• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 2012

A 32-year-old female patient and her sister show high levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in regular health checkups, since female patient was 11 years old. The patient's serum total cholesterol was 285 mg/dL and HDL cholesterol was 113 mg/dL. Her sister's total cholesterol was 240 mg/dL and the HDL cholesterol measured to be 90 mg/dL. Lipoprotein pattern and cholesteryl ester transfer activity gene analysis were examined in these patients. We found c.1321+1G>A (IVS14+1G/A) hetero mutation in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) genes. Generally, CETP mediates transfer and exchange of triglycerides and cholesteryl ester between plasma lipoproteins. Also we investigated a key role of HDL-CE and Apo A-1 metabolism. Patients with low levels of CETP have increased serum HDL levels. We hereby report two Korean cases of CETP deficiency in a family. Brief literature review ensues with the cases.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.645-650
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• 2011

The 3D-QSAR study of 2-arylbenzoxazoles as novel cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors was performed by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), CoMFA region focusing (CoMFA-RF) for optimizing the region for the final PLS analysis, and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) methods to determine the factors required for the activity of these compounds. The best orientation was searched by all-orientation search strategy using AOS, to minimize the effect of the initial orientation of the structures. The predictive ability of CoMFARF and CoMSIA were determined using a test set of twelve compounds giving predictive correlation coefficients of 0.886, and 0.754 respectively indicating good predictive power. Further, the robustness and sensitivity to chance correlation of the models were verified by bootstrapping and progressive scrambling analyses respectively. Based upon the information derived from CoMFA(RF) and CoMSIA, identified some key features that may be used to design new inhibitors for cholesteryl ester transfer protein.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 1993

A homologous series of cholesteryl biphenyl ester derivatives was prepared. The thermal behaviors of compounds were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and by polarizing microscope equipped with a hot-stage. The cholesteric phase is present in all the compounds, whereas the smectic one is absent in the compounds with R = 1 and 2. The compounds possessed higher phase transitiof' temperature and wider temperature range of meso phase in comparison with known cholesteric liquid crystal phases.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.777-784
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• 2014

Epidemiologic studies have shown that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a strong risk factor, whilst high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reduces the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, strategies to manage dyslipidemia in an effort to prevent or treat CHD have primarily attempted at decreasing LDL-C and raising HDL-C levels. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the exchange of cholesteryl ester for triglycerides between HDL and VLDL and LDL. We have published the first report indicating that a group of Japanese patients who were lacking CETP had extremely high HDL-C levels, low LDL-C levels and a low incidence of CHD. Animal studies, as well as clinical and epidemiologic evidences, have suggested that inhibition of CETP provides an effective strategy to raise HDL-C and reduce LDL-C levels. Four CETP inhibitors have substantially increased HDL-C levels in dyslipidemic patients. This review will discuss the current status and future prospects of CETP inhibitors in the treatment of CHD. At present anacetrapib by Merck and evacetrapib by Eli Lilly are under development. By 100mg of anacetrapib HDL-C increased by 138%, and LDL-C decreased by 40%. Evacetrapib 500 mg also showed dramatic 132% increase of HDL-C, while LDL-C decreased by 40%. If larger, long-term, randomized, clinical end point trials could corroborate other findings in reducing atherosclerosis, CETP inhibitors could have a significant impact in the management of dyslipidemic CHD patients. Inhibition of CETP synthesis by antisense oligonucleotide or small molecules will produce more similar conditions to human CETP deficiency and may be effective in reducing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. We are expecting the final data of prospective clinical trials by CETP inhibitors in 2015.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1230-1235
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• 1998

For the investigation to the effects of H. cordata on prevention of hypercholesteromia, dietary hypercholesteromic rats were fed for 4 weeks with basial diet containing 5, 10, 15, 20% H. cordata powder, 5, 10 and 15% H. cordata juice. Total cholesterol and triglyceride contents of livers were significantly lower in experimental groups than in control group. Phospholipid contents in livers were not significant difference between control and experimental groups. Contents of free cholesterol in livers were ranged from 0.4$\pm$0.2 to 0.7$\pm$0.5mg/kg and cholesteryl ester contents were lower in H. cordata juice added groups than H. cordata powder added groups. Total cholesterol content in brains were not significant difference between cholesterol not added, H. cordata powder added at 15, 20% and its juice added group at 15%. The more powder and juice of H. cordata were added to basial diets, the lower contents of triglyceride and phospholipid were detected in brains. Contents of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in brains were not significance in all experimental groups. In kidneys, total cholesterol contents were not significant in control group and H. cordata powder of 5% was added group. Triglyceride, phospholipid and cholesteryl ester contents in kidney were not significant in all groups. Contents of free cholesterol in kidney were equally significant between cholesterol free and 15% H. cordata juice treated group.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 1995

cDNA for human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), a potent atherogenic plasma protein that redistributes the neutral lipids among lipoproteins, was expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cells (CV-1). Two insertion vectors regulated by different promoters were constructed. The vectors were introduced into human thymidine kinase-negative ($TK^-$) 1438 cells infected with wild-type vaccinia virus (WR strain). Recombinant viruses were selected with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) and X-gal and identified with DNA dot blot analysis (vSC11-CETP and vTM1-CETP). The CETP cDNA insert in the recombinant vaccinia virus genome was identified by Southern blot analysis. Transcription of CETP cDNA in CV-1 cells infected with recombinant vaccinia virus was monitored by Northern blot analysis using the CETP cDNA as a probe. Positive signals were detected at 1.8 kb in cells infected with vSC11-CETP and at 2.3 kb in cells infected with vTM1-CETP. The recombinant vaccinia virus-infected CV-1 cells were shown to produce functional CETP when the culture medium was subjected to the CETP assay.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 1995

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), a hydrophobic glycoprotein promoting transfer of cholesteryl esters (CE) from high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to lower-density lipoproteins in the plasma, has been recognized a potent atherogenic factor during the development of coronary artery diseases. This study demonstrated a possible utilization of antisense RNA to inhibit expression of the CETP gene using vaccinia virus as an expression system. The CETP cDNA was inserted into a transfer vector (pSC11) in sense and antisense orientations and used to generate recombinant viruses. Recombinants containing sense or antisense orientations of the CETP cDNA were isolated by $TK^-$ selection and X-gal test. The inserted CETP cDNAs in the recombinants were identified by Southern blot analysis and allowed to transcribe in host cells (CV-1). Expressions of the exogenous CETP mRNA, extracted from the CV-1 cells coinfected with viruses containing sense and antisense DNAs, were monitored by Northern blot analysis using the CETP cDNA probe, by Western blot analysis using monoclonal antibody against the C-terminal active region of the CETP and by the CETP assay. Decreased expressions of the exogenous CETP cDNA were clearly evident in the Northern and Western blot analyses as the dose of antisense expression increased. In the CETP assay, the CETP activities decreased compared to the activity obtained from the cell extracts infected with sense construct only.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 1991

Various sterols and uncommon fatty acids have been isolated from the three species of Korean marine sponges. Odd-numbered pentadecanoic, heptadecanoic methyl ester and branched 12-methyltetradecanoic, 14-methylpentadecanoic, 15-methylhexadecanoic and 14-methylhexadecanoic methyl ester were isolated along with common tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic methyl ester from Heteropiidae sponge Vosmaeropsis japonica Hozawa collected from Sohuksan island of the Korea sea. Futher elution with more polar solvent gave 5${\alpha}$-cholestan-3${\beta}$-ol along with minor amount of ergost-25-ene-3${\beta}$,5${\alpha}$,6${\beta}$-triol. On the other hand, marine sponge Hymeniacidon sinapium collected from Yesu Dolsan island of the Korea sea was shown to contain 5${\alpha}$-cholestan-3${\beta}$-ol, along with minor amount of cholesterol, palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, stearic, linolenic, and arachidonic acid ethyl ester. Unknown marin sponge collected from the same region was shown to contain large amount of tetradecanoic tetradecyl and hexadecyl ester and cholesteryl acetic and fatty acid ester.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-24
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.371-379
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• 1994

The effect of milk in low and high cholesterol diets were investigated on serum cholesterol esterification. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into low(0.01% w/w) and high (1.01% w/w) cholesterol-diets groups. Bothlow and high cholesterol groups were consisted of three groups : control , LM(low heat milk), and HM (high heat milk) groups. After feeding these experimental diets for six weeks, serum cholesterol (free cholesterol and cholestryl ester) concentration and activity of lecithin.: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) were measured, and serum lipoprotein profile was examined using gel column chromatography. According to the result, activity of LCAT was elevated independently by intakes of high cholesterol and milk , which resulted in the increase of daily turnover of serum cholesteryl ester. However, the turnover of HDL-cholesteryl ester increased only by milk. LCAT activity was moderately correlated with levels of total-and HDL-free choelsterol. It is concluded from the present study that milk had the cholesterol-lowering effect which partly appears to be mediated through facilitated reverse cholesterol transport.