• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.393-404
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data of nutrition education to teach the right eating habit and lifestyle by investigating eating habit of students in private and public elementary schools of Kangnam and Kangbuk region. When the eating habit was investigated, there was no difference between the residential region, and school types. Depending on gender and person who cooked, there was meaningful difference in the eating habit. When the mother or father cooked for the student, his or her child had breakfast everyday, had a meal regularly, enjoyed the meal with the family, and left less food. This shows that the meal with family is a very positive factor in the formation of right eating habit. The female students tend to eat snacks, skip breakfast, have unbalanced diet, leave food, and watch TV during a meal more than the male students. Therefore, the female students need more education of eating habit. Also, not many the students usually got corrected their bad eating habits from others, and this showed that no proper guidance of their bad eating habits was done. Nevertheless, the students tried to correct their eating habits by themselves. If the schools and students' give them the proper education about eating habit, it can be more effective. Therefore, the school should teach the students and their parents the right table manner and nutrition information through a systematical curriculum. In special cases, they should teach the students individually.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between young children's picky eating behavior and mother's attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding the eating habits of children. Using a sample of 304 mothers of four or five year-old children, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test a 7 factor model, which included mother's beliefs and practices related to the feeding of their children. Following this, a t-test was conducted to examine the differences between the feeding behaviors of mothers of both of picky and non-oicky eaters, respectively. The results indicated that picky eater's eating behaviors were positively related to the pressures exerted by mothers and negatively related to the mother's concerns about their child's weight and child's BMI. These findings suggest that the pressures mothers exert upon their children to eat, their child's weight and picky eating behaviors are correlated to each other.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to know the conscious of eating habit of housewife. The data were collected from 250 housewives who were the age group of 20-60's in Sang-Ju. The survey was taken place from May to June in 2000. The result showed that there were significant differences in eating habit's consciousness according to housewife's age group: 1. As the age goes up, the housewife had less consideration herself when they purchased food and decided cooking method. 2. As the age goes down, the order in having meal was depended on conditions. But as the age goes up, they considered the order as important thing like followings; eating together, eating separately according to the sex, male first, senior first, housewives lastly. 3. The survey showed that there was distinction depending on sex in meal as age goes up. And The subject was conscious that the delicious and valuable meal served to male, senior and child before. 4. Regardless of senior, the consciousness for the skipping meal was high as the age goes down. 5. As the age goes up, female and seniors showed that leftover was not so good. 6. The consciousness that housewives were responsible for preparing the meal was high as the age goes up, but they had further difficulty in preparing meal as the age goes down. 7. In considering that male and senior should be participated in the kitchen work, they had high consciousness as the age goes down. 8. About role of cooking, the consciousness was hish in case of male as the age goes down, in case of female and housewife were high as the age goes up. 9. As the age goes up, The consciousness was high that Female must buy the food. 10. As the age goes up, they had high consciousness in considering that the meaning of meal was related to survival, that noodle and bread were not meal. And the consciousness about that eating out was not good for health was high as the age goes up.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.488-495
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• 2004

Purpose: This study is a descriptive study to contribute to children health improvement by finding out the actual state of breakfast and related features of skipping breakfast. Method: The subjects of this study were 724 children. The collected data were analyzed through real numbers, percentage, mean and standard deviation, cross tabulation, χ2-test and t-test using the SPSS WIN 10.0. Result: The rate of the children's skipping breakfast recorded 48.6%. Related Factors to skipping breakfast were sex, income, mother's education level and father's education level. 53.1% of girls skipped breakfast. In case of the group their family's income was over 3 million won/month andtheir father graduated college, the rate of skipping breakfast was low significantly. In groups having breast with rice, soup and side dishes, getting up before 7 A.M. and having good eating habit, the rate of skipping breakfast was low significantly. Conclusion: It is necessary to induce a desirable breakfast habit by health education about the importance and necessity of breakfast. Therefore, it is supposed that parents should pay attention to their children to form the right eating habits and encourage them not to skip breakfast.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.302-312
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• 2004

This study aimed at examine dietary attitude, eating behavior and food preferences of children in child care center. The children involved in this study were 153 boys and 134 girls, aged 3 to 6 years old. The eating frequency of breakfast and the number of meal times a day were significant difference according to sex(P<0.01). Reason for skipping breakfast was ‘no appetite’(49.3%). It was found that 51.5% of the children belonged to ‘fair’ in food habit score, while children in ‘poor’ and in ‘excellent’ were 25.0% and 9.7% respectively. There was no significant difference in food habit score between boys and girls. Their preferred staple foods were ‘cooked rice’ and ‘Chajangmyon’, their preferred soup was ‘seaweed soup’. Also, their most preferred side dishes with animal foods were ‘fried chicken’ and ‘Bulgogi’. The preference of ‘hard boiled soybean curd’ and ‘pan fried soybean curd’ among the side dishes with vegetable foods were significant according to the obesity index(P<0.05). Children preferred side dishes with animal foods to those with vegetable foods. First considered item in meal preparation was child's favorite(58.1%). Mother's response to child's unbalanced diet was ‘trying to persuade the child’(56.6%). It was significant according to mother's occupation(P<0.01). The nutritional management program at child care center is required to enhance the nutritional status of children. Also the nutritional education for the children and their meal planners is required for better growth and health promotion of preschool children.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.112-124
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate how child-care teachers participate, practice mealtime instruction, and perceive difficulties in food service, focusing on comparison between the teachers caring two different age groups: children younger than three years (Younger Group) and those three years or older (Older Group). Questionnaires were distributed to 151 child-care centers in Kwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea during December, 2011. Only the data from 25 child-care centers, where two respective teachers in charge of Younger Group and Older Group completed the questionnaires, were analyzed. The results showed that there was no difference in terms of child-care teachers' participation in food service practice between the two groups, except for serving method; 'Pre-plated' serving was used significantly more often in Younger Group, whereas 'Line-up' serving was used in Older Group. Approximately, three quarters of the child-care centers had policies or guidelines on mealtime instruction. During mealtime, child-care teachers tended to use frequently verbal instructions such as "sit up straight when you eat" about eating manner, "don't be picky with your food" about eating habit, and "wash your hands before eating" about eating procedure in both the groups. There was no statistically significant difference regarding child-care teachers' perceived difficulties in food service between the two groups. These results indicated that child-care teachers' participation and mealtime instruction in food service did not differ between the two age groups, although children's development of digestion and eating skill differed by age. Therefore, training should be provided to child-care teachers about food service practices and mealtime instruction appropriate to children's age.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.629-638
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to provide fundamental data by degree of obesity which was necessary to nutritional education for the formation of right eating and dietary guideline by researching food habits of children. In order to achieve this purpose, a survey was conducted on 3, 4, 5, 6th grade of students from 4 schools in S and G city in Jeolla-Namdo. The results was as follows. There were 384(44.4%) students were normal weight, 193(22.3) were overweight, and 287(33.2) were low weight by obesity indices. Comparing the student's subjective health condition among the degree of obesity, 40.4% of overweight recognized they were healthy, 30.1% recognized ordinary, and 57.1% of lean recognized they were healthy, 34.5% recognized ordinary. It was turned out that most students who were overweight and lean recognized healthy and normal. Family was reported to be the most impact factor on student's diet habits, and then Multimedia such as TV seemed to have a effect on overweight and lean students, but nutrition teachers had a direct influence on normal weight students. The most thing which eating habits for a reform was unbalanced diet. The students in this research have breakfast everyday and regularly. Regarding dietary attitudes, overweight group enjoyed eating healthy food more than normal and low body weight group did, and tried to eat what they have never eaten before. In conclusion, it's necessary for elementary school students that increase the control ability of self perceived health condition with education for good eating habit and grasp their condition themselves through the nutrition education in school.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.737-745
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to develop a community based participatory obesity control program and measure the effects of the program on obesity, exercise habit, eating habit and life habits among obese elementary school children. The community based participatory obesity control program was provided for the experimental group of $4^{th}$ grade elementary school students for 10 weeks. The program included obesity related health educations and counseling once a week, jump rope classes twice a week and folk game classes held once a week. Method: There were 24 students with obesity in the experimental and 27 in the control groups. The collected data were analyzed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-test and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: After 10weeks of participation in the program, the experimental group showed significantly lower Body Mass Index (p<.001) and waist hip ratio (p=.036), significantly higher exercise habit (p=.004), eating habit (p=.003) and life habit (p=.001) than those in the control group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that community based participatory obesity management program is effective nursing intervention for managing child obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to survey the eating habits and nutritional knowledge of children in Pusan, with a view to uncovering problems and their underlying causes and cultivating desirable dietary habit and nutrition for children. Three hundred and fifty six elementary school students were asked questions about their eating habits and nutritional knowledge as well as general information about their personal characteristics. The results showed: 1. Only 53.5% of the subjects had breakfast every day. Seventy-six percent of the subjects had dinner every day. Only 40% of the children took meals and talked with family at both breakfast and dinner. Thus there was little opportunity for dietary guidance by parents. 2. About half of the subjects answered that their appetite decreased after eating snack foods between meals. A third of the subjects liked the baked goods as snacks. Because of their high sugar and fat content, they can damage children's health, resulting in child diabetes and tooth decay. For this reason, careful education is necessary to allow children to be able to select snack foods that are appropriate in kind and quantity. 3. About 85% of the subjects had an unbalanced diet. Therefore systematic nutrition education at school is necessary to instill in children the value of balanced diet. 4. Children preferred rice to other cereals as a staple food. They disliked kimchi, seasoned and blanched foods and salads as subsidiary foods. It is therefore necessary to teach children systematically the nutritional advantage of cereals and vegetables and to heighten their awareness of Korean food culture. 5. Children had a low level of nutritional knowledge. The knowledge of specific nutrients was lower than that of foods. In conclusion, systematical educational programs need to be developed at elementary school. These should include information about achieving a balanced diet, good eating habit, meal management and Korean dietary culture. Nutritional education at home must be emphasized.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.95-103
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• 2016

Food habit forming the basis for a lifetime of food and nutrient intake is established in early childhood and has an effect to the child's growth, sociality, and obesity. A variety of nutrition screening tools exists for assessing the health and nutrition status of children such as the Growth Curve, for determining if growth is appropriate. Body mass index(BMI) as a more reliable index of overweight to prevent childhood obesity, and Nutrition Quotient(NQ) and eating behaviors questionnaire for young children and parents to estimate their nutrient intake adequate or not. Such tools are mainly used by health practitioners, such as doctor and dietitian to provide nutrition intervention services to children at risk, especially and are not easy to use for general parents, who need assessment at any time and at any place. We propose Growth Assistance System for infants and children, which is possible to assess their physical condition, nutritional status, and eating behavior integrated. To be convenient and portable, it is implemented over the smartphone as an application. The system offers the growth charts, the BMI curves, NQ and eating behavior questionnaire to take a monitoring and the functionalities operate well. We hereby expect this system support the normal growth and development of infants and young children. And also support for the health practitioner (dietitians and nutritionists) to take a role in providing nutrition counseling and education to children needing nutrition services.