• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2020

Spatial simulation of crop growth often requires application of management conditions to each cell. In particular, it is of great importance to determine the temperature conditions during the nursery period for rice seedlings, which would affect heading date projections. The objective of this study was to determine the value of TMPSB, which is the parameter of ORYZA2000 model to represent temperature increase under a plastic tunnel during the rice seedling periods. Candidate values of TMPSB including 0℃, 2℃, 5℃, 7℃ and 9℃ were used to simulate rice growth and yield. Planting dates were set from mid-April to mid-June. The simulations were performed at four sites including Cheorwon, Suwon, Seosan, and Gwangju where climate conditions at rice fields common in Korea can be represented. It was found that the TMPSB values of 0℃ and 2℃ resulted in a large variation of heading date due to low temperature occurred in mid-April. When the TMPSB value was >7℃, the variation of heading date was relatively small. Still, the TMPSB value of 5℃ resulted in the least variation of heading date for all the planting dates. Our results suggested that the TMPSB value of 5℃ would help reasonable assessment of climate change impact on rice production when high resolution gridded weather data are used as inputs to ORYZA2000 model over South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2015

Background: It is thought that drug use of parents is related to that of young children. The status of drug among young children's parents and a correlation of with parents and their children on drug use was surveyed by questionnaire. Method: The questionnaire is composed of 34 items, and the data was collected by 108 parents of young children from March to April of 2012. Results: On the basis of the analysis results, the following conclusions were drawn. About half of parents thought the minimum use of drug was better for health, and 44% parents thought drug is essential for cure. When parents had queries on prescription, they mostly consult with doctors and pharmacists. Most parents had a household medicine. A fever reducer was the most common household medicine (92.5%). They pick the household medicine by consulting with pharmacist. Parents usually checked the expiration date of drug before they use and they dumped the drugs when the expiration date was due (82.4%). Over half of young children and their parents took a dietary supplements. They got an information about a dietary supplement by associates (30.5%) and internet (19.4%). Most parents tried to follow the directions as prescribed. However, more than half of the parents stopped taking the drug when the symptoms disappeared. Conclusion: Drug use of parents and that of young children had a very strong positive correlation, suggesting that correct drug use of parents have an impact on their young children's drug use.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.398-400
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• 2011

Purpose: Subungual tumors are a common cause of nail plate deformity, and may be caused by fibrokeratoma, Koene's tumor and glomus tumors. Neurofibromas, either as part of neurofibromatosis or as a solitary tumor are exceptionally rare in the digits. Methods: A 44-year-old man presented with painless onychodystrophy and nail plate elevation of the right thumb due to a small subungual mass that had started growing 3 years ago. Sensory evaluation of the distal phalanx was normal, and no discoloration nor infection signs were seen. The nail plate was extracted under local anesthesia, and the mass was delicately removed without injury to the nail bed. The nail matrix was repaired with primary closure. Results: Histopathology shows a well circumscribed, cellular tumor with myxoid stroma. Tumor cells were S-100 protein positive, and the patient was diagnosed with myxoid neurofibroma. There has been no sign of recurrence to date, 14 months after the operation. Conclusion: Presentation of cutaneous neurofibromas in the digits is an uncommon finding. They may occur as a manifestation of neurofibromatosis or as a solitary tumor. Subungual neurofibromas are exceptionally rare. To our knowledge, there are only ten reports of solitary subungual neurofibroma unrelated to neurofibromatosis to date. We report a rare case of solitary subungual myxoid neurofibroma of the thumb, that was treated through total excision, with preservation of the nail matrix.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.165-172
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• 2019

Machine-learning techniques have been actively employed to information security in recent years. Traditional rule-based security solutions are vulnerable to advanced attacks due to unpredictable behaviors and unknown vulnerabilities. By employing ML techniques, we are able to develop intrusion detection systems (IDS) based on anomaly detection instead of misuse detection. Moreover, threshold issues in anomaly detection can also be resolved through machine-learning. There are very few datasets for network intrusion detection compared to datasets for malicious code. KDD CUP 99 (KDD) is the most widely used dataset for the evaluation of IDS. Numerous studies on ML-based IDS have been using KDD or the upgraded versions of KDD. In this work, we develop an IDS model using CSE-CIC-IDS 2018, a dataset containing the most up-to-date common network attacks. We employ deep-learning techniques and develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for CSE-CIC-IDS 2018. We then evaluate its performance comparing with a recurrent neural network (RNN) model. Our experimental results show that the performance of our CNN model is higher than that of the RNN model when applied to CSE-CIC-IDS 2018 dataset. Furthermore, we suggest a way of improving the performance of our model.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2009

Looking at current construction costs estimations of publicly declared public works, there are many instances where estimation criteria are ambiguous and doesn't imply the reality. Up to date, estimation criteria for calculating construction cost estimations are simply by unit area multiplication and stochastic construction cost estimation. However, possibility of making errors are high due to using uniform data that excludes each public work's specifications and environmental conditions. Further, on the aspect of cost management, there is certain limitation in the efficiency of cost management in order-placing stage and commencing-work stage; while efficient cost management and reduction of expenses are highly possible during initial stages of the project. In this respect, the paper adopts positive approach with regards to construction cost estimations of public works and draws common elements from calculation tables of the construction cost estimations from 3 completed domestic construction works; after which, the paper analyzes whether business exposition, construction guide and publicly-declared estimated construction costs that the orderer issued are calculated economically and properly; deducing problems in the process, the paper seeks to recommend rational calculation method on this.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.81-91
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• 2018

Particulate matter (PM) in dust causes serious pathological conditions, and it has been considered a critical health issue for many years. Respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, asthma, and chronic inflammation, are the most common illnesses due to PM that appears as dust. There is evidence that cardiovascular and neurological abnormalities are caused by PM. Although an extensive amount of work has been conducted on this topic, including studies on the nature of the particles, particle size measurements, particle distribution upon inhalation, the health effects of fine particles, disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, to this date, there is still a considerable lack of knowledge in these areas. Therefore, the identification of the key components that cause diseases owing to PM, and the specific diagnoses of the diseases, is important. This review will explore the current literature on the origin and nature of PM and their effects on human health. In addition, it will also highlight the approaches that have been adopted in order to diagnose the effects of PM using positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2014

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLO) is a rare, autosomal recessive disease caused by an inborn error in cholesterol synthesis. Patients with this disease suffer from multiple malformations due to reduced activity of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), which increases 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) and 8-dehydrocholesterol (8DHC) concentrations and decreases cholesterol concentration in body fluids and tissue. Here, we describe Korean siblings with SLO who were diagnosed recently, and performed a review of literature about Korean cases with SLO to date. Microcephaly and syndactyly of the second and third toes are the most common physical finding in SLOS patients. Other malformations including growth failure, cleft palate or bifid uvula, various heart malformation, genital ambiguity in males are also accompanied. Not all patients showed low levels of serum cholesterol, so DHCR7 mutation analysis can be helpful to confirmative diagnosis. Two mutations on p.R352 locus (p.R352W and p.R352Q) are commonly identified in Korean SLO patients. Although rare in Korea, SLO should be considered in the differential diagnosis of growth failure with intellectual disability, especially in patients with multiple congenital anomalies.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2011

The introduction of the Eurocodes makes plastic design criteria available also for composite bridges, leading to more economical solutions compared with previous elastic design rules. Particularly for refurbishment old bridges with higher actual traffic loads, up to date outside the scope of the Eurocodes, strengthening should therefore be avoidable or at least be necessary only to a minor extent. For bridges with smaller spans and compact cross sections, the plastic load bearing capacity is clearly justified. In this work, however, the focus is placed on long span continuous composite bridges with deep, longitudinally stiffened girders, susceptible to local buckling. In a first step, the elastic - plastic cross section capacity of the main girder in bending is studied as an isolated case, based on high preloads acting on the steel girder only, due to the common assembling procedure without scaffolding. In a second step, the effects on the whole structure are studied, because utilising the plastic section capacity at midspan leads to a redistribution of internal forces to the supports. Based on the comprehensive study of an old, actual strengthened composite bridge, some limitations for plastic design are identified. Moreover, fully plastic design will sometimes need additional global analysis. Practical recommendations are given for design purposes.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2011

Laser drilling of vias is the one of key technologies in developing Emitter-Wrap Through(EWT) solar cell which is particularly attractive due to the use of industrial processing and common solar grade p-type silicon materials. While alternative economically feasible drilling process is not available to date, the processing time and laser induced damage should be as small as possible in this process. This paper provides an overview on various factors that should be considered in using the laser via drilling technology for developing highly efficient and industrially applicable EWT solar cells.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1564-1570
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• 2018

The International Headache Society (IHS) has validated cervicogenic headache (CGH) as a secondary headache type that is hypothesized to originate due to nociception in the cervical area. CGH is a common form of headache and accounts for 15% to 20% of all chronic and recurrent headaches. CGH is commonly treated with manual and exercise therapy. To date, no studies have isolated only one manual intervention in an attempt to determine its effectiveness. In this case study we present a 28-year-old patient with right upper cervical (UC) and occipital pain who responded well to a single manual intervention technique. This technique was applied in isolation for the first three visits and two therapeutic exercises prescribed on the fourth and fifth visit. In total, manual and exercise intervention occurred over 8 visits at which point in time the patient was discharged with no UC motion impairments, an NPRS rating of 0, a NDI and HDI demonstrating a 100% improvement and a 37% improvement in FOTO score. The traction based manual intervention and two therapeutic exercises prescribed for this patient were successful in relieving UC pain and CGH. At six months follow up, the patient was still symptom free.