• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.295-311
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• 2010

The concept of frame in semantics has implications for our understanding of such problematic terms as "meaning" and "concept". It is conventional to say that a particular word corresponds to a particular "concept" and to assume that concepts are essentially identical across speakers. In contrast, the notion of frame accepts that the frame for a particular word can vary across speakers as a function of their particular life experience. To say, instead of thinking in terms of words as expressing "concepts", we should think of them as tools, like frames, that cause listeners to activate certain areas of their knowledge base, with different areas activated to different degrees in different contexts of use. This notion is Fillmore's most crucial contribution to current cognitive linguistic theories, and his frame semantics is built on such a notion. This paper discusses the basic assumptions and goals of frame semantics, and examines the notion of frame and illustrates various framing words of English and Korean under such a notion.

• 인지과학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1991

본 논문은 한국어의 어휘적 중의성을 해결하는 시스템을 보여준다. 이 시스템은 의존 문법과 대조 의미론을 이용하고 있다. 의존 문법은 두 형태소 사이의 의존관계에 의하여 문장을 분석한다. 대조 의미론은 어휘적 중의성과 의미관계의 상호작용을 조사한다. 대조 의미론은 의미 프레임,의미 백터,대조,분류의 4개의 구성요소로 이루어진다. 본 시스템은 C 언어로 구성되었으며, 문자을 분석 학과 두 단어간의 의미 관계를 조사하며 어휘적 중의성을 해결한다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.163-182
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• 2004

Since metaphor was proposed to be a matter of thought instead of language over two decades ago, the research in this area has made most of its progress by the cognitivists. For the cognitivists represented by Lakoff, metaphor is not a mere poetic or rhetoric device, but is central to our everyday language. Furthermore, according to them, we categorize the world and break it into concepts mainly through metaphors, and truth conditions simply cannot account for metaphor. However, this cognitivists' view has been severely counterattacked by the truth-conditional semanticists. Their main criticism is that the cognitivists do not provide a way to go from our internal representations to the outside world. It is also criticized that the cognitive theory of metaphor as cross-conceptual domain mappings is too broad and general, and that they do not explain why a particular metaphorical expression should be subsumed under one mapping rather than another mapping, i.e., their schemes and structural relations are not predictive. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to propose a model for metaphor interpretation that combines the virtues of the two opposite views of metaphor. Truth-conditional semantics cannot ignore cognitive aspects of language, so-called states of affairs or mental representations, while cognitive theories cannot neglect vigorous representation of meaning with objective reality. This paper will try to present a preliminary outline of this combining model.

• 인지과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.93-109
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• 1996

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2023

This article presents an examination of the major cognitive-semantic theories in linguistics (Langacker, Lakoff, Fillmore, Croft). The CST's foundations are discussed concerning the educational policy changes, which are necessary to improve the linguistic disciplines in the changing context of higher education, as well as the empowerment and development of the industry. It is relevant in the light of the linguistic specialists' quality training and the development of effective methods of language learning. Consideration of the theories content, tools, and methods of language teaching, which are an important component of quality teaching and the formation of a set of knowledge and skills of students of linguistic specialties, remains crucial. This study aims to establish the main theoretical positions and directions of cognitive-semantic theory in linguistics, determine the usefulness of teaching the basics of cognitive linguistics, the feasibility of using methods of cognitive-semantic nature in the learning process. During the research, the methods of linguistic description and observation, analysis, and synthesis were applied. The result of the study is to establish the need to study basic linguistic theories, as well as general theoretical precepts of cognitive linguistics, which remains one of the effective directions in the postmodern mainstream. It also clarifies the place of the main cognitive-semantic theories in the teaching linguistics' practice of the XXI century.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제3권
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• pp.225-247
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• 2001

The analysis of art work that is objective and theoretical needs the help of the cognitive psychology, for the pictorial semiotics requires psychology. The first step to the analysis of art work is about the visual elements and their relations. But the semiotics is lack of the method of the analysis of art work and the some authors don't have treated or been interested in psychological analysis. The main problem of visual semiotics is the density of pictorial representation. It makes the semantic of art work impossible at the very early process of analysis. But the density is not only a matter of visual representation, verbal language also has this problem. The point is that art work functions more art than denotation, but verbal language does more denotation than art. This difference makes difficult to apply the method of language or semiotics to visual art. The possibility of pictorial syntax or perceptual semantics should begin considering the unification of perception and semantics. In principles these two field can be unified. At atomism and holism these are parallel. Therefore perceptual semantics is possible The cognitive psychology can help to formulation of perceptual semantics. At first, the visual representation is incremental and it can be divided at three steps. In these steps each sensation, perception and cognition level has their own role. Perceptual representation of art work should be specified at these three levels. And each of these levels, the special properties of art work should be drawn and examined in the possibility of semiotics. The investigation of psychological levels and semiotic level should be circulated. It will help to formulate the method of analysis of art work.

• 인지과학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.457-483
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• 2007

데이터베이스 의미론(Database Semantics, DBS)은 인간의 의사소통 방식에 대한 종합적인 이론 틀과 분석을 제공하고, 또한 이를 구체적인 컴퓨터 프로그램으로 구현하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. DBS의 두 가지 주요 특징으로는 문장 처리 알고리즘으로 좌연접 방식을 취한다는 점과 문장의 의미 내용을 표상하는 데이터베이스로 '어휘은행 (Word bank)를 취한다는 점을 들 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 DBS에 입각하여 한국어의 기본 현상에 대한 분석 및 구현을 시도한다. 우선 간단한 한국어 예를 통해 듣고, 추론하고, 말하는 단계가 어떻게 진행될 수 있는지를 보이고, 이어서 한국어의 특징적 현상중의 하나인 수사-분류사(classifier) 구조가 어떻게 분석되는지를 보임으로써, 영어와 독일어를 소재로 개발중인 DBS가 언어적 특성이 많이 다른 한국어 분석에도 활용될 가능성이 있음을 보인다. 또한 기존 연구에서 제시된 바 있는 좌연접 알고리즘에 대한 한국어 적용상의 문제점을 검토하면서 그에 대한 대안의 방향을 살펴보기로 한다.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제1권
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• pp.227-276
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• 1997

There has been no nuanimous analysis of specific indefinites. It is still disputed even whether specificity is a matter of semantics of pragmatics. In this paper, I introduce some properties of specific indefinites, and explain them based on the meaning of specificity. Specificity intuitively means that the speaker or someone else in the context has some individual in mind, which is generally accepted among liguistics. The main issue is how to represent the meaning of 'have-in-mind'. I review some philosophical discusstions of cognitive contact and show that when the use of an expression involves 'have-in-mind', the expression is rigid designator in the belief of the agent who has an individual in mind. in the use of a specific indefinite, this applies only to the information state of the agent of 'have-in-mind'. To represent this asymmetry, I propose a new theory of dynamic semantics, in which a common ground consists of multiple information states, as many as the number of the participants in a conversation. Moreover, each information state is structured as a set of epistemic alternatives, which is a set of possible information states of a participant in the context. Based on this semantics, the properties of specific indefinites are explained.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 2001년도 Bulletin of The 5th Asian Design Conference International Symposium on Design Science
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• pp.30.1-30
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• 2001

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.69-92
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• 2005

Pattern recognition in cognitive agents is based on (i) the uninterpreted input data (e.g. parameter values) provided by the agent's hardware devices and (ii) and interpreted patterns (e.g. templates) provided by the agent's memory. Computationally, the task consists in finding the memory data corresponding best to the input data, for any given input. Once the best fitting memory data have been found, the input is recognized by applying to it the interpretation which happens to be stored with the memorized pattern. This paper presents a fast converging procedure which starts from a few initially recognized items and then analyzes the remainder of the input by systematically checking for items shown by memory to have been related to the initial items in previous encounters. In this way, known patterns are tried first, and only when they have been exhausted, an elementary exploration of the input is commenced. Efficiency is improved further by choosing the candidate to be tested next according to frequency.