상의 위치를 파악할 수 있게 해준다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.995-1007
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to examine on breast shapes of elderly women and provide fundamental data for developing brassiere. Numerous anthropometric measurements and other related data from 398 subjects were analyzed by various statistical methods such as ANOVA, Correlation analysis, Factor analysis and Cluster analysis. 1. Analysis of Breast Measurements The subjects were categorized into three groups(Group I; aged 55 to 64, Group II; aged 65 to 74, Group III; aged more than 75). 1) The results of the comparative analysis of anthropometric data from three groups show that by getting older: - $\circled1$ Breast lengths, widths, heights and bust girths are decreased significantly $\circled2$ Various length measurements related to the drooping degree of breast are increased $\circled3$ Some measurements related to the volume of breast are decreased. 2) The results of the correlation analysis among measurement show that there are no directs linear relationships between under bust girth and bust drooping. Further it turned out that the cup size could be used as a factor explaining the volume of breast due to large subject variation, Thus it is required to have more specific information about the breast volume. 2. Analysis of Breast Shapes 1) From 17 measurements, 5 factor were selected as key factors for the factor analysis of breast analysis of breast shapes. The 5 factors are: $\circled1$ Drooping degree of breast $\circled2$ slope between breast and chest, width of bust point $\circled3$ Contours and prominence of breast at the point of front and side $\circled4$ Breast volume $\circled5$ Breast width. 2) We categorized the breast shapes into three types by Cluster analysis. Type 1 is the most common breast shape in elderly women. $\circled1$ Type L: Not too droopy and large breast $\circled2$ Type 2: A little droopy and small breast $\circled3$ Type 3; Very droopy and wide breast

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.631-642
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• 1998

Fall-out particles were collected by the modified British deposit gauges at 35 sampling sites in Suwon area from January to November, 1996. Twenty chemical species (Al. Ba, Cd, Cr, K, Pb, Sb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, V, F-, Cl-, NO3-, 5042-, Na+, NH4+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) were analyzed by AAS and If. The purposes of this study were to estimate qualitatively various emission sources of the fell-out particle by applying multivariate statistical techniques such as factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and discriminant analysis. During the study, outlier sites were determined by a z-score method. Cl-, Na+, Mg2+, and SO42- were highly correlated due to their common marine related source. Wind speed was the most influential factor for the deposition fluxes of the particle itself and all the chemical species as well. When applying the factor analysis, 8 source patterns were qualitatively obtained, such as marine source, soil source, oil burning source, Cr related source, tire source, Cd related source, agriculture source, and F- related source. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, we could suggest that some chemical compounds may possibly exist in the form of CaSO4, NaN03, NaCl, MgC12, (NH4)2SO4, NaF, and CaCl2 in the fall-out particles. Finally, spatial and seasonal classification study performed by a discriminant analysis showed th.at SO42-, Ca2+, Cl-, and Fe were dominant in the group of spatial pattern; however, SO42-, Cl-, Al, and V were in the group of seasonal pattern.