• Title/Summary/Keyword: commercial rubber

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A Study on Enhancement of the Durability of Permeable Pavement Material (투수성 도로포장재의 내구성 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Oh, Hun-Su;Hong, Young-Keun
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2007
  • In this study, for enhancing the durability of permeable pavement material polyurethane(PU) adhesives were developed, and the physical properties upon polymerization and additives were studied. PU polymerization followed the bulk polymerization of free solvent type considering ecological aspect. Additives used in this study were carbon black, calcium carbonate and ultra violet stabilizer. The property changes upon different environment were evaluated with the compressive strength which is the principal measurement of the property of pavement materials. Among polymerized PU, one formulated with esterpolyol and crosslinkable chain extender gave the highest compressive strength of $74.9kgf/cm^2$, better than commercial $60kgf/cm^2$. The strength was the highest when the material specimen contained carbon black and calcium carbonate 20 wt%, respectively. However, UV stabilizer did not show good weathering properties.

Manufacturing a Functional Bolus Using a 3D printer in Radiation Therapy (방사선치료에서 3D 프린터를 이용한 기능적 조직보상체의 제작)

  • Lee, Yi-Seong;Kim, Jeong-Koo
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2020
  • Commercial plate bolus is generally used for treatment of surface tumor and required surface dose. We fabricated 3D-printed bolus by using 3D printing technology and usability of 3D-printed bolus was evaluated. RT-structure of contoured plate bolus in the TPS was exported to DICOM files and converted to STL file by using converting program. The 3D-printed bolus was manufactured with rubber-like translucent materials using a 3D printer. The dose distribution calculated in the TPS and compared the characteristics of the plate bolus and the 3D printed bolus. The absolute dose was measured inserting an ion chamber to the depth of 5 cm and 10 cm from the surface of the blue water phantom. HU and ED were measured to compare the material characteristics. 100% dose was distributed at Dmax of 1.5 cm below the surface when was applied without bolus. When the plate bolus and 3D-plate bolus were applied, dose distributed at 0.9 cm and 0.8 cm below the surface of the bolus. After the comparative analysis of the radiation dose at the reference depth, differences in radiation dose of 0.1 ~ 0.3% were found, but there was no difference dose. The usability of the 3D-printed bolus was thus confirmed and it is considered that the 3D-printed bolus can be applied in radiation therapy.

Design Optimization of Cleaning Blade for Minimizing Stress (응력 최소화를 위한 클리닝 블레이드 최적설계)

  • Park, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Jun-Hee;Choi, Dong-Hoon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.575-582
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    • 2011
  • A cleaning blade is an attachment installed in the toner cartridge of a laser printer for removing the residual toner from an organic photo-conductive drum. There have been many studies on the performance and life of the rubber blade. We focus on optimally designing the blade shape parameters to minimize the maximum stress of the blade while satisfying design constraints on the cleaning performance and part interference. The blade is optimally designed using a design of experiments, meta-models and an optimization algorithm implemented in PIAnO (process integration, automation, and optimization), a commercial PIDO (process integration and design optimization) tool. We integrate the CAE tools necessary for the structural analysis of the cleaning blade, automate the analysis procedure, and optimize the solution using PIAnO. We decreased the maximum stress by 32.6% in comparison with that of the initial design.

Toughening of Epoxy Resin with PES-CTBN-PES Triblock Copolymers (PES-CTBN-PES 공중합체를 이용한 에폭시 수지의 강인성 향상 연구)

  • 김형륜;명범영;송경헌;육종일;윤태호
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.246-253
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    • 2001
  • Amino terminated PES-CTBN-PES triblock copolymer was synthesized from PES oligomer and commercial CTBN rubber (CTBN1300$\times$13), and molecular weight of the copolymer was controlled to be 15000 g/mole. The copolymer was utilized to toughen diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) epoxy resin which was cured with 4,4'-diaminodi-phenylsulfone (DDS) and subjected to the measurement of thermal properties, fracture toughness ( $K_{IC}$), flexural properties and solvent resistance. The properties were compared with those from the samples modified by CTBN/PES blends. The maximum loading of copolymer into the epoxy resin was 40 wt% without utilizing solvent, at which $K_{IC}$ fracture toughness of 2.21 MPa${\cdot}m^{0.5}$ was obtained without sacrificing flexural properties and chemical resistance. However, the epoxy resin modified with PES/CTBN blend exhibited much lower $K_{IC}$ and flexural properties compared to the epoxy resins toughened by PES-CTBN-PES copolymers.

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System Improvement Research for Commercial Propulsion about Government R&D Product(In Case of LRT) (국가 R&D 성과품 상용화 추진을 위한 제도개선방안 연구 (경량전철을 중심으로))

  • Hong, Jai-Sung;Park, Kwang-Bok;Rhy, Sang-Whan;Lee, An-Ho
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.322-330
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    • 2009
  • Traffic congestions in local cities have been getting worse since 1990s, so many local governments have considered the introduction of an LRT system. So far, there is no city operating the LRT due to social environments, financial reasons, feasibility and so on. But still many cities have examined LRT or started the construction. Until now, more than 30 cities are constructing LRT or planning the introduction of LRT and it becomes 96 routes, approximately 700km. With the support of MLTM, KRRI has developed automatic LRT system with rubber-wheels, K-AGT as a result of "LRT system technology development project" from 1999 to 2005 by investing 50.32 billion wons(the public 37, the private 13.32) and finished running durability test of 100,000km at Kyeong-san test line. Currently, two trains, coupled two cars respectively have running and signaling tested. K-AGT was appointed to supply for an extension line at Busan Subway Line 3(Minam-Anpyeong section) with 17 trains(six-unit car) 102 cars. However, except for Minam-Anpyeong section, other cities such as Uijeongbu, Yongin, Daegu(Line 3) and Kwangmyeong decided to use the foreign systems, not to use the product, a result of national R&D project. This results in a huge waste of foreign currency and it is expected to require much additional cost for maintenance. If local governments use the products of national R&D projects, many national benefits such as reducing imports and protecting home industries could be expected, therefore in this paper, some plans to encourage to use products of national R&D projects were dealt with.

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Effect of Poly(propylene-co-octene) as a Compatibilizer on Mechanical Properties and Weldline Characteristics of Polypropylene/Poly(ethylene-co-octene) Blends (폴리프로필렌/에틸렌-옥텐 공중합체 블렌드의 기계적 성질 및 웰드라인 물성에 미치는 폴리프로필렌-옥텐 공중합체의 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Koo, Hyo-Seon;Son, Young-Gon
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.251-256
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    • 2011
  • Effect of poly(propylene-co-octene) as a compatibilizer in toughened polypropylene/ poly(ethylene-co-octene) (EOC) was investigated. The EOCs used were metallocene catalyzed commercial linear low density polyethylene and they are elastomeric materials. The poly(propylene-co-octene) was synthesized by metallocene catalyst in our laboratory to be used as a compatibilizer in PP/EOC blends. PP/EOC blends without compatibilizer shows very low mechanical properties in specimens with weldlines while incorporation of a compatibilizer significantly increases the mechanical properties of specimens with weldlines. However, compatibilized PP/EOC blends does not show increased impact property in a weldline free specimen and it is attributed to low molecular weight of the poly(propylene-co-octene) synthesized in present study. It is expected that the poly(propylene-co-octene) having increased molecular weight provides very good performance as an effective compatibilizer in toughened polypropylene/EOC blends.

Conductive Carbon Block Filled Composites( II ) - Concentrated on Processabilily - (전도성 카본블랙이 충진된 도전성 고분자 복합재료(II) -가공성을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Jin-Kuk
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 1999
  • Nobody doubts to say that one of the most important performance polymers is a conductive polymer. The manufacturing process of the commercial conductive polymers has been known by mixing with the conductive materials, but it doesn't noticeably appear of a conductive function. One of the reasons is the lack of comprehension In compounding a carbon black with polymer rosins. This paper involves the understanding of compounding technology of the conductive carbon black filled composite. Our experimental results indicate that the fibrous shaped carbon black was hard to process but appeared of a superior conductivity compared to a stick or a sphelulite shaped carbon black. Therefore, it was processed with a processing oil in compounding, which led to a better processability and a better conductivity. This study was accomplished that the solution process compared to the melting process.

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Analysis and Design of Shoes Using Non-Linear Finite Element Method (비선형 유한요소법을 이용한 신발 해석 및 설계)

  • Kim, B.S.;Moon, B.Y.
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.195-205
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents an analytic method and a design technique for golf shoes with air-cycled pump in the midsole. The golf shoes are modeled using the finite element method for better design by considering the configuration of the midsole and the outsole, which compose the golf shoes. Also the optimum size and shape of air-cycled pump in the midsole is examined. The values or standard human pressure for boundary conditions are adopted for the FEA(Finite Element Analysis). The unknown constants of the strain energy function of Ogden type are observed in accordance with the axial tension test. By the commercial FEM software for nonlinear analysis, MARC V7.3, the strains and the values of volume change for the midsole and the outsole are obtained, respectively. It can be concluded that results obtained by FEM in the midsole and the outsole are different depending on the characteristic of elastomer The results reported herein provide better understanding of analyzing the golf shoes. Moreover, it is believed that those properties of the results can be utilized in the shoes industry to develop the effective design method.

Heat Transfer Analysis and Design of Shoes Using Finite Element Method (유한요소법을 이용한 신발의 열전달 해석 및 설계)

  • Kim, B.S.;Moon, B.Y.
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.206-212
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents an analytic method and a design technique for golf shoes with coolant in the insole. The golf shoes are modeled using the finite element method for precision by considering the configuration by the insole, the midsole and the outsole, which compose the golf shoes. The values of standard human foot temperature for heat transfer boundary conditions are adopted for the FEA(Finite Element Analysis). By the commercial FEM software for heat transfer analysis, MARC V7.3, the temperature and the amounts of heat flux change for the insole are obtained, respectively. It can be concluded that results obtained by FEM in the insole are different depending on the characteristic of heat transfer. The results reported herein provide better understanding of analyzing the golf shoes. Moreover, it is believed that those properties of the results can be utilized in the shoes industry to develop the effective design method.

The Prediction of Phase Morphology of Injection Molded Polymer Blends (사출성형된 고분자 블렌드의 형태학적 상구조 예측)

  • Son, Young-Gon
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.193-208
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    • 2004
  • Morphology of injection molded polymer blend was investigated by experimental and theoretical approach. In experiments, the effects of injection speed and injection temperature on the morphology of injection molded MPPO/Nylon 6 blend were investigated. The morphology distribution across the part thickness was clearly observed in injection molded blend. We could observe several distinct regions across the thickness of molded part: skin layer, subskin layer and core region. The skin layer where the dispersed phase is fine and highly deformed to the flow direction is observed to be located near the part surface. The subskin layer located at inner region of the skin layer also observed. In the subskin layer, the dispersed phase is coarser than that of skin layer and deforms to the flow direction. Based on the experimental results, the calculation scheme to predict the morphology of injection molded polymer blend was suggested. The morphology of injection molded polymer blend could be predicted in corporation with the result of flow analysis obtained from commercial software for injection molding process and the theory of drop behavior under the flow. The suggested calculation scheme could predict the effect of injection conditions on the morphology of injection molded parts.