• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.3_4
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• pp.343-353
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• 2003

In this research, the fashion images, which expressed the same theme during the same season in four different fashion collections, were interpreted as emotional characteristics stemming from different factors according to the emotions and images of the regions where the collections were held. The theme, futurism appeared to be hackneyed and oppressive in Paris fashion which emphasized artistic representation of the theme. And futurism appeared to be expressed to be dazzling, unnatural in London fashion which was innovative and avant-garde. And the New York fashion, which accentuated practical, sportive, and elegant styles created active and graceful image about the futurism and the Milan fashion showed the balanced mixture of the three cities' images above. It is interpreted that our domestic fashion consumers think artistic, formative, original, and emotional images as hackneyed and oppressive. On the other hand, they feel comfortable, cheerful, unaffected and graceful about the images that are functional (rather than artistic), sportive, and moderately elegant. And the innovative and avant-garde images like the ones in London collection seem to make people feel unnatural, dazzled, and even depressed. In short, domestic fashion consumers think that the excessive, innovative, original, and formative fashion images appeared I London and Paris are hackneyed and dark rather than artistic, original, or dynamic. On the contrary, the moderate, practical, sportive and elegant New York images and the Milan's which equally showed the three cities' characteristics are regarded as comfortable, elegant, bright, and positive. This result indicates that the fashion market in certain regions seek shared fashion trends and the difference between the regions reflects the different interpretation of fashion themes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1286-1297
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• 2002

This study was aimed at conducting a survey and analyzing its results on the purchase and wearing conditions and design preference of sports casual wear among women and men in their twenties and thirties according to region, gender, age and income. The survey was administered using a website and was conducted among the persons who purchased sports casual wear more than once a year. The statistical results were analyzed from 497 questionnaires of respondents residing in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province, six metropolitan cities and other cities and provinces. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Results of wearing conditions and preference of sports casual wear : The respondents of the survey answered that they had purchased 1 or 2 clothing items for a year and the order of buying the popular wear ranked sport shirt, jacket, trousers respectively. They chose mostly shades of gray, and the most favored design type were a chin collar, a set-in sleeves, a mixed type of band cuffs and elastic band, side zip-pockets, a full-zip front fastener, alight warm-up hood, and a small front upper chest type logo; 2)Analysis of the differences in purchase and wearing conditions in accordance with region, gender, age and income : The largest proportion of respondents who answered thar had purchased 4 or more clothing items for a year were Seoul residents and in particular the residents south of the Han river. The customers under thirty usually obtained their information about sports casual wear by visiting stores in person. The men obtain a variety of information through printed materials and related Internet sites; 3) Analysis of preferential differences of the detailed partial design : The purchasers in their 20's preferred black white, and gray patterns, however that preference shifted for those in their late 20's and the preference for pastel colors increased. The purchasers in their 20's and mid 30's had a preference for a chin collar and an eight-shaped zip type pockets. The men preferred a band cuff and a detachable hood type but women favored an elastic band and a light warm-up hood type.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2012

To protect the life and property of the residence from diverse disasters, we have collected and analyzed the domestic and foreign residence evacuation plans. The results and proposals from the study can be summarized as in following. First, the contents and items in civil defense emergency evacuation plan guidelines should be stipulated more clearly and its' application should be extended. Second, uniformity must be established in non-coherent contents between cities and counties. Third, disaster-prone people are not considered in the evacuation plans. The disaster-prone people must be accounted by each cities and counties and an evacuation plan for them must be established. Fourth, most of the rooms for residence evacuations are second to third level, and they are defenseless against disasters like CBRNE. Considering these conditions, deploying transportation means that can support large-scale evacuations, quickly and effectively, must also be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2004

In the city of Asia like Seoul and Tokyo, aggregate power is poured into the city making which is suitable in new age. Large-scale re-development is active in various places as the present condition, As for the various East Asian cities, high-level utilization conversion of the land and high conversion of the building are advanced. As for these realities, the re-development is advanced in the situation that has not been clarified enough though it is true that green of the city has decreased. This research was aimed at the clarifying the allocation of greenery when proceeding with town planning projects by quantifying the possibility of allocating greenery in the form of rooftop landscaping in redeveloped areas. Moreover, the distribution of the green in the re-development region was calculated and the coexistence level of green space was calculated, The realities of a desirable green were clarified in the spectacle by understanding a sight and spatial continuousness in the green. In order to clarify the potentiality of roof greenery revaluating, the research was conducted by analyzing from aerial photographs, in Tokyo and Seoul, And the flow of the research was conducted by selection of research object area, taking pictures, acquisition of the aerial photography, rearrangement the data and the analysis. As a result, I was able to prepare a land vegetation coverage classification chart and obtain data pertaining to the level of urban and green tract of land for the researched cities of Tokyo and Seoul. By analyzing this data, we were able to indicate patterns of greenery unable to be obtained through data from ratio of vegetation coverage and ascertain the effectiveness of rooftop landscaping.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.89-103
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to clarify the relationship between parenting, job related stress and child care using data from working mother's in Korea and Japan. Methods: In this study, we conducted a survey of 125 Korean mothers who used childcare facilities in two cities and 170 Japan mothers who used childcare facilities in two cities. The questionnaire sought information about the mother's age, age of the youngest child, family composition, mother's occupation, parenting stress, job stress, appropriate parenting behavior and child maltreatment. Based on this survey data, it was tried to reveal the effective paths between parenting stress, job stress, appropriate parenting behavior and child maltreatment in order to provide the rationale for intervention by using SEM. Results: Child care was statistically significantly affected by parenting stress and job stress for both Korean and Japanese working mother's. Conclusions: The results of the research suggest the need to establish work-life balance policies to improve the balanced lives of working mother's.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.183-198
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• 2002

The purpose of this research is mainly to make an analysis and comparison of the purchasing behaviors of consumers in Mainland China and Taiwan. We precede this research with a questionnaire survey. In Mainland China, we targeted consumers of 10 department stores of the Parkson Plaza Co., Ltd. that are located in 10 different cities. In Taiwan, we selected 3 department stores of the Far Eastern Department Stores in 3 cities. The results of this analysis indicate the importance of quality attributes to the consumers for both Mainland China and Taiwan, albeit with some differentiations. The consumers in China are more focused on the merchandise for example as well as imitation, quality and price. Contrarily, the consumers in Taiwan are more attentive to service quality and parking Issues. On the level of evaluation of satisfaction, the differences are not so obvious for both sides. For example, the quality attributes of “No imitation products” and “Friendly servers” are ranked as the most satisfactory items for both sides. Generally speaking, the service quality of Taiwan's department stores is very outstanding. There are also some differences in the areas of lesser satisfaction between consumers of China and Taiwan. The consumers in China identified the quality attribute “the designs of merchandising, display and the usage of each floor” as the most dissatisfactory item, while the performance on this quality attribute is well accepted by the consumers of Taiwan's department stores. Another contradiction is that Taiwan's consumers are more concerned about “Parking”; this quality attribute obtained much less attention from the consumers in Mainland China. From the analysis of determinants that will have impacts on the willingness of customers to buy again, we found that the viewpoints of consumers from both sides are quite similar. The two main factors are “quality of merchandise” and “service quality”. However, the consumers in Mainland China care more about “the price of merchandise”; this is less important to the consumers in Taiwan. We may conclude from the importance and satisfaction level of the quality attributes and determinants for return customers that differences are caused mainly by the different management of the department stores and the different living circumstances of people across the straights.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.392-402
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• 2009

Objectives : The aims of this paper were to develop the composite deprivation index (CDI) for the sub-district (Eup-Myen-Dong) levels based on the theory of social exclusion and to explore the relationship between the CDI and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Methods : The paper calculated the age adjusted SMR and we included five dimensions of social exclusion for CDI; unemployment, poverty, housing, labor and social network. The proxy variables of the five dimensions were the proportion of unemployed males, the percent of recipients receiving National Basic Livelihood Security Act benefits, the proportion of households under the minimum housing standard, the proportion of people with a low social class and the proportion of single-parent household. All the variables were standardized using geometric transformation and then we summed up them for a single index. The paper utilized the 2004-2006 National Death Registry data, the 2003-2006 national residents' registration data, the 2005 Population Census data and the 2005-2006 means-tested benefit recipients' data. Results : The figures were 115.6, 105.8 and 105.1 for the CDI of metropolitan areas (big cities), middle size cities and rural areas, respectively. The distributional variation of the CDI was the highest in metropolitan areas (8.9 - 353.7) and the lowest was in the rural areas (26.8 - 209.7). The extent and relative differences of deprivation increased with urbanization. Compared to the Townsend and Carstairs index, the CDI better represented the characteristics of rural deprivation. The correlation with the SMR was statistically significant and the direction of the CDI effects on the SMR was in accordance with that of the previous studies. Conclusions : The study findings indicated mortality inequalities due to the difference in the CDI. Despite the attempt to improve deprivation measures, further research is warranted for the consensus development of a deprivation index.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.277-286
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• 2015

This study calculated the NDVI and the NDBI of the land-use change in major cities at North Korea through Landsat imagery, and analyzed the spatiality(LISA) with difference discretization of the UI index. As a result of the research, we could identify that the degree of urbanization has been increased in both Gaesung and Pyeongyang, but showed opposite spatial tendency to each other. The urban index of Pyeongyang, a nucleus district of North Korea, has been progressed quicker than Gaesung since 1994, while the urbanization development was being progressed also in general, as it expanded from the existing downtown area. On the other hand, the urbanization took place intensively at one region in Gaesung by developing the vegetation area that forest transfers into a built-up area, which has been judged from the great dynamic range of NDVI values. In conclusion, it is possible to extract necessary data for understanding the degree of urbanization and spatial characteristics of North Korea through the UI and the LISA analysis that are considered to propose useful methodology in investigating changes in North Korean cities and political levearage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.3240-3250
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• 2014

This study aims to draw a correlation in the choice of automobiles as the preferred mode of personal transport in relation to three factors: 5Ds, urban form and individual-level characteristics. The analysis result shows that the control at the individual level is required to analyze effective urban character and urban form elements to decrease the car choice and the 5Ds demonstrate meaningful relation to decreasing the car choice. However, it may be concluded that the density and the diversity, well-known elements in decreasing the car choice among Western cities do not show relatively large impact on Korean cities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.18-33
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect that consumption patterns of human affect the ecosystem using analysis of ecological footprint(EF) and assessment of ecosystem service value in Daegu Metropolitan Area. The data for analysis were constructed from statistical yearbook of each city and average of public land price on land category. According to the EF analysis on city, total EF of Goryeong was showed the highest by 3.3052gha in 2007. However, total EF of Daegu was assessed the lowest by 2.0134gha among 8 cities. In the results of ecological deficit, 7 cities except Gunwi were assessed by condition of ecological deficit and had exceeded environmental capacity until 2007. Specially, it was analyzed that Daegu may need additional area more than about 30 times to maintain the present consumption patterns. On the one side, the results of analysis of ecosystem service value in Daegu were assessed that citizens of Daegu have borrowed about 1,078.6 million wons to ecosystem per year and one person.