• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.151-162
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality change of fresh-cut tumeric (Curcuma Longa Linne) according to packaging method during storage time. The fresh-cut tumeric were packaged in three different methods : degassing valve packaging (DVP), $CO_2$ gas absorber packaging (CAP) and micro-perforated packaging (MPP). After the samples were packaged, they were stored for 15 days at 4 and $23^{\circ}C$ respectively. The following parameters were observed to indicate the quality changes of the samples: weight loss, CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ colour difference, variation of gas composition inside the package, curcumin contents and changes in hardness of fresh-cut tumeric. DVP did not effectively release $CO_2$ gas to the outside. MPP was suitable to release $CO_2$ gas. However, MPP showed very fast browning and erosion, because a large amount of oxygen was introduced through the perforated hole on the film. CAP was most effective packaging method to inhibit browning, to prevent expansion of the packaging by $CO_2$ gas and to minimize weight loss of fresh-cut tumeric.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.62-73
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the genetic relationship of Flammulina velutipes with other species. The ribosomal DNA cluster containing 4 rRNA genes from F. velutipes 4154 were sequenced. The length of the rDNA cluster sequence was estimated at 7,403 bp long and consisted of 1,806 bp of SSU rDNA, 245 bp of ITS 1 region, 159 bp of 5.8S rDNA, 308 bp of ITS 2 region, 3,402 bp of LSU rDNA, 1,400 bp of IGS 1 region, and 83 bp of 5S rDNA. The F. velutipes 4154 genes were contained in the rDNA cluster of F. velutipes in the order of SSU rDNA - ITS 1 - 5.8S rDNA - ITS 2 - LSU rDNA - IGS 1 - 5S rDNA. The phylogenetic relationships of 20 strains of Tricholomataceae and Physalacriaceae were analyzed by conducting distance analysis using the Neighbor-joining (NJ) method. The 20 strains used in this study were divided into three groups and the strains of the genus Flammulina were related very closely to strains of Physalacria bambusae.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.80-90
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• 2002

Clustering is a useful technique for grouping data points such that points within a single group/cluster have similar characteristics. Many clustering algorithms have been developed and used in engineering applications including pattern recognition and image processing etc. Recently, it has drawn increasing attention as one of important techniques in data mining. However, clustering algorithms such as K-means and Fuzzy C-means suffer from difficulties. Those are the needs to determine the number of clusters apriori and the clustering results depending on the initial set of clusters which fails to gain desirable results. In this paper, we propose a new clustering algorithm, which solves mentioned problems. In our method we use evolutionary algorithm to solve the local optima problem that clustering converges to an undesirable state starting with an inappropriate set of clusters. We also adopt a new measure that represents how well data are clustered. The measure is determined in terms of both intra-cluster dispersion and inter-cluster separability. Using the measure, in our method the number of clusters is automatically determined as the result of optimization process. And also, we combine heuristic that is problem-specific knowledge with a evolutionary algorithm to speed evolutionary algorithm search. We have experimented our algorithm with several sets of multi-dimensional data and it has been shown that one algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.922-929
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a deep learning model to detect fire extinguishers in images taken from CCTVs in underground utility tunnels. Method: Various fire extinguisher images were collected for detection of fire extinguishers in the running-based underground utility tunnel, and a model applying the One-stage Detector method was developed based on the CNN algorithm. Result: The detection rate of fire extinguishers photographed within 10m through CCTV video in the underground common area is over 96%, showing excellent detection rate. However, it was confirmed that the fire extinguisher object detection rate drops sharply at a distance of 10m or more, in a state where it is difficult to see with the naked eye. Conclusion: This paper develops a model for detecting fire extinguisher objects in underground common areas, and the model shows high performance, and it is judged that it can be used for underground common area digital twin model synchronizing.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2003

Previous phylogenetic studies on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolated from Korean patients suggest that the major subtype of Korean isolate is subtype B. In this subtype, some of the Korean isolates seem to be clustered exclusively of foreign isolates. Presence of this so-called “Korean clade” among Korean isolates is unique but needs verification since the number of Korean isolates used in previous studies was limited. This study aimed to identify the presence of the “Korean clade” by molecular phylogenetic analysis using all the Korean nef gene sequences registered in the NCBI GenBank (N=243) together with 32 reference strains and 77 foreign isolates. Extensive analysis of the nef gene nucleotide sequences by neighbor-joining method revealed the following. Most (83.1 ％) of the Korean isolates belonged to subtype B, and 81.2％ of subtype B were clustered together and excluded foreign isolates (bootstrap value=91.9％ ). Within Korean subtype B cluster, no characteristic subcluster formation was evident since the bootstrap values for the subcluster were very low. Due to limited information, the phylogenetic analysis failed to identify the epidemiological linkage among specific groups such as homosexuals and hemophiliacs within the Korean subtype B cluster. Detailed analysis and epidemiological information are needed to clarify the origin and significance of the Korean subtype B cluster.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.465-468
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• 2008

Clustering techniques in wireless sensor networks is developed to minimize the energy consumption of node, show the effect that increases the network lifetime. Existing clustering techniques proposed the method that increases the network lifetime equalizing each node's the energy consumption by rotating the role of CH(Cluster Head), but these algorithm did not present the resolution that minimizes the energy consumption of neighboring nodes with sink. In this paper, we propose the clustering algorithm that prolongs the network lifetime by not including a part of nodes in POS(Personal Operating Space) of the sink in a cluster and communicating with sink directly to reduce the energy consumption of CH closed to sink.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.928-938
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• 2008

This study presents an approach for approximation an unknown function from a numerical data set based on the synthesis of a neuro-fuzzy model. An adaptive input data space parting method, which is used for building hyperbox-shaped clusters in the input data space, is proposed. Each data cluster is implemented here as a fuzzy set using a membership function MF with a hyperbox core that is constructed from a min vertex and a max vertex. The focus of interest in proposed approach is to increase degree of fit between characteristics of the given numerical data set and the established fuzzy sets used to approximate it. A new cutting procedure, named NCP, is proposed. The NCP is an adaptive cutting procedure using a pure function $\Psi$ and a penalty function $\tau$ for direction the input data space parting process. New algorithms named CSHL, HLM1 and HLM2 are presented. The first new algorithm, CSHL, built based on the cutting procedure NCP, is used to create hyperbox-shaped data clusters. The second and the third algorithm are used to establish adaptive neuro- fuzzy inference systems. A series of numerical experiments are performed to assess the efficiency of the proposed approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 1996

Concept of the comfort and fitness has become a major concern in the basic function of the ready-made clothes. Until now, ready-made clothes were not made by on the basis of the bodytype, but by the body size only. This research was performed to classify and characterize the bodytypes of Korean adult males. Sample size was 1290 subjects and their age range was from 19 to 54 years old. 15 variables from the photographic data of 1112 subjects were applied to analyse the bodytype of th\ulcorner lower part of trunk. Data were analyzed by the multivariate method, especially factor and cluster analysis. The groups forming a cluster can be subdivided into 5 sets by crosstabulation extracted by the hierarchical cluster analysis. 5 bodytypes classified by the photographic sources could be combined with the anthropcmetric data and were demonstrated with 5 silhouette. Type 2 and 3 in the lower part of trunk were dominant and were composed of the majority of 56.8% of the subjects. Bodytypes of Korean males were influenced by the degree of posture erectness and of curvature of the front side of the body in waist and abdomen.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-133
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• 1993

To investigate the structure and the conservation strategy of natural forest at Dosolbong area in Mt. Sobaek, 20 plots(400$m^2$) set up with random sampling method. Three groups were classified by cluster analysis. High positive correlations was proved between Acer pseudo-sieboldianum and Tilia amurensis, Weigela subsessilis, Corylus heterophylla var. thunbergii and Stephanandra incisa, Lespedeza bicolor and Styrax obassia, and high negative correlations was proved between Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Symplocos chinensis, Carpinus cordata. Species diversity(H') of investigated area was calculated 2.2521-2.3772. Leontopodium japonicum community at Dosolbong area in Mt. Sobaek should be conserved.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2012

It is difficult to find an appropriate ordering policy for a many types of items. One of the reasons for this difficulty is that each item has a different demand trend. We will classify items by shipment trend and then decide the ordering policy for each item category. In this study, we indicate that categorizing items from their statistical characteristics leads to an ordering policy suitable for that category. We analyze the ordering policy and shipment trend and propose a new method for selecting the ordering policy which is based on finding the strongest relation between the classification of the items and the ordering policy. In our numerical experiment, from actual shipment data of about 5,000 items over the past year, we calculated many statistics that represent the trend of each item. Next, we applied the canonical correlation analysis between the evaluations of ordering policies and the various statistics. Furthermore, we applied the cluster analysis on the statistics concerning the performance of ordering policies. Finally, we separate items into several categories and show that the appropriate ordering policies are different for each category.