• 전기학회논문지
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2019

Combined Cycle Unit(CC) generates the primary power from the Gas Turbine(GT) and supplies the remaining heat of the GT to the Steam Turbine(ST) to generate the secondary power from the ST. It plays a major role in terms of energy efficiency and Load Frequency Control(LFC). Incremental Heat Rate(IHR) curves of economic dispatch(ED) of CC is applied differently by GT/ST combination. But It is practically difficult because of performance test by all combinations. This paper suggests a reasonable method for estimating IHR curves for partial combinations(1:1~(N-1):1) using IHR curves when operating with GT alone(1:0) and with all(N:1) combinations of CC.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2024

Purpose: This study was performed to identify and investigate the therapeutic effects of low-level laser (LLL) combined with a light-emitting diode (LED) on post-operative wound healing and functional recovery after hand orthopedic surgery. Methods: The study subjects were twenty patients who had passed the acute inflammatory phase after hand orthopedic surgery and were assigned equally to an experimental or a control group. Phototherapy was administered three times weekly for two weeks. Changes in wound length, edema, pain, and hand function were measured. Results: Significant differences in wound length, edema, pain, and hand function were observed between the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). However, no significant intergroup difference was observed (p>0.05). Nonetheless, a comparison of results showed changes in the experiment group over the two-week study period were significantly greater than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings show that combined LLL plus LED phototherapy positively influences post-operative hand rehabilitation.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.97-106
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• 2002

Taguchi parameter design, the product-array approach using orthogonal arrays is mainly used. However, it often requires an excessive number of experiments. An alternative approach, which is called the combined-array approach, was suggested by Welch et. al. and studied by others. In these studies, only single quality characteristic was considered. We propose how to simultaneously optimize multiple quality characteristics using desirability function when we used the combined-array approach to assign control and noise factors. An example is illustrated to the combined-array approach.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2020

The excavation broken zones (EBZ) of gateways is a significant factor in determining the stability of man-made opening. The EBZ of 55 gateways with variety geological conditions were measured using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). The results found that the greatly depth of EBZ, the smallest is 1.5 m and the deepest is 3.5 m. Experimental investigations were carried out in the laboratory and in the coal mine fields for applying the combined arch support theory to large EBZ. The studies found that resin bolts with high tensile strength and good bond force could provide high pretension force with bolt extensible anchorage method in the field. Furthermore, the recently invented torque amplifier could greatly improve the bolt pretension force in poor lithology. The FLAC3D numerical simulation found that the main diffusion sphere of pretension force was only in the free segment zone of the surrounding rock. Further analysis found that the initial load-bearing zone thickness of the combined arch structure in large EBZ could be expressed by the free segment length of bolt. The using of high mechanical property bolts and steel with high pretension force will clearly putting forward the bolt length selection rule based on the combined arch support theory.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 1999

항공사진측량에 의한 지도제작과 미지점의 정확한 위치결정은 매우 경제적인 방법이나 외부표정요소를 구하기 위해서는 기준점이 필요하다. 번들조정기법의 성능향상과 횡스트립의 설치로 블럭조정에 요구되어지는 기준점의수가 감소되었음에도 불구하고 기준점 측량은 비용면에서 무시할 수 없는 부분이다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 연구된 동적 DGPS-위치결정에 의한 GPS-항측은 처음 가능성을 보인 이래 계속 발전되어 오고 있다. 위성배치의 완료, 수신기의 기능 향상 및 동적 DGPS-위치결정을 위한 S/W의 향상 등으로 결합블럭조정의 정확도도 크게 증가하고 있다. 따라서 GPS-항측의 실용화에 대한 연구가 보다 절실히 요청되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구의 대상지는 60%의 횡중복도와 횡스트립으로 촬영하여 광산지역의 지반침하를 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 단지 6개의 기준점만을 사용한 결합블럭조정으로도 21개의 수평기준점과 81개의 연직기준점을 사용한 재래식 블럭조정과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 GPS에 의한 노출점의 위치와 블록조정의 정확도는 지상 수신기준점의 거리와는 무관하였으며 결합블럭조정시 정오차 소거를 위한 특별한 모형식이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2018

Samples composed of coal and rock show different mechanical properties of the pure coal or rock mass. For the same coal seam with different surrounding rocks, the frequency and intensity of rock burst can be significantly different in. First, a method of measuring the strain variation of coal in the coal-rock combined sample was proposed. Second, laboratory tests have been conducted to investigate the influences of rock lithologies, combined forms and coal-rock height ratios on the deformation and failure characteristics of the coal section using this method. Third, a new bursting liability index named combined coal-rock impact energy speed index (CRIES) was proposed. This index considers not only the time effect of energy, but also the influence of surrounding rocks. At last, a new approach considering the influences of roof and/or floor was proposed to evaluate the impact capability of coal seam. Results show that the strength and elastic modulus of coal section increase significantly with the coal-rock height ratio decreasing. In addition, the values of bursting liability indexes of the same coal seam vary greatly when using the new approach. This study not only provides a new approach to measuring the strain of the coal section in coal-rock combined sample, but also improves the evaluation system for evaluating the impact capability of coal.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined training using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) patterns and treadmills on the balance and walking ability of stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-three stroke patients were randomized into a control group (n=11), receiving only treadmill training and an experimental group (n=12) receiving combined training. The use of both PNF exercise and treadmill were implemented in the combined training. Interventions were performed 5 times a week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was measured by a timed up and go (TUG) test. Walking ability was measured by a 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). A paired t-test was used to compare differences between pre- and post-intervention and independent t-tests were used to compare between groups. Results: Changes in TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT before and after interventions were significantly different for both the experimental group and the control group (p<0.05). In addition, within-group changes in the TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT were more effective in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Combined training using PNF techniques and treadmills may be useful in improving the balance and walking ability of stroke patients.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.707-717
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to develop and verify the effects of the exercise-cognitive combined dual-task training program on cognitive function and depression of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants were assigned into two groups: an experimental group receiving an exercise-cognitive combined dual-task (n=20) and a control group receiving a simple-task (n=18). After 8 weeks of intervention (2 days per week), the change in depression and cognitive functions were compared between the groups. Results: General cognitive function (t=-2.81, p=.011), frontal cognitive function (Z=-3.50, p<.001), attention/working memory function (U=-2.91, p=.004), depression (t=4.96, p<.001) of the experimental group were significantly increased than those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that an exercise-cognitive combined dual-task program for MCI was effective in improving general cognitive function, frontal and executive function, attention/working memory function, and reducing depression.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2012

Background: Hemiplegic patients have the problems of the balance and weight shifting to the affected leg in walking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of unilateral stepping exercise combined with auditory feedback on balance and walking ability of the hemiplegic patients. Methods: Thirty hemiplegic patients were allocated in study group (n=15) or control group (n=15). General exercise and weight supporting exercise were conducted for the control group, and general exercises and unilateral stepping exercise combined with auditory feedback were conducted for the study group. Exercise were conducted three times a week for six weeks. Balance ability was measured by Berg Balance Scale (BBS), postural assessment scale for stroke (PASS), and performance-oriented mobility assessment (POMA). Walking ability was measured by time up and go test (TUG), 10m walk test (10mWT), and six minutes walk test (6MWT). Results: Balance and walking ability were significant increased in both group (p<.05). Balance and walking ability of the study group were more increased than that of the control group (p<.05). Conclusions: Unilateral stepping exercise combined with auditory feedback is more effective than weight supporting exercise to increase on balance and walking ability for the hemiplegic patients.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.2113-2118
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• 2020

Background: Patients with stroke have core muscle weakness and limited rib cage movement, resulting in restrictive lung disease. Objectives: To examine the comparison of effects of rib cage joint mobilization combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercise and diaphragmatic breathing exercise on the pulmonary function and chest circumference in patients with stroke. Design: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group (rib cage joint mobilization combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercise group) and control group (diaphragmatic breathing exercise group). Patients in the experimental group underwent rib cage joint mobilization for 15 min and diaphragmatic breathing exercise for 15 min. The control group underwent diaphragmatic breathing exercise for 30 min. Both groups underwent exercise thrice a week for 4 weeks. The pulmonary function and chest circumference were measured using the MicroLab spirometer and a tape measure, respectively. Results: After the intervention, the pulmonary function and chest circumference significantly improved in both groups. These improvements were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group. Conclusion: Rib cage joint mobilization combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercise improves pulmonary function and chest circumference in patients with stroke.