• PNF and Movement
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to verify effects of trunk inclination, side deviation using combined PNF patterns of upper and lower extremities on 20's generation with malalignment syndrome. Methods : 15 subjects with malalignment syndrome participated this study. We measured 2 factors(trunk inclination, side deviation). combined PNF patterns of upper and lower extremities were used intervention method for malalignment syndrome subjects. Experience during was 6 weeks. Results : The trunk inclination was significantly decreased. The value was from 0.87 to 0.43(p=0.27). The side deviation was too. The value was decreased 1.62(p=0.044). Conclusion : The results of this study indicate that the use of combined PNF patterns of upper and lower extremities for malalignment syndrome people was positive effect.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.300-308
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• 2022

Background: This study investigated the prognostic impact of spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 214 patients who were newly diagnosed with MM between March 2015 and December 2019. The patients were classified into five different infiltration patterns based on spine MRI as follows: (1) normal appearance, (2) focal, (3) diffuse, (4) combined focal and diffuse infiltration, and (5) "salt-and-pepper." Results: Forty patients (18.7%) showed a normal appearance, whereas focal, diffuse, combined focal and diffuse infiltration, and "salt-and-pepper" patterns were identified in 68 (31.8%), 40 (18.7%), 52 (24.3%), and 14 patients (6.5%), respectively. The patients with normal and "salt-and-pepper" patterns were younger than patients with other patterns (median age, 61.6 vs. 66.8 years; p=0.001). Moreover, 63% and 59.3% of patients with normal and "salt-and-pepper" patterns were scored International Staging System (ISS) stage I and revised ISS (R-ISS) stage I, respectively, whereas only 12.5% of patients with other patterns were scored ISS stage I and R-ISS stage I. Patients with normal and "salt-and-pepper" patterns had a better prognosis than those with other patterns, whereas relapse and death rates were significantly higher in patients with focal, diffuse, and combined MRI patterns. Conclusion: Characteristic MRI findings have a significant prognostic value for long-term survival in patients newly diagnosed with MM. In particular, focal, diffuse, and combined focal and diffuse infiltration patterns are unfavorable prognostic factors.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.414-430
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• 2009

This paper is designed for the purpose of suggesting Figurative data applicable to modern furniture designs through doing research on Haejuban's engraving that includes excellent Figurative beauty among Korean traditional lighted-floor type furnitures. As a result of the analysis, Haejuban's(Traditional Korean dining table) engraving pattern type was mainly divided into independent patterns and combined patterns. The patterns expressed the most among them are peony patterns. The patterns expressed by the engraving mostly showed the Figurative characteristics of symmetry. The patterns shown in Haejuban's engraving wish or stand for richness, long life, lucky, fidelity, divinity, happiness, success and so on. The species of trees used for Haejuban were a total of 8 kinds such as ginkgo trees, zelkova trees, walnut trees, wild-walnut trees, chinaberry trees and other scrub trees. Ginkgo trees were used the most among them.

• 정형스포츠물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the sprinter and skater combined patterns on muscle contraction onset time and muscle activation of body stabilizing muscles. Method : Our study included young and healthy men in their 20s. The participants used the sprinter and skater combined patterns of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) methods to measure muscle activation and muscle contraction onset time of the trunk muscles. To measure muscle contraction onset time and muscle activation, electrodes were attached to the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinalis (ES) regions. Significant differences were identified using a paired t-test and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis. Result : In the sprinter combined pattern, the muscle with the fastest onset time of contraction was the RES, and that with the slowest was the RRA (p<.001). In the skater combined pattern, the muscle with the fastest onset time of contraction was the LES, and that with the slowest was the LRA (p<.001). In the sprinter combined pattern, the REO and LIO presented medium muscle contraction onset times (p<.001). In the skater combined pattern, the LEO and RIO presented medium muscle contraction onset times (p<.001). Conclusions: Based on these results, these patterns could be used as exercise methods for the elderly with delayed proactive response speeds of the body stabilization methods due to imbalances in body stabilizing muscles or limbs movement.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2011

This study selects camellia flowers as a material for design development and created patterns by simplifying the image of camellia flowers and combining it with a geometrical motif. It it applied them to various fields to develop design content for fashion cultural products that were Korean, modern, and competitive. For this purpose, this paper used Adobe Illustrator CS2 to turn the camellia flower into a motif and develop it into a pattern. Based on the realistic form of camellia flower, this paper set 3 basic motifs of new formative images, using graphic elements, such as omission of a form, simplification, overlapping, repetition, and reduction, and it also developed two transformed motifs by applying a different color to each motif. This paper repetitively arranged each motif in the background of a diamond shape, a square, and a circle, and it combined each motif with the patterns of marcel, stairs, and stripes, through which it expressed the combination of the geometrical patterns and the flower patterns. Through the application of repetitive and combined patterns of each motif, the enlargement and reduction of motifs, the repetition of motifs, the combined use of motifs, and the change in colors and layout, this paper used the motifs of various fashion cultural products, such as scarves, neckties, and T-shirts.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigate the visual and quantitative analysis at the same time with an electronic tongue(e-tongue) system using an array of ISE(ion-selective electrode). We apply the FCM(fuzzy c-means) algorithm combined with PCA(principal component analysis), which can be reduced multi-dimensional data to third-dimensional data, to classify data patterns detected by E-Tongue system. The proposed technique can be designed to solve the cluster centers and membership grade of patterns combined with the output results obtained by PCA method. According to the proposed technique, the membership grade of unknown pattern, which does not shown previously can be determined and analyzed visually. Conclusionally, the relationship between the standard patterns and unknown pattern can be easily analyzed. Throughout the experimental trials, the proposed technique has been confirmed using developed E-Tongue system.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2008

고유수용성 신경근 촉진법의 통합 패턴이 정적 균형에 미치는지, 여자 대학생 20명을 대상으로 6주간 실험하였다. 고유수용성 통합패턴은 Dietz에 의해 고안된 스프린터와 스케이트 패턴을 이용하였으며, 훈련은 주3회 일 1회 실시하였다. Good Balance system을 이용하여 정상적인 기립자세, 눈을 감고 한발 들고 좌,우 기립자세, 눈을 뜨고 한발 들고 좌,우 기립자세에서 X축 속도, Y축 속도와 속도 모멘트 3항목의 변수를 측정한 결과 눈뜨고 서기자세, 눈감고 서기자세, 눈감고 우측외발서기 자세에서 X, Y 축의 평균 속도, 압력중심의 속도 모멘트 영역 모두에서 운동 전 후 감소하여 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하였으며, 눈뜨고 좌측외발서기 자세에서는 X축의 평균 속도만 운동 전 후 감소하여 통계학적으로 감소하였다. 이 러한 결과 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법의 통합패턴이 정적 균형 능력에 영향을 미치며, 향후 본 연구의 운동방법을 임상에서 환자에게 적용할 수 있도록 더 쉽고, 다양한 형태의 기술이 포함된 연구가 진행 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권9호통권81호
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• pp.772-778
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• 2005

This paper is concerned with the analysis of material flow characteristics of combined tube extrusion using pipe. The analysis in this paper concentrated on the evaluation of the design parameters for deformation patterns of tube forming, load characteristics, extruded length, and die pressure. The design factors such as punch nose radius, die corner radius, friction factor, and punch face angle are involved in the simulation. The combined tube extrusion is analyzed by using a commercial finite element code. This simulation makes use of pipe material and punch geometry on the basis of punch geometry recommended by International Cold Forging Group. Deformation patterns and its characteristics in combined forward and backward tube extrusion process were analyzed for forming loads with primary parameters, which are various punch nose radius relative to backward tube thickness. The results from the simulation show the flow modes of pipe workpiece and the die pressure at the contact surface between pipe workpiece and punch. The specific backward tube thickness and punch nose radius have an effect on extruded length in combined extrusion. The combined one step forward and backward extrusion is compared with the two step extrusion fer forming load and die pressure.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined patterns of PNF(proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) on the static balance ability. Methods : The measurements of the static balance ability were completed by 10 subjects for 6 weeks, from October to November 2007. The combined patterns of PNF were carried out by means of self-exercising suggested by Dietz, which were designed as four cases: two positions (standing and quadruped) for both patterns(sprinter and skater), respectively. The exercises were practiced once a day, 3 times a week in same condition. By using the GOOD BALANCE system, assessment of the static balance ability was taken at before and after exercise from 6 positions: normal standing, one leg left and one leg right standing when eye open and close, respectively. For each case, the experimental data was obtained in 3 items: mean X speed, mean Y speed and velocity moment. Results : The results of this study were as follows : 1. There were statistically significant differences of Mean X speed, Mean Y speed and Velocity moment between the before and the after exercise in the case of normal standing when eye open and close(NSEO and NSEC), respectively. 2. There was statistically significant difference of Mean X speed between the before and the after exercise in the case of one leg left standing when eye open(OLLEO). In this case, however, the statistically significant differences were not found in both terms of Mean Y speed and Velocity moment. 3. There were statistically significant differences of Mean X speed and Mean Y speed between the before and the after exercise in the case of one leg left standing when eye close(OLLEC). In this case, however, the statistically significant difference was not found in term of Velocity moment. 4. There were statistically significant differences of Mean X speed, Mean Y speed and Velocity moment between the before and the after exercise in the case of one leg right standing when eye close(OLREC). 5. There was statistically significant difference of Mean X speed between the before and the after exercise in the case of one leg right standing when eye open(OLREO). In this case, however, the statistically significant differences were not found in both terms of Mean Y speed and Velocity moment. 6. There were statistically significant differences of total Mean X speed, total Mean Y speed and total Velocity moment between the before and the after exercise. Conclusions : The above results from this study indicated that the combined patterns of PNF have improved the static balance ability. However the used self-exercise can be applied to normal people, i.e., the exercise is difficult to apply into clinical patients. The further study should be focused at development of various modified forms of the combined patterns of PNF in keeping up the improvement effect of this exercise.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1058-1080
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• 2021

Crime is not a completely random event but rather shows a pattern in space and time. Capturing the dynamic nature of crime patterns is a challenging task. Crime prediction models that rely only on neighborhood influence and demographic features might not be able to capture the dynamics of crime patterns, as demographic data collection does not occur frequently and is static. This work proposes a novel approach for crime count and hotspot prediction to capture the dynamic nature of crime patterns using taxi data along with historical crime and demographic data. The proposed approach predicts crime events in spatial units and classifies each of them into a hotspot category based on the number of crime events. Four models are proposed, which consider different covariates to select a set of independent variables. The experimental results show that the proposed combined subset model (CSM), in which static and dynamic aspects of crime are combined by employing the taxi dataset, is more accurate than the other models presented in this study.