• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

Recently, the string non-inclusion related problems have been studied vigorously. Given a set of strings F over a constant size alphabet, consider a string x such that x does not include any string in F as a substring. We call x a Common Non-SuperString(CNSS for short) of F. Among the CNSS's of F, the longest one with finite length is called the Longest Common Non-SuperString(LCNSS for short) of F. In this paper, we first propose a new graph model using prefixes of F. Next, we suggest an O(N)-time algorithm for finding the LCNSS of F, where N is the sum of the lengths of all the strings in F.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.22
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• pp.201-226
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• 2004

P & I Clubs are mutual and non-profit making insurers which offer shipowners cover for the contractual and third-party liabilities. Whereas most shipowners obtain P & I insurance to cover for their legal liabilities, they also obtain hull insurance to cover against damages to the hull of their vessels from commercial hull insurers. P & I insurance was distinguished from hull insurance in respect that it offered non-limited cover to shipowner member, but there was a serious debate between P & I Clubs in respect of the non-limited cover. A compromise by International Group of P & I Clubs eventually emerged under which, with effect from 20 February 1997, a financial cap was placed on the obligation of each shipowner to pay catasrophe calls to his club(20% of each ship's property limitation fund under 1976 Limitation Convention). Nevertheless many shipowners felt that this new cap on their potential catastrophe call had been set still too high, while others resisted any reduction in the figure established by the compromise. In the Meantime, the European Commission issued a Statement of Objections in June 1997, in which it indicated its objections with a compulsory single limit common th all the Group clubs as high as the 1997 compromise. Eventually the board of all the Group clubs decided that the figure of 20% of the Limitation Convention per ship property funds should be dropped down to 2.5% from 20 February 1999.

• MALSORI
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• no.43
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• pp.113-125
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• 2002

As there are needs to search the Web information via wire or wireless telephones, VoiceXML forum was established to develop and promote the Voice eXtensible Markup Language (VoiceXML). VoiceXML simplifies the creation of personalized interactive voice response services on the Web, and allows voice and phone access to information on Web sites, call center databases. Also, it can utilize the Web-based technologies, such as CGI(Common Gateway Interface) scripts. In this paper, we have developed the voice portal service platform based on VoiceXML called TeleGateway. It enables integration of voice services with data services using the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Text-To-Speech (TTS) engines. Also, we have showed the various services on voice portal services.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 1995

Orthopaedic medicine was developed and published by James Cyriax, a British Orthopaedic Physician on 1929. Orthopaedic medicine is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue lesions. These disorders affect a substantial proportion of all patients in general and in particular, physiotherapy and sports clinics. In broad terms these disorders em trace conditions. such as arthritis. rheumatism. fibrositis. backache. lumbago, sciatica, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow, strained wrist, sprains, aches, inflanmation and sports injuries generally. The soft Moving tissues share one thing in common - they are all radiotranslucent and the tissues in question are the joint capsule, the ligaments, the fasciae, dural sheath. These structures can cause pain but none of them is visible on the radiograph. Dr. Cyriax divided all soft tissues into two basic types : 1) Contractile tissue, 2) Inert or noncontractile tissue. The mechanism of diagnosis is tension applied manually. The physician subjects each tissue about the incriminated joint to tension in turn which they call 'Selective tension' with Cyriax's assessment, a more definitive diagnosis can be obtained and proper treatment can be implemented.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2010

Among a variety of asset dynamics models in order to explain the common properties of financial underlying assets, parametric models are meaningful when their parameters are set reliably. There are two main methods from which we can obtain them. They are to use time-series data of an underlying price or the market option prices of the underlying at one time. Based on the Girsanov theorem, in the pure diffusion models, the parameters calibrated from the option prices should be partially equivalent to those from time-series underling prices. We call this phenomenon model consistency. In this paper, we verify that the two-state regime switching Black-Scholes model is superior in the sense of model consistency, comparing with two popular conventional models, the Black-Scholes model and Heston model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.11
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• pp.117-146
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• 1984

The purpose of the study is to call forth a special attention to nonbook materials as part of library materials and to improve its bibliographic study of the Korean library community. For this purpose, this paper will concern the cataloging codes of nonbook materials in Anglo-American tradition for discussion, analyses and comparison. Furthermore, an emphasis was made on the general historical development of nonbook cataloging codes mainly used in U. S. and its impact on Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR). In addition, in the part III of AACR1, several controversial issues will be argued for further revision in provision. As shown in the revised Chapter 12 of AACR 1, this thesis will try to identify common characteristics and requirements of the standard cataloging codes. It will require a comparison of various subjects with three other leading international cataloging codes, served as the principal sources of information for the revision. And my final discussion will be argued for the comparison of the differences between AACR 1 and AACR 2 with exemples.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.11a
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• pp.425-429
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• 1987

This paper describes a collision avoidance method for planning safe trajectories for multi-robot system in common work space. Usually objects have been approximated to convex polyhedra in most previous researches, but in case using such the approximation method it is difficult to represent objects analytically in terms of functions and also to describe tile relationship between the objects. In this paper, in order to solve such problems a modeling method which approximates objects to cylinder ended by hemispheres and or sphere is used and the maximum distance functions is defined which call be calculated simply. Using an objective function with inequality constraints which are related to minimum distance functions, work range and maximum allowable angular velocities of the robots, tile collision avoidance for two robots is formulated to a constrained function optimization problem. With a view to solve tile problem a penalty function having simple form is defined and used. A simple numerical example involving two PUMA-type robots is described.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-92
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• 2010

Recent years have seen an intensified discussion in many OECD countries about the role and mission of public research in the innovation system. This discussion takes place in quite specific national contexts, but should benefit from international experience. However, whereas voluminous literatures address the changing governance methods, organizational forms and missions of universities, much less attention has been devoted to developing a common understanding of the challenges faced by non-university public research institutions. The main goals of this paper is to contribute to clarifying the nature of these challenges, outlines possible policy answers and draws some implications for Korea. In the first section, the paper uses available internationally comparable indicators to review trends in the contribution of government research institutes (GRIs) to R&D and innovation activities. In the second section, the paper identifies the current major changes in the dynamics of innovation that may call for further adjustments in the positioning, organization and steering of public research institutes. Finally, the paper outlines some strategic objectives and orientations for the reform of public research institutes as part of the broader agenda of the Korean innovation strategy.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.07b
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• pp.990-994
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• 2000

The design of LAI(Local Area Identifier), the first paging area for searching the mobile terminal has a close relation with the performance of paging channel in CDMA cellular network. This paper discusses the performance of the forward channel of IS-95 CDMA standard, known as the paging through the related messages such as call control message, channel assignment message. Modeling and simulation work were conducted to quantify the performance of paging channel in terms of traffic handling capacity and blocking levels. This result serves as illustrative guidelines for the proper engineering of common control channel, which has a major impact on the overall performance of cellular network.

• IE interfaces
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The mobile communication network has to offer good quality of services (QoS), high capacity, and more coverage at a lower cost. However, with the increase of cellular user, the shortage of capacity due to unbalanced call distribution and lack of QoS are common. This paper deals with dynamic sectorization for efficient resource management to solve load unbalancing among microcells in CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) microcellular system. Dynamic load balancing can be effected by grouping micro-cells properly and grouping can be developed through a routing mechanism. Therefore, we use ants and their routes to choose the optimum grouping of micro-cells into sectors using Multiple Ant Colony System (MACS)in this paper.