• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.160-169
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• 2004

Polystyrene/layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation. To examine the distribution of the clay in polymer matrix, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. Intercalated nanocomposites were obtained and their rheological properties were investigated. Microcellular nanocomposite foams were produced by using a supercritical fluid. As clay contents increased, the cell size decreased and the cell density increased. It was found that layered silicates could operate as heterogeneous nucleation sites. As the saturation pressure increased and the saturation temperature decreased, the cell size decreased and the cell density increased. Microcellular foams have different morphology depending upon the dispersion state of nanoclays.

• 한국유변학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유변학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.19-22
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• 2000

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 2000년도 봄 한국섬유공학회 학술발표회 논문집(Proceedings of the Korean Textile Conference)
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• pp.73-77
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• 2000

• 공업화학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 용융법에 의한 저밀도폴리에틸렌 나노복합재료를 제조하였으며, 구조변화, organo-clay의 분산정도, 열적 특성 및 난연 특성을 조사하였다. LDPE/PE-g-MA/organo-clay의 조성비가 90/10/1~10 (w/w/w)일 때, XRD 분석 결과 clay 층간간격이 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, TEM을 이용하여 organo-clay의 분산을 관찰하였는데, 대체적으로 organo-clay가 일정한 방향성을 가지며 잘 분산되어 있음을, 즉 삽입형(intercalation) 나노복합체가 형성되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 LDPE 나노복합재료의 분해온도가 순수한 LDPE에 비해 약 $80^{\circ}C$ 정도 상승함으로써 열적특성이 현저히 증가함을 알 수 있었고, organo-clay 5.0 wt% 범위 내에서 organo-clay의 함량이 증가함에 따라 LOI가 증가함을, 그 이상에서는 더 이상의 LOI 증가를 보이지 않음을 알 수 있었다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 organoclay를 혼합한 NR/BR blend의 가황특성, 동적점탄성 및 기계적 물성을 carbon black 및 silica를 함유한 배합고무와 비교 평가하였다. Solution 혼합법을 이용함으로써 광범위한 나노 복합체를 제조할 수 있었으며, 충전제의 함량은 10phr로 고정하였다. XRD 실험으로 clay의 삽입 및 박리정도를 측정하였다. 통상적인 혼합법을 이용할 경우 clay의 박리 또는 삽입정도가 미약한 반면 solution 혼합법을 이용할 경우 광범위한 박리형태의 clay 배합고무를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다. Clay 배합고무는 carbon black 및 silica를 함유한 배합고무에 비해 높은 tan ${\delta}$값을 나타내며, solution 혼합법을 이용할 경우 통상적인 혼합법에 의해 제조된 clay 배합고무에 비해 우수한 기계적 물성을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2006

In the present work, low density polyethylene (LDPE)/aliphatic polyester (APES)/organoclay ternary nanocomposites were prepared. In particular, the effect of a compatibilizer, polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH), on the morphology and properties of the ternary nanocomposites was investigated. LDPE/APES/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared through melt intercalation method using two different kinds of organoclay. The dispersibility of silicate clays in the nanocomposites was investigated by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The ternary nanocomposites showed higher tensile properties than the LDPE/APES blend did. The dispersibility and properties of nanocomposites containing Cloisite 30B were better than those of the nanocomposites containing Cloisite 20A. Unlike Cloisite 20A, hydroxyl groups in the intercalants in Cloisite 30B interlayer underwent a certain polar interaction with the carboxyl group of APES, favoring the intercalation of APES chains and the formation of LDPE/APES/Closite 30B nanocomposites. However, the introduction of the polar hydroxyl groups also enhanced the interaction with the silicate surface at the same time, thereby rendering somewhat difficult the replacement of the surface contacts by LDPE chains, and impeding the extensive intercalation and further exfoliation of Cloisite 30B in the LDPE/APES matrix. The compatibilizer enhanced the intercalation of the polymer chain inside the clay gallery and thus improved the mechanical properties of the ternary nanocomposites. Rheological measurements of the nanocomposites via frequency sweep experiment indicated a certain interaction between the clay platelet and the polymer molecules in the melted state.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2005

Biodegradable nanocomposites were prepared by mixing a polymer resin and layered silicates by the melt intercalation method. Internal structure of the nanocomposite was characterized by using the small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Nanocomposites having exfoliated and intercalated structures were obtained by employing two different organically modified nanoclays. Rheological properties in shear and extensional flows and biodegradability of nanocomposites were measured. In shear flow, shear thinning behavior and increased storage modulus were observed as the clay loading increased. In extensional flow, strain hardening behavior was observed in well dispersed system. Nanocomposites with the exfoliated structure had better biodegradability than nanocomposites with the intercalated structure or pure polymer.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of application of microwave energy for the fabrication of polymer/clay nanocomposite. APES/Clay nanocomposites were prepared at $130^{\circ}C$ for 30min with various amount of MMT or OMMT used the melt-intercalation method applied the classical and microwave heating source. APES/Clay samples were characterized by the means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmitted electron microscopy (TEM) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and rheometric dynamic analysis (RDA). It was found that intercalated or exfoliated state of the samples could be controlled by the clay type, clay content, and heating type.

• 멤브레인
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2005

키토산 필름은 농업, 식품과 제약 분야에서 응용이 가능하다. 그러나 키토산으로만 만들어진 필름은 기체투과성이 높고 기계적 물성에 약하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기체 투과성을 낮추고 기계적 물성을 높이기 위해 층상구조를 갖는 점토광물의 일종인 montorillonite (MMT)와 양이온 생체고분자인 키토산을 이용하여 양이온 교환과 수소결합과정을 통해 $Na^+-MMT$에 키토산을 삽입하여 키토산/Clay 나노복합재료를 제조하였다. 키토산/clay 나노 복합재료의 X-ray 회절패턴에서 $2\theta=7.5^{\circ}$에서 MMT의 basal reflection이 나타났고, $2\theta=3\~5^{\circ}$ 주위에서의 새로운 약하고 넓은 peak로서 더 낮은 각에서 MMT의 basal reflection의 이동에 의해 삽입된 나노 구조의 형성을 증명하였다. 또한 TGA thermogram를 이용하여 clay의 함유량이 증가할수록 제조된 나노복합재료의 열분해가 일어나는 범위의 질량감소가 줄어드는 것을 확인하므로서 내열성을 관찰하였다. 기계적 물성 성질을 측정하여 clay 함유량의 증가에 따른 인장 강도와 인장 모듈러스의 변화를 관찰하고, 키토산이 층상 실리케이트 내에 삽입하여 제조된 나노복합재료에서 clay의 함유량이 증가할수록 질소 투과경로의 tortuosity를 증가시켜서 기체 투과도를 감소시키는 것도 확인하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2019

The PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate)/clay nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ radical polymerizations with different clay contents (3 and 7 wt%) using microwave heating. The nanostructure, optical, and thermal properties of the synthesized PMMA/clay nanocomposites were measured by XRD, TEM, AFM, UV-vis, and TGA. It was found that the intercalated- or exfoliated structure of PMMA/clay nanocomposites was strongly dependent on the content of clay. Thus, the imposition of microwave-assisted polymerization facilitated a delamination process of layered silicates to achieve exfoliation state of interlayer distance. The PMMA/3 wt% C10A nanocomposite with well-dispersed and exfoliated clay nano-layers showed the good optical transparency similar to pure PMMA in this study. The thermal decomposition rates of the PMMA/clay nanocomposites become to be lower compared to that of the pure PMMA, indicating the intercalated- or exfoliated inorganic silicate has high thermal stability. A possible reason is that the thermally segmental motion of PMMA polymer into inorganic silicate interlayer spacing has increased the thermal stability of the PMMA/clay nanocomposites.