• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.301-312
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between attentional networks according to sex and reflection-impulsivity in the cognitive styles of young children. The subjects of the study were 78 5-year-old children from the kindergarten or daycare center in Busan(with 40 in the reflection group, and 38 in the impulsivity group). The tests were conducted by using the Mating Familiar Test and the Attentional Network Test for young children. The study has used two independent t-tests to find out the differences between attentional networks according to sex, and reflection-impulsivity in the cognitive styles of young children. The results of this study were as follows. First, the boys with reflection cognitive style were significantly slower than the girls with the same style(t=2.18, p<.05). Second, young children with reflection cognitive style were significantly faster in the case of alerting effects than those with impulsivity cognitive style(t=-2.53, p<.05). The young children with reflection cognitive style were slower than those with impulsivity cognitive style in the case of orienting effect(t=2.04, p<.05). Children with a combination of both conflict effect and reflection cognitive style were significantly faster than those with impulsivity cognitive style(t=-2.89, p<.01). The results of the study suggested that there was a difference between attentional networks according to sex and reflection-impulsivity cognitive styles of young children.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate (1) intention perspective taking, (2) cognitive cuing according to infant age, cue type, and emotional-situation fit, and (3) the relationship between a child's intention perspective taking and cognitive cuing. The subjects were 2 groups of 41 infants each aged 3- and S-years-old from two different day-care centers in Seoul and Kyonggi province. Each child was individually interviewed with pictorial tasks. There were significant differences in the children's intention perspective taking according to their age, type of intention, and intention-outcome fit. There were also significant differences in the children's cognitive cuing according to their age, cue type, and emotional-situation fit. A relationship between the intention perspective taking and cognitive cuing was also revealed that is, the thinking and application responses of cognitive cuing were positively related to the children's intention perspective taking.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of differences in computer-aided cognitive rehabilitation aimed at stroke patients on cognitive function and daily life. Methods: The study subjects were Gwangju, Jeonnam including the attention group (group I), memory group (group II), and visual perception group (group III), who were randomly placed in each of a 10 by one problem solving group (group IV). The PSSCogRehab was applied to all subjects who underwent eight weeks once a week after 20 minutes in each group by strengthening mediation 10 minutes 30 minutes total, with a five minute break in the middle. Results: Cognitive function and activities of daily living is security and inter-group differences before intervention, and post-test results in the memory training group II, the intervention group I, III, IV and more on cognitive function and activities of daily living compared to it was effective. Conclusion: The results of computer-aided cognitive rehabilitation measuring cognitive function and ADL in patients with stroke in accordance with the group I, III, and IV group cognitive function and activities of daily living compared to IV showed that it was more effective.

• 감성과학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2019

Extant research has proposed that the Object-Spatial-Verbal cognitive style can elucidate individual differences in the preference for modality-specific information. However, no studies have yet ascertained whether this type of information processing evinces structural correlations in the brain. Therefore, the current study used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses to investigate individual differences in gray matter volumes based on the Object-Spatial-Verbal cognitive style. For this purpose, ninety healthy young adults were recruited to participate in the study. They were administered the Korean version of the Object-Spatial-Verbal cognitive style questionnaire, and their anatomical brain images were scanned. The VBM results demonstrated that the participants' verbal scores were positively correlated with regional gray matter volumes (rGMVs) in the right superior temporal sulcus/superior temporal gyrus, the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus/fusiform gyrus, and the left inferior temporal gyrus. In addition, the rGMVs in these regions were negatively correlated with the relative spatial preference scores obtained by individual participants. The findings of the investigation provide anatomical evidence that the verbal cognitive style could be decidedly relevant to higher-level language processing, but not to basic language processing.

• 아동학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.91-107
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to examine the social and cognitive competence of the only children in comparison with children with siblings. The sample consisted of 360 children from kindergartens, elementary schools(2nd and 5th grades), middle schools and high schools in Seoul. Data were gathered through questionnaires on social and cognitive competencies. The results were as follows: (1) The differences in social and cognitive competence between only children and sibling children varied by age of the child. (2) There were no significant differences according by sex in social competence and cognitive competence among both only children and sibling children. (3) The voluntariness of fertility outcomes was not related either to the social or cognitive competence of only children for each age group.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 및 국제감성 심포지엄
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• pp.157-160
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• 2007

Based on Nisbett and his colleagues' theoretical model "Holistic" and "Analytic" which show the differences in cognitive style of Eastern Asian and Westerners, the author hypothesized that the differences in cognitive style of people from diverse cultural backgrounds may influence their perception and usage of webpage. An experiment was carried out and the Eye-gaze device was used to assist to explore the relationship. The results revealed the relationship between cognitive style and webpage design. different cognitive style results different viewing pattern on webpage. Chinese people are more likely to have a holistic view of the whole page first and then focus on detail, while French people tend to read the heading information first and then proceeding down the page. Chinese emphasized the background as well as the whole look and feel of the webpage more, while French noticed the independent contents and element designs more on the webpage.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify the factors affecting the cognitive function according to the education level of people aged 65 or older. Methods: This study used the data from the 2014 survey of living conditions and welfare needs of Korean older adults. A total of 10,248 people were analyzed in the final analysis, not including those who responded by proxy and those who did not participate in cognitive function tests. Cognitive function was measured by Mini Mental State Examination -Dementia Screening(MMSE-DS), and logistic regression was performed using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: There were differences in factors affecting cognitive function depending on the education level. Overall, regular exercise had a positive effect on maintaining cognitive function, and the higher the education level, the more important it was to maintain the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADL). In addition, for lower education levels, improving the life satisfaction was important to prevent the decline of cognitive function. Conclusions: Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that customized approaches shoud be taken according to education level when developing and implementing programs to prevent the decline of cognitive function.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2020

본 연구는 인지 중재프로그램에 따른 경증치매노인의 인지기능, 자아존중감, 생활만족도의 차이를 알아보고자 실시되었다. 2018년 7월부터 10월까지 G시에 위치한 요양병원에 입원중인 경증치매노인 30명을 대상으로 전산화인지프로그램과 인지통합프로그램, 전산화인지프로그램과 인지통합프로그램을 병행한 프로그램을 주 2회 30분씩 총 12주 적용하였으며, 전산화인지프로그램과 인지통합프로그램을 병행한 프로그램은 전산화인지프로그램 15분과 인지통합프로그램 15분을 병행하여 적용하였다. 사전 및 사후평가는 인지기능, 자아존중감, 생활만족도 검사를 실시하였다. 인지 중재프로그램을 적용한 각각 세 집단의 인지기능, 자아존중감, 생활만족도의 전후를 알아본 결과 모든 항목에서 유의미한 수준으로 향상되었다. 인지 중재프로그램에 따른 경증치매노인의 인지기능, 자아존중감, 생활만족도의 차이를 알아본 결과 모든 항목에서 전산화인지프로그램과 인지통합프로그램을 병행하여 적용한 집단이 높은 효과를 보였다. 따라서 노인의 인지기능, 자아존중감, 생활만족도 향상을 위해 대상자의 특성에 따라 다양한 인지 중재프로그램을 적용한다면 효과적인 작업치료 중재가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.147-161
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• 2020

본 연구는 초고령노인의 인지기능을 생애과정이라는 연속선상에서 이해하고자 70대 이후 10년간의 인지기능의 변화를 살펴보고, 인지기능 변화에서 집단 내 차이에 주목하여 서로 다른 궤적의 유형을 살펴보고자 하였다. 또한 배우자 상실과 성별이 인지기능 변화궤적의 다양성과 어떠한 관련이 있는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2006년(1차)부터 2016년(6차)까지 총 6차년도 '고령화연구패널'의 응답자 800명을 대상으로 잠재유형성장분석과 다항로지스틱 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 잠재유형성장분석 결과, 분석대상자들의 인지기능 변화궤적은 세 가지의 유형, 인지기능의 초기값이 높고 이를 유지하는 [고기능 유지형], 초기값이 낮으며 이후 지속적인 감소를 보이는 [저기능 감소형], 그리고 중간수준의 초기값을 유지하는 [중기능형]으로 구분되었다. 다항로지스틱 분석을 통해 유형과 결혼상태 및 성별과의 관련성을 살펴본 결과, 성별과 결혼상태를 함께 고려하는 경우 여성이 남성에 비해 [고기능 유지형]에 비해 [저기능 감소형]이나 [중기능형]에 속할 가능성이 유의하게 높았다. 성별을 고려하지 않는 경우에는 결혼상태와 인지기능 변화유형과의 관련성이 유의하게 나타나, 유배우상태가 유지된 사람들에 비해 조사기간 중 사별을 경험한 사람들은 [고기능 유지형]에 비해 [저기능 감소형]에 속할 확률이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 고령자들의 인지기능 변화가 하나의 궤적을 따르기보다는 다양한 궤적 유형이 존재한다는 점을 보여준다. 또한 이러한 인지기능의 다양성을 이해하는데 있어 성별과 결혼상태, 특히 결혼상태를 배우자 존재 여부의 고정된 상태가 아닌 배우자 상실과 같이 결혼상태에서의 변화 경험을 함께 고려하는 것이 필요하다는 점을 시사한다.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.453-457
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• 2012

The Goal of this study was to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function of elderly people. The participants' cognitive functions were measured before exercise. Exercise was practiced three times a week for nine weeks. The aerobic exercises consisted of warm-up exercises for five minutes followed by cycling for 30 minutes. The exercise intensity was set to 65%~75% of the intensity for the maximum heart rate(220-age). The control group did not perform any exercises. The subjects' cognitive functions were measured nine weeks later. In the aerobic exercise group, between before and after the exercises, significant increases appeared in total K-MMSE scores and scores of some sub items comprising memory registration, concentration and calculation abilities but not in other items. In the control group, no significant differences appeared in any items between before and after the experiment. In a comparison between the aerobic exercise group and the control group, significant differences appeared in total K-MMSE scores and scores of two sub items comprising concentration and calculation abilities but not in other items(p<.05). Aerobic exercises were effective in the improvement of cognitive functions and among sub items of cognitive functions, concentration and calculating abilities were improved. Aerobic exercises performed by elderly persons are considered to be effective in improving cognitive functions.