• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2015

Rosa canina L. is health functional food materials that can help to temporarily relieve symptoms of arthritis. This study has been conducted to develop and validate analytical methods for hyperoside of Rosa canina L.. Methods based on HPLC with ultraviolet detection (UVD) were established through instrumental analytical conditions, and the examination of data, such as domestic and foreign reliable methods and journals. HPLC UVD analysis using Capcell Pak $C_{18}$ MG II column at 353 nm was determined on test through the column, mobile phase. The validation has been performed on the method to determine linearity, accuracy, limits of quantification (LOQ) and repeatability for hyperoside. The method showed high linearity in the calibration curve at a coefficient of correlation ($R^2$) of 0.999, and the LOQ was $0.393{\mu}g/mL$. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values of data from repeatability precision was between 0.6 and 2.6%. Recovery rate test at hyperoside scored between 98 and 99%. These results indicate that the established HPLC method is very useful for the determination of hyperoside in Rosa canina L. to develop a health functional material.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.29-34
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• 2017

Factors of Zero-Energy Building are divided into active and passive factor. Passive factor means insulation, heat bridge of building like insulation, windows and doors, awning, outside etc. and active factor means energy output and efficiency coefficient. Energy output of active factor is achieved by new generating energy. This study anticipated how many effects will be produced when not new generating energy but Vehicle to Building; V2B, bi-directional charging and discharging technology, is applied to Zero-Energy Building. In new generating energy, power generation will be anticipated by geography and climate, but in V2B, several input variable like user's discharging intention and number of usable charger etc. should be considered. We can check how much V2B contribute to the Zero-Energy Building by anticipated results, and that results should be anticipated by using probabilitic method because there is few statistical data. This study anticipate change of charging and discharging pattern, based by Demand Response slot, by using monte carlo method among the probabilitic methods.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2005

As a basic research for the development of a non-invasive blood glucose sensor using millimeter waves, we have presented a method for measuring the dielectric properties of high loss dielectrics, based on the reflection method, and investigated the variation of the dielectric properties of glucose-water and glucose -0.9% NaCl solutions in the 10～90 GHz range. In the proposed method, a minimal reflection condition is formed by placing a specially-chosen low-loss plane-parallel plate in front of a high-loss medium under test at a given frequency range. Using the minimal power reflection coefficient and the corresponding frequency at this condition, tile dielectric properties of the medium can be determined. The measured results on pure water have shown the adequacy of the proposed method. The measured results on glucose-water and glucose -0.9% NaCl solutions in the 10～90 GHz range showed that the variations of the dielectric properties of glucose solutions according to the change of their glucose concentration were maximum in the 30～45 GHz range. From these facts we concluded that the variation of about 3 mole/L in the glucose solutions must be distinguished With the measurement accuracies of ±0.1 dB and ±0.01 GHz.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.380-390
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• 2015

In this study, the major 38 tributaries in Nakdong River were monitored for flow rate and water quality in order to understand the characteristics of the watershed and to find improvement plan. The flow rate and water quality for each target tributary were evaluated based on the monitoring data in 2013~2014 using a statistical package SPSS-22.0. In addition, the tributary grouping method was conducted using a $BOD_5$ concentration/flowrate and TP concentration/flowrate monitoring data. The average values of $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$, TP and TOC concentrations in Gumicheon, Gyeonghocheon, Jincheoncheon, Gisegokcheon, Yonghacheon and Yonghocheon located at Nakdong Waegwan and Nakdong Goryung watershed were high and in the grade of III or IV (5~8 mg/L). The Pearson correlation coefficients of TOC with $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$, and TP were greater (r=0.8, p<0.01) than those of the other water quality parameters (12 species). The tributaries with high values of water quality parameters ($BOD_5$ > 3.0 mg/L, TP > 0.1 mg/L) and flowrate (Q > $0.1m^3/sec$) were selected for improving water quality according to the stream grouping method. Five tributaries (Gumicheon, Gisegokcheon, Yonghacheon, Yeongsancheon, Mijeoncheon and Yonghocheon) were classified as Group I, which require polices and plans for water quality improvement.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.89-98
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• 2023

Currently, no guidelines exist regarding the maximum residues of pesticides in edible oil which is a processed food commonly consumed in Korea. This lack of guidelines hinders the evaluation of the safety of edible oil in terms of pesticide contamination. In this study, an analysis method based on heat distillation and GC-MS/MS was established by optimizing the extraction and purification procedure for 68 pesticides. Important variables in the thermal distillation procedure included heating temperature and time, and we found the nitrogen flow rate as a mobile phase and the type of dissolving solvent were not considerably affected. The determination coefficient (R²) of the residual pesticide was 0.99 or higher, and the quantitative limit (LOQ) was 0.01-0.02 mg/L. The average recovery rate (n=5) was 66.1-120.0% and the relative standard deviation was lower than ±10% when 68 pesticides were spiked at concentrations of 0.01-0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/L. In addition, the within-laboratory precision was less than ±11%, meeting the Korea Food and Drug Safety Evaluation Institute's Guidelines on Standard Procedures for Preparing Food Testing Methods (2016). Therefore, the test method developed in this study can be used as a test method for managing the safety of the residual pesticide concentration in edible oil.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.420-429
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• 2023

GC-MS/MS using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and C18 cartridges was used to identify and quantify levels of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and permethrin in bulk raw milk. A calibration curve spanning 10 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL was obtained with a satisfactory correlation coefficient of 0.99. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) for chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin in the matrix ranged from 0.06 to 1.81 ng/mL and 0.19 to 6.04 ng/mL, respectively. The recoveries of 5 pesticides from spiked samples at 37.5-125 ng/mL ranged from 86.1 to 102.1%. The measurement of uncertainty of the GC-MS/MS method for these five pesticides was developed based on the analytical process and quantification. An analysis method that is easier and faster than the method specified in the Korean food standards codes for analyzing these five pesticides in raw material milk was developed. Moreover, the analytical method for chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin in bulk raw milk by GC-MS/MS was established.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.400-409
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• 2016

The geospatial information industry has the advantage of being able to converge with other industries to create new value. Therefore, efforts are underway to promote the growth of this dwindling national industry by endorsing policies and initiatives to promote its convergence with other industries. In this study, feedback was collected from experts in various fields through three rounds of polls using the Delphi method. The poll results were used to investigate the causes of hindrance to the growth of the geospatial information industry and to build a comprehensive solution to this problem. As a result, 27 strategies were constructed based on the users' requirements related to policy, data and service, including the demands for establishing public polling methods, enhancing data quality and advertisement. Since the coefficient of variance fell between 0.11 and 0.20 in the importance evaluation, an amicable consensus was reached between the experts. Considering that the convergence of industries is achieved through the integration of various types of technology and information, it is important to consider the requirements of users in different industries. In this respect, the results of this study will serve as a useful base for constructing mid-to-long term road maps to promote the development of the geospatial information industry.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.265-273
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• 1982

The effect of ${\pi}$ bonds on the calculated dipole moments for square planar and tetrahedral [M(II)$O_2S_2$]] type complexes has been investigated by two different approaches. One is the approximate molecular orbital method based on the assumption that the mixing coefficient CM of the valence basis sets for the central metal ion and the appropriate ligand orbitals is equal for all ${\sigma}$ and ${\pi}$ bonding molecular orbitals. The other is the more refined calculation based on the semiempirical LCAO-MO method. If ${\sigma}$ bonds only are assumed to be formed, the calculated dipole moments for square planar and tetrahedral complexes are lower than those of the experimental values. If the contribution of ${\pi}$ bonds to the calculated dipole moments are fully considered, the calculated dipole moments for both square planar and tetrahedral [M(II)$O_2S_2$]] type complexes are higher than the experimental values. However if ${\pi}$ bonds are assumed to be delocalzed, the calculated dipole moments for tetrahedral [M(II$O_2S_2$]] type complexes fall in the range of the experimental values, but those for square planar complexes deviate from the experimental values. These results suggest that [M(II)$O_2S_2$]] type complexes may have the tetrahedral structure in inert solvent solution. This structure is in agreement with the experimental one. The calculated dipole moments for tetrahedral [M(II)$O_2S_2$]] type complexes indicate that the contribution of ${\pi}$ bonds to the calculated dipole moments may not be neglected.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.209-220
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• 2003

Modification of general Hoek and Brown criterion is carried out to estimate the shaft resistance of drilled shaft socketed into rock mass. Since the general Hoek-Brown criterion can consider the in-situ state of the rock mass, the proposed method, estimating the unit shaft resistance of drilled shafts based on the Hoek-Brown criterion, has increased flexibility compared to other methods exclusively considering uniaxial compressive strength of intact rocks. The proposed method can form the upper and lower bounds, and most culled data (from 21 pile load tests) from the literature can be found between these two bounds. A comparison between the estimated and observed unit shaft resistances shows quite a good correlation even with crude assumptions for the input parameters. The best-fit line drawn from this analysis shows that at the lower strength of intact rocks (up to 10MPa), Horvath and Kenney's equation shows a good correlation with the measured values, and fur strong rocks Rosenberg and Journeaux's equation provides a close estimation with colleted data. The results of parametric studies for GSI and confining stress show that the normalized unit shaft resistance increases with these two factors. In addition, coefficient of the equational form of the estimation can vary with GSI and confining stresses.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1440-1447
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• 2019

Currently, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in children is reported to be higher and shows various types of disorders. In particular, they are having difficulty in communication due to communication impairment in the area of social communication and need to be improved through training. Thus, this study proposes a method of acquiring voice information through a microphone mounted on a robot designed through preliminary research and using this information to make intelligent motions. An ANN(Artificial Neural Network) was used to classify the speech data into robot motions, and we tried to improve the accuracy by combining the Recurrent Neural Network based on Convolutional Neural Network. The preprocessing of input speech data was analyzed using MFCC(Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient), and the motion of the robot was estimated using various data normalization and neural network optimization techniques. In addition, the designed ANN showed a high accuracy by conducting an experiment comparing the accuracy with the existing architecture and the method of human intervention. In order to design robot motions with higher accuracy in the future and to apply them in the treatment and education environment of children with autism.