• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.135-146
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to accurately understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the main production area for the three vegetable crops such as Chinese cabbage, radish, and hot pepper. We applied the 8 landscape indices such as TA, NP, PD, LPI, LSI, PLADJ, COHESION, and CONNECT to 35 cities and counties using FRAGSTATS. In the case of main production area for Chinese cabbage, six cities and counties in Gangwon province were revealed as a relatively high degree of aggregation by cultivation parcels than other area. In addition, Gangneung city and Hongcheon county have been analyzed to be the most aggregated area in the case of radish and hot pepper, respectively. In the future, the spatial analysis method used in this study would be helpful to develop an effective regional plan of the main production area.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1181-1187
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• 2009

Results for application of RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) to selected wastes in metropolitan and small and medium cities are as follows. The physical characteristics of waste are paper, plastic, food waste, and so on. The proximate analysis in P city showed 20.2% of moisture, 71% of combustible material, and 8.8% of ash on annual average. That in G city showed 31.6% of moisture, 59.5% of combustible material, and 8.9% of ash. Ultimate analysis in P city showed 52.04% of carbon, 7.02% of hydrogen, 28.80% of oxygen, 0.66% of nitrogen, and 0.09% of sulfur. Heating value was 3,363 kcal/kg. Ultimate analysis in G city showed 50.85% of carbon, 6.56% of hydrogen, 29.86% of oxygen, 0.79% of nitrogen, and 0.12% of sulfur. Heating value in the G city was somewhat lower than that in the P city with 2,632 kcal/kg. Thus, application of RDF in metropolitan city was more effective than that in small and medium cities. Heating value in mixture for the P city was lower than that in waste of the volume rate waste charge system alone by 143 kcal/kg. In proximate analysis, moisture, and combustible material were likely to be more adequate to RDF.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to compare urban and rural seniors' perceptions on the eight aspects of the World Health Organization Age-Friendly Cities (AFC) initiative on Jeju Island, South Korea. Face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires were administered to 497 persons aged 65+ living on Jeju Island. Findings suggested that urban and rural held significantly different perceptions on five aspects of AFC (outdoor space and buildings, housing, civic participation and employment, community support and health services, and respect and social inclusion). Predictors of overall AFC score for all participants included age and living in a single-family home. Among urban dwellers, monthly household income and length of residence predicted AFC score while among rural seniors, predictors of AFC included educational attainment. To make communities more age-friendly, perspectives of older residents should be sought, shared, and reflected in policy and different strategies and priorities should be developed specific to urban and rural areas.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.12-30
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• 1993

The role establishment and the activation plan were proposed for 11 Science Institute of Education and 4 Education and Science Institutes located in 15 cities/provinces and Science Resource Centers of 179 municipal/provincial Educational Departments. We had conducted a survey of present status of those institutes and also the fact finding survey was conducted toward office workers asking what activities they must conduct, those they are processing well at present and those they don't like to conduct by quesionaire. It was found that since Science Institute of Education and Education and Science Institutes are under the direct control of Board of Education of cities/provinces, there were the Acts. However, many restrictions were in Science Resource Center because they have not the Acts under controled by municipal/provincial Educational Departments. As a result of a study, the standard of equipments and facilities and the activation plan of those institutes were suggested.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.331-332
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• 2015

Since $20^{th}$ century, along with the rapid industrial advancement, the concentrated urban development in specific large cities have made people migrate to those cities, thus causing problems in the power system stability. In case of Korea, more than 40% of the power system demand comes from the consumers in Seoul Metropolitan area and the rate is expected to increase. With the continuous increase of power demand, in order to meet the demand for system reliability improvement, the power system was multi-looped for reliability enhancement, the problem of fault current happened. In this situation, there are several methods for fault current reduction likes current limiting reactor, replacing circuit breaker, splitting busses, etc. But these methods reached its limit, power system needs more fundamental solutions such as grid segmentation. In this paper, we assume grid segmentation already has been progressed using VSC BTB HVDC. Then, this paper discusses operating point of HVDC in metropolitan area considering loss minimization and handy flow control. The simulation is proceeded on 2027 KEPCO system.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.77-88
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the models of apparel store patronage behavior of various store types for each of two clothing categories in terms of lifestyle activities, information sources, shopping orientations and store attributes. The data were collected via a questionnaire from 326 adult females of ages over 20's living in satellite cities around Seoul and were analyzed by factor analysis, Multiple Regression analysis and path analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There were significant relationships between lifestyle activities, information sources, shopping orientations and store attributes in both of formal wear and casual wear purchase. 2) Patronage behavior of department store in formal wear purchase was influenced by shopping activities, personal information sources, brand/store loyalty orientation. Regional store preference and store image attributes influenced the franchise store patronage behavior in formal wear purchase. Discount store patronage behavior in formal wear purchase was predicted by self-assurance/innovativeness and store image and service attributes. Information search of printed material/TV and store image and service attributes influenced off-price store patronage behavior for formal wear, while shopping activities and department store preference influenced off-price store patronage for casual wear. Traditional market patronage behavior for formal were was influenced only by brand/store loyalty, while traditional market patronage behavior for casual wear was influenced by sports activities, brand/store loyalty and price attributes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.1 s.215
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• pp.101-113
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the characteristics of the motifs on cultural goods in In-Sa-Dong Street, Seoul, with those in Art Street, City Hall, Kwang-ju. For this study, 607 cultural goods were collected from the two cities: 265 in Seoul and 342 in Kwang-ju. Total cultural goods were classified by accessories, decoration pieces, stationery and ceramics and were studied by repetition patterns, motifs types, representative techniques, and representative types. The results were as follows. First, for repetition patterns of motifs, there were 219 simple repetition patterns in Seoul, and 289 in Kwang-ju, and 46 compound repetition patterns in Seoul, and 53 in Kwang-ju. The ratio of simple repetition pattern was higher than that of compound repetition pattern in both cities. Second, for motif types, floral, animal, letter, and graphic motifs were used far more frequently than any other motif types. Third, for representative techniques, embroidery was far more frequently used than any other representative techniques. Metallic crafts, chil-bo and paper techniques were also favored. Fourth, for representative types, realistic types were more common than abstract types.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.535-558
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• 2008

This study evaluates seismic performance of the school buildings with the selected template designs in Turkey considering nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete components. Six school buildings with template designs were selected to represent major percentage of school buildings in medium-size cities located in high seismic region of Turkey. Selection of template designed buildings and material properties were based on field investigation on government owned school buildings in several cities in western part of Turkey. Capacity curves of investigated buildings were determined by pushover analyses conducted in two principal directions. The inelastic dynamic characteristics were represented by equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems and their seismic displacement demands were calculated under selected ground motions. Seismic performance evaluation was carried out in accordance with recently published Turkish Earthquake Code that has similarities with FEMA-356 guidelines. Reasons of building damages in past earthquakes are examined using the results of performance assessment of investigated buildings. The effects of material quality on seismic performance of school buildings were investigated. The detailed examination of capacity curves and performance evaluation identified deficiencies and possible solutions for template designs.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.455-478
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• 2008

The present study aims to estimate the wind ventilation performance for pedestrian level domains from the air quality point of view. Three typical models of a dense urban area were considered and numerically simulated in order to examine the effects of the geometry of such models on wind flow characteristics, which in turn affect the air quality, within the pedestrian domain of a street canyon located within this area. The calculated flow fields were employed to estimate the exceedance probabilities within the study domain using a new approach: air exchange rate within the domain. The study has been applied to nine cities in Japan: Tokyo, Osaka, Sapporo, Niigata, Fukuoka, Nagoya, Sendai, Yokohama, and Kyoto, based on their mean wind velocity data. The results demonstrated that the exceedance probability analysis of the pedestrian wind environment could be a valuable tool during the design stage of inhabited areas for the evaluation of pollutant-removal efficiency by the applied wind. Also, the calculated probabilities demonstrated substantial dependence on both the geometry of building arrays and the wind conditions of the nine cities.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

Recently, the population of Asian people has increased constantly in the United States., but appearances, culture and thoughts of Asian people are different with Americans in various ways, especially body shapes. Despite the recent developments in apparel size ranges in U. S. A., few changes have been made in sizing for Asian Women. Size ranges designed for Asian Women are not available on the mass market in U. S. A. They have many difficulties in finding clothing that fits well. Especially they do experience such as clothing problems in varying degrees. Therefore this research was designed to investigate the specific clothing problems of Asian Women in relation with size and fit, Asian Women's present means of resolving their clothing problems in U. S. A. 60 Asian Women in Twin cities, Minnesota were interviewed during the period of October, 1991. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics for demographic information on the selected sample and the chi-square test for relationships between the independent variables and clothing problems. The results indicated that most respondents had shopped in a department store and 38.3% of the respondents answered rarely-fit of suit. Also 40% of the respondents answered that pants length was too long. There were significant relationships between the demographic variables i.e. age, marital status, occupation, height and clothing problems of Asian women.