• 영재교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.59-76
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• 2015

본 연구는 초등과학영재의 가설설정 능력과 가설설정에서 나타나는 특성을 탐색하고 메타인지와의 관계를 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 2013학년도 광역시 소재 대학교 부설 과학영재교육원 초등과학반 19명으로 선정하였으며, 가설설정 서술형 검사지, 메타인지 검사지, 과학수업방법 선호도 조사지를 활용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 가설설정 검사지의 서술형 응답자료는 가설의 내용이 과학지식에 기반하고 논리적으로 설정한 과학적 가설인지 또는 비과학적 가설인지로 분류하였으며, 비과학적 가설의 특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 초등과학영재들이 제시한 가설에서 과학적 가설은 47%(38개 가운데 18개)로 나타나 낮은 수준이었다. 특히 비과학적 가설은 53%로 인과관계가 분명하게 드러나지 않거나, 검증 불가능한 가설을 제시하는 특성이 가장 빈번하게 나타났다. 또한 가설설정 능력 및 가설의 특성은 탐구문제와 변인을 추출하는 과정을 제시하는지 여부에 따라 차이가 나타났다. 탐구문제와 변인추출과정이 제시된 경우에 더 높은 가설설정 능력을 보여주었다. 메타인지는 선행연구의 연구대상인 과학영재보다 높은 수준으로 나타났으며, 계획, 점검, 조절 가운데 점검 전략을 가장 빈번하게 사용하였다. 탐구문제를 스스로 제시하고 변인을 스스로 추출해야 하는 비구조화된 상황에서는, 가설설정 능력과 메타인지의 하위요소 조절 사이에 유의미한(p<.05) 상관이 있었으며, 메타인지의 계획과 조절 사이에도 높은 상관을 보였다. 메타인지의 조절 수준이 높은 학생들과 낮은 학생들의 가설설정 능력과 선호하는 과학수업방법에서도 차이나 나타났으며, 메타인지의 조절 수준이 낮은 학생의 경우는 가설을 스스로 설정하고 변인을 스스로 추출하는데 어려움을 겪는 것으로 나타났다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1133-1142
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of science classes using abductive strategies on the scientific concept understanding and meta-cognition. The subjects included two classes of sixth graders from K Elementary School in B Metropolitan City and they divided into two groups. Research group was composed of 21 students(10 boys, 11 girls) and comparative group was composed of 21 students(11 boys, 10 girls). In order to achieve aims of this study, proper contents to apply abductive strategies were selected from the first semester science curriculum for sixth graders. Also five-steps study papers were designed to elicit abductive reasoning. While the research group received 20 times of reframed science lessons using abductive strategies, the comparative group received common science lessons according to the teachers' manual. The results of this study are as follows. First, science classes using abductive strategies were effective for the scientific concept understanding. Also there were statistically significant differences between the research group and the comparative group in overall science sub-domain. In the process of hypothesis formulating, students tried to find out scientific causes thoroughly to present the optimal explanation and they concentrated on the analysis of each scientific concept. It is thought that this process contributed to better understanding in scientific concepts. Second, science classes using abductive strategies were effective for improving meta-cognition. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups and especially in monitoring that is one of sub-factors of meta-cognition. It indicates that hypothesis formulating process gave positive effect on meta-cognition by stimulating critical thinking and manifesting elaboration.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.143-160
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• 2003

Due to the dramatic and situational change in medical industry, it has became very important to keep existing patients and to attract new patients by monitoring the medical consumer's expectation and various needs and ensuring the patients' satisfaction. This study regards the patients' satisfaction as the final object of medical service. So the object of this study is to provide useful data for the decision making and medical service marketing by exploring the problems generated by the cognition difference for the medical service between inpatients and outpatients, by responding for the problems and by examining the relationship between the satisfaction with the medical service and revisiting. To achieve the object of this study, literature research and empirical analysis were used. I establish the research model based on the existing service marketing and some hypotheses were chosen for the empirical analysis. As a result of empirical analysis for the five hypotheses, two hypotheses were chosen. First, there was cognition difference about accessibility and convenience between inpatient and outpatient. I guess that the satisfaction degree of inpatient is higher than the outpatient because the inpatient has the reliability for the hospital and determines the hospitalization or emergent coming to hospital. Second, the fifth hypothesis, "the satisfaction of patient will influence the revisiting." was chosen. The hypothesis is not only coincident with existing scholars and studies but also it provides the meaningful points for medical service marketing. The result shows that the parties concerned with hospital management should endeavor for the patient satisfaction in medical service, and that hospital management should be medical consumer centered. To measure the quality of medical service, the cognition differences for accessibility, convenience, physical environment, and human service were evaluated and the result shows that the cognition difference for the accessibility and convenience was outstanding. The analysis shows that there was cognition difference in the four categories among six subcategories in the human service -- the attitude of medical technologist, the attitude of doctor, the length of time for doctor's diagnosis for the patient and doctor's explanation. Therefore, I think that further study is required for the cause analysis for service categories which have cognition difference between inpatient and outpatient. I think the result will be very useful. Through this study, the relationship between patient satisfaction with the medical service and revisiting was verified. And it suggests that, to face the changing medical environment actively and to improve the quality of medical service, marketing strategy should be focused not on medical service providers but on medical service consumers and that the further studies for the medical consumer should be continued.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

This research is progressed to look out for efficient expression-elements of eroticism used in advertisements. Since these expressions of eroticism appealing to sex which is one of the primitive instincts of mankind are increasing in advertisements of cosmetic products which are used more often by recent high-rate-growth and the elevation of living conditions. The most usual expression-elements of eroticism in advertisement are exposure, pose, fashion style, make up, hair style and color. To analyze those expression-elements we made four pieces of fashion advertisement photos with four different types and surveyed both fashion majored students and non-fashion majored students. We applied regression analysis, ANOVA, and frequency analysis to verify the hypothesis. We found that in eroticism, the pose was the most important cognitive feature among the expression-elements and degree of cognition are varied according to major field and sexual interest. As a result, degree of cognition which effected by expression-elements will be varied even in same advertisement. In particular, convincing that the pose was the significant factor of eroticism cognition, expression of eroticism in advertisement would be more diverse and daring.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.9-31
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• 2023

본 연구는 복잡하고 다양한 컨설팅 프로젝트에 참여하는 구성원들의 서로 다른 인식체계와 서로 다른 지식체계에 대한 프로젝트의 팀성과에 영향을 미치는 팀협업의 연구다. 본 연구의 목적은 컨설팅 프로젝트의 인지적 상호작용 과정에서 팀공유인지, 팀정보교류, 팀지식통합, 팀효능감의 매개효과를 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 연구모형과 연구가설을 수립하였다. 컨설팅 프로젝트에 참여한 컨설턴트를 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 연구가설에 대한 실증적 분석을 위해 인구통계학적 분석, 타당도 및 신뢰성 분석, 가설검정을 위한 구조모형 분석, 팬텀 변수를 이용한 매개효과 분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 팀성과를 높이기 위해서는 인식체계인 팀공유인지 및 팀정보교류의 개선이 필요하며, 지식체계인 팀지식 통합이 함께 향상되어야 한다. 따라서 서로 다른 인지 및 지식체계를 통합하고, 서로의 전문성을 신뢰하며, 성공적으로 팀 작업을 수행할 수 있는 팀효능감이 필요하다. 그리고 향후 인지 과정의 하위요인에 관한 연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.385-394
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• 2013

최근 의료시장이 글로벌화 되면서 인터넷 정보의 중요성이 인식되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 인터넷 정보를 갖고 의료관광 추구 편익 요인들이 관광 브랜드 자산 요인을 통하여 의료관광지 선택 의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미친다는 가설을 가진 연구 모형을 갖고 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 건강 및 미용 추구가 인지 및 품질 매개 요인에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못한 반면, 서비스 및 자연 추구가 인지 및 품질 매개 요인에는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 체험 추구가 인지 및 품질에는 유의하지 않았다. 그리고 인지 및 품질 매개 요인은 최종 종속 요인인 의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나왔다. 이러한 가설 결과를 통하여 제주 지역 내 의료관광을 육성하는 정책자 입장에서는 기존에 제주지역이 지니고 있는 서비스와 인지도의 향상의 중요성을 감안하고, 이에 기반을 둔 의료관광 상품 개발에 기본적 근간으로 인식해야 할 것이다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that administration of the air with 30% oxygen compared with normal air (21% oxygen) enhances cognitive functioning through increased activation in the brain. Seventeen college students (right­handed, average age of 24.3) were selected as subjects for this study. An oxygen supply equipment that provides 21% and 30% oxygen at a constant rate of 8L/min was developed. In order to measure the performance level of visuospatial and verbal cognition, two psychological tests were developed. The experiment consisted of two runs, one for cognition task with normal air (21% oxygen) and the other for cognition task with hyperoxic air (30% oxygen). Visuospatial and verbal tasks were presented while brain images were scanned by a 3T fMRI system using the single-shot EPI method. The results showed that there was an improvement in performance and also increased activation in several brain areas in the higher oxygen condition. These results suggest that while performing cognitive tasks, high concentrations of oxygen administration make oxygen administration sufficient, thus making neural network activate more, and the ability to perform cognitive tasks increase.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors influencing acceptance (e.g., comprehension,) and diffusion of information recipients' by depending on the authenticity of news. Specifically, this study has examined the effects of the news contents(political vs. general), need for cognition(high vs. low) and authenticity of the News(real news vs. fake news) on both acceptance and diffusion of news. Based on previous work, this study has developed a conceptual model to present each research hypothesis and tested it by conducting experiments as the follows. As a result, according to the authenticity of the news and the contents of the news (political and general), the acceptance of political contents was high regardless of the authenticity of the news, and the acceptance of real news was higher than that of fake news. However, in the proliferation (comment), both the political contents and the general contents showed the characteristic of spreading (commenting) fake news rather than real news. contrary to this, the cognitive level did not show any significant difference in acceptance (understanding) and proliferation (comment, sharing, recommendation). This study provides academic implications in that it examines the influences of accepting (comprehension) and diffusion (comment, sharing, recommendation) of real news and fake news. It also provides practical implications for responding to fake news and new marketing strategies in an environment where contents are delivered through diverse social media.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.385-393
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• 2006

연구에서는 고등학교 화학 수업에서 개방적 가설검증 학습모형을 적용한 과학 탐구학습을 실시하고, 학생들의 인지 수준에 따른 과학 탐구능력, 과학 수업에 대한 태도에 미치는 효과와 수업에 대한 인식을 알아보았다. 서울에 소재한 남자 고등학교 2학년 4개 학급의 학생들(92명)을 대상으로 개방적 가설검증 학습모형을 적용한 과학 탐구학습을 실시한 처치집단과 실험과정이 모두 제시된 실험 수업을 실시한 통제집단으로 배치한 후, 화학의 ‘금속과 그 이용' 단원에 대해서 수업을 실시하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면, 개방적 가설검증 학습모형을 적용한 과학 탐구학습은 과학 탐구능력 향상에 관해서 실험설계, 자료 변환 및 해석, 가설검증의 영역에서 유의미한 효과가 있었으며 문제 파악 및 정의, 가설설정의 영역에서는 효과가 없었다. 한편, 개방적 과학 탐구학습에서 학생들의 역할 및 수행할 과제의 증가로 인해 과학 수업에 대한 태도는 처치집단에 부정적인 효과가 나타났다.

• 인문언어
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• 제7집
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• pp.335-353
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• 2005

In recent years there has been much discussion about whether there is a critical, or sensitive period for language acquisition. Research on a critical period provides an excellent example around which we can organize a discussion of the behavioral and neural evidence. In this paper, the early history of critical periods and evidence for the existence of critical periods in various domains of human cognition and learning are reviewed. Followed by this overview, evidence for a critical period in both linguistic and non linguistic area are presented. The paper then provides some unresolved questions regarding a critical period in language acquisition and states what the outcome of this issues mean for an understanding of language acquisition. Finally the paper concludes with some educational implications of a critical period for practice.