• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 1994

8-10 week old ICR mice were infected intracerebrally and intraperitoneally with different encephalomyocarditis virus(K$_3$, $K_{11}$, ATT-VR 129) to observe histopathological and immunohistochemical change. Results obtained throuh the experiments were summarized as follows : 1. No differences in clinical signs by the virus strains and the inoculation routes were found. Mice infected with EMCV showed clinical signs after 3 days of inoculation. Main clinical signs were tremors, convulsions, circling movement, and uni or bilateral hindleg paralysis followed by death on the 3-8 days. In general, most of the infected animals died or recovered closely on the 8th day of postinoculation. 2. At necropsy, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages in lung were observed and no specific findings in other were observed. 3. In histopathological observation, neuroal cell degeneration perivascular mononucear cell in-filtration gliosis were appeared in central nervous system. Myocarditis with myocardial degeneration and necrosis, calcification were observed along with acinar cell necrosis of exocrine glands in pancreas, severe glomerulonephritis in kidney. Also, focal necrosis of hepatocytes and interstitial pneymonia hyperemia, hemorrhages in lungs were observed. 4. By immunohistochemical staining using ABCIT method, the positive cells were recognized in intracytoplasm of acinar cell in pancreas and intracytoplasm of neuronal cells in cerebrum.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.290-294
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• 2016

A 13-month-old intact female poodle dog presented with an acute history of circling and seizure episodes. On the basis of the results of neurologic examination combined with magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF), meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE) was suspected. Therapy with mycophenolate mofetil plus prednisolone was initiated, following which the clinical signs showed improvement for only one month before gradually worsening again. Acute progression of the clinical disease was observed, and the patient was euthanized 91 days after initial presentation. This case was definitively diagnosed as necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) according to the results of post-mortem histopathological examination. This report describes the clinical findings, serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics, and histopathological changes in a case of acute NME.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.331-346
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• 1999

Many studies have reported that a lot of nursing colleges do not have good facilities for the nursing practice in hospitals, so many students do not have the good ability which is needed to be a competent nurse. The purpose of this study was to develop a program in which students could improve their ability in fundamental nursing skills before the graduation. This study was primarily designed to identify items of the fundamental nursing practice in which nursing college students have perceived deficiencies. According to previous studies, a total 75 items were presented. In Identifying them, a modified Porter format was used. The questionnaire contained three sections. A. How well do you think you can/could perform the item when you graduate/graduated the college? B. How well do you think you should perform/should be able to perform the item when you graduate/graduated the college? C. How important do you think the item is? For each of the 75 items, the respondents were instructed to answer the above three questions, by circling a number on a rating scale extending from 1 to 5, where low numbers represented a low degree of performance or minimum amount, and high numbers represented a high degree of performance or maximum amount. The perceived degree of deficiency in performance on each questionnaire item was obtained by subtracting the answer to Part A of an item from that to of Part B. The larger difference means a larger perceived degree of deficiency in performance. This method of measuring the perceived degree of deficiency in performance is an indirect measure derived from two direct answers by the respondent for each item. From this result Part C of each item was used to rank the items, and the items were prioritized. The items which had the highest priority were IV injection, simple catheterization, indwelling catheterization, CPR, and nurse recording. By this method, through these results from a nursing college, and the items which will be used first in developing the supplementation program for nursing college students can be identified.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.10-16
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• 2008

Generally, the satellite circling round in a low orbit goes through Van Allen belt connecting with the magnetic fold, in which electronic components are easily damaged and shortened by charged particles moving in a cycle between the South Pole and the North Pole. In particular, Single Event Upset(SEU) by radiation could cause electronic device on satellite to malfunction. Based on the idea mentioned above, this study considersabout SEU effect on the On-board Computer(OBC) of STSAT-1 in the space environment radiation, and shows algorithm to cope with SEUs. In this experiment, it also is shown that the repetitive memory read/write operation called memory wash is needed to prevent the accumulation of SEUs and the choice for the period of memory wash is examined. In conclusion, it is expected that this research not only contributes to understand low capacity of On-board Computer(OBC) on Low Earth Orbit satellite(LEOS) and SaTReC Technology satellite(STSAT) series, but also makes good use of each module development of Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite(COMPSAT) series.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2008

N-ethyl-N-nitrosoures (ENU) is effective in inducing hypermorphic mutation as well as hypomorphic and antimorphic mutations. Therefore, this mutagen is used to the production of mutant in the mice. In order to perform an effective ENU mutagenesis using BALB/cAnN mice, determination of optimal dosage and dosage regimen of ENU is necessary. And this study tried to develop a suitable screening method and searched for novel and various mutants as model animals in phenotypedriven ENU mutagenesis. We have carried out dosage regimen for mutagenizing dose of 200 mg/kg ENU in the BALB/c mice. Total screened mice were 30,133. As the results of Esaki and Cho's Phenotype Screening, we got 2,516 phenotypic and behavior abnormalities in $G_1,\;G_2\;and\;G_3$ mice. One hundred thirty five $G_1$ phenodeviants were tested for inheritance and 16 dominant mutants were discovered. Forty two recessive mutants were also found in tested 201 micropedigrees. Early-onset mutant mice included the dysmorphology of face, eye, tail, limb, skin, and foot and abnormal behavior like circling, swimming, head tossing, stiff-walking, high cholesterol level, and tremor etc. In this study we could effectively screen $G_3$ recessive mutants. The frequent and concise early-onset screening before weaning will be available for ENU mutagenesis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1072-1080
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• 2007

Taijiquan is possible for us to use not only as a martial art, but also as a physical exercise and a way to discipline human mind, and so it is called 'moving-Zen' and is a martial art to discipline human body and mind against different diseases and stress of modern adult people caused by our modern advanced civilization. We can look at natural passion as one of the most fundamental categories in Philosophy as a minimum material unit comprising all nature. Taijiquan is an exercise with natural passion, flowing through all the body, leading the natural passion with our mind, and moving our body with the natural energy. Also, all the motions in Taijiquan were made based on Yin and Yang. Taijiquan is a discipling way to reach Taegeuk through Yin and Yang and to train ourselves together. The realization of Taegeuk is to reach Taegeuk through the discipline of Taegeuk and can lead to Taegeuk through the unification of the inside and the outside(內外合一), the mutually complementing(剛柔相濟), the circling of the heavenly body(周天) of Taijiquan. The strength and the weakness help each other, the mind and the body is unified, the mixture of the rapidness and the slowness is appropriate, the form and the consciousness are combined into one and move, naturally unified into one(形意結合), and progressive and regressive Junsakyung are combined and move, naturally forming Turoh(套路) where Yin and Yang are unified. The discipline of Taijiquan is not only for maintaining our health, but also for leading to Taegeuk, an ultimate entity, which had existed before the day when all things were generated as its essence and has existed since then.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.366-370
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• 2006

Arachnoid cysts are intra-arachnoid collections of cerebrospinal fluid. They may cause neurological deficit through expansion that can compress normal neural tissue and obstruct cerebrospinal fluid flow. Intracranial arachnoid cysts were found in 4 patients aged 10 months to 20 months(mean age 15 months). The presenting symptoms included circling(dog 2,3), seizure(dog 1), progressive weakness(dog 1,2,3), increasing scoliosis(dog 3), worsening spasticity(dog 3), and salivation(dog 3). One patient showed no symptoms from the intracranial arachnoid cyst. There were no significant findings in complete blood count and serum chemistry. Computed tomography(CT) with/without magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scans were performed in these cases. Hypodense intracranial arachnoid cyst was observed on CT images in dog 4. Sagittal T1-weighted(T1W) and T2-weighted(T2W) images and transverse T1W and T2W images revealed a intracranial arachnoid cysts with syringohydromyelia(dog 3) and hydrocephalus(dog 3,4) in the brain. Clinical signs of three cases were improved by medication.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.567-575
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• 2014

This paper suggests an installation procedure of a smart skin prototype into an aircraft, flight demonstration test procedures and test results. Four communication and navigation antennas are embedded into one Conformal Load-bearing Antenna Structure(CLAS). Log periodic patch type antenna was designed as a multi-band antenna to cover four antenna frequency bands. The requirements of CLAS were verified by ground tests before aircraft installation. A CLAS speed-brake was installed into KT-1 aircraft and performances of dual antennas were verified as multi-antenna tests on the ground. Electromagnetic compatibility tests were conducted to check compatibility between the CLAS and all existing equipments. Flight demonstration tests were conducted by one sortie of flight test for one antenna. The activeness and continuity of communication and navigation signal during the flight, null area of antenna signal along the circling flight were monitored. The embedded antennas worked better than expected during four sorties of flight tests.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.48-48
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• 2001

A new neurological mutant has been found in the ICR outbred strain mouse. Affected mice display profound deafness and a head-tossing and bidirectional circling behavior, showing an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. It was, therefore, named cir/Kr with the gene symbol cir. The auditory tests identified clearly the hearing loss of the cir mice when compared to wild type mice. Pathological studies confirmed the developmental defects in the middle ear, cochlea, cochlear nerve, and semicircular canal areas, which were correlated to the abnormal behavior observed in the cir mice. Thus, cir mice may be useful as a model for studying inner ear abnormalities and deafness. We have constructed a genetic linkage map by positioning 14 microsatellite markers across the (cir) region and intraspecific backcross between cir and C57BL/6J mice. The cir mouse harbors an autosomal recessive mutation on mouse chromosome 9. The cir gene was mapped to a region between D9Mit116 and D9Mit38 Estimated distances between cir and D9Mit116, and between cir and D9Mit38 are 0.7 and 0.2 cM, respectively. The gene in order was defines : centromere-D9Mit182-D9Mit51/D9Mit79/D9Mit310-D9Mit212/D9Mit184-D9Mit116-cir-D9Mit38-D9Mit20-D9Mit243-D9Mit16-D9Mit55/D9Mit125-D9Mit281. The mouse map location of the cir locus appears to be in a region homologous to human 3q21. Our present date suggest that the nearest flanking marker D9Mit38 provides a useful anchor for the isolation of the cir gene in a yeast artificial chromosome contig.