• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2007

The study is attempted to help double-income families use resources efficiently and rationally by analyzing The Time Use each of working women and housewives having preschool children based on the data of The Time Use survey carried out in 2004 and promote understandings on their quality of life, lifestyle and family welfare. To this end, the study analyzes the actual The Time Use of double-income families haying preschool children. The findings of the study are as follows: First, according to the comparison of The Time Use between double-income families and single-income families in 1999 and 2004, there is no significant difference in husbands' participation time in family management or family care between 1999 and 2004. Second, according to the comparison of The Time Use between double-income families and single-income families depending on the presence or non-presence of preschool children, families haying preschool children spent much more hours in family care than families without preschool children. Third, according to the comparison of the weekend schedule between double-income families and single-income families, it is found that working women work much more than housewives not only on weekdays but also on weekends and in particular, it is found that working women having preschool children work 2 hours longer than housewives.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.135-156
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aim to determine adolescent meal time, which provides the important context of parent-child sharing time. We divided mealtime into family meal and alone meal, and analyzed the time/space context of each meal time as well as the social determinations. Method: We employed adolescents age 10-18 who live with married patents and attends school at the present (n=5,128) from the original data of Korean Time Use Survey. Results: More adolescent were engaged in family meal rather than eating alone in daily bases. However, the trend show difference by day of week and academic grade; family meal are more prevalent in weekends rather than weekdays. As adolescent reaches high school age, the proportion of eating alone beats the proportion of family meal time. Most of the meal occur at home. Having meal outside was relatively scares, especially on weekdays. Tobit and logistic analysis reveal that, on weekday meal, less school hours, more time spent at the private academy, having family leisure event, and long mother's housework hours were positively associated with family meal time. In weekend model, father's education gradient was associated with family meal time, showing higher the father's education level, there were higher chance of having weekend family meal. As for the eating alone, relevant factors were similar with family meal but the directions were the opposite; having family leisure were negatively associated with alone meal, both weekdays and weekend. Long academy hours, meal preparing and leisure alone were positively associated eating alone. Overall, weekday meal time was strongly linked with adolescent daily schedules and time use, while for weekends meal, in both family meal and alone meal, the influence of parent factors were discovered. Conclusion: The results indicates that alone meal and the family meal are not exclusively related but seem to be complementary. Families tend to enjoy family meal yet, there are some necessary situation that adolescent need to be on their own. Increase in ready-made food industries, growing independence of children by age seem partly allow adolescent children to eat alone. Careful attentions may require for monitoring weekends meal situation and the family factor of adolescent in future studies.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-133
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to enhance the marital relationships of middle-aged couples in their 50s who either had retired or were approaching retirement and to develop marriage-enrichment program that would help them maintain a happy and satisfactory family relationship. In-depth interviews were conducted with middle-aged couples in their 50s who had enrolled in the program. Developed based on the relevant literature and our own needs analyses the program was organized into three areas, family relationship, life management(time, leisure), and life plan for old ages. The program consisted of five sessions of 120 minutes each. Participants attended the program's lectures and activities. Pre and post-tests were conducted to examine the program's effectiveness. The post-test results showed improvement over the pre-test results, so we can conclude that this program would appropriate for improving the marital relationships of middle- aged couples in their 50s both before or after their retirement.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.241-256
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence various non-marriage types by considering reasons why adults are not married. The roles of individual characters and family values affecting each type of non-marriage were carefully considered. From the data of 'the Survey on the National Fertility, Family Health and Welfare in Korea in 2015', 1,053 unmarried adults who were in their late 20s to middle 40s were selected. Results show that non-marriage types among unmarried adults were diverse. Depending on sex, the distribution of non-marriage types differed. While economic reasons were predominant among men, lack of opportunities for marriage was the main reason for most women who were not married. Findings also suggest that factors such as socio-demographic characters and family values were differentially associated with each non-marriage type. These findings indicate a great deal of diversity in needs, lifestyle, and life satisfaction among unmarried young adults. This suggests that an increase in the population of unmarried adults can be related to prospectively various marriage behaviors and family patterns in our society in the future, and consequently life patterns will be different among the adult generation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5207-5211
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• 2015

본 연구는 최근 보육교사에 대한 자질 및 적성이 재논의 되고 보육실습생의 실습관련도 재평가의 필요성이 제기됨에 따라 보육실습생의 보육교사적성이 보육실습스트레스 및 스트레스대처에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 보육실습생 268명을 대상으로 자료를 수집한 결과, 첫째, 보육실습스트레스와 스트레스대처는 학년에 따른 차이만 보였다. 둘째, 보육교사적성의 하위변인 중 영유아에 대한 친화력이 낮을수록 어린이집원장 및 지도교사와의 관계에서 스트레스가 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 보육교사적성 하위요인 가운데 창의성과 자기개발, 적극성, 긍정성이 높을수록 보육실습스트레스에 잘 대처하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제1권
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• pp.65-81
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• 1980

This study is aimed at investigating the compensatory education which was already implemented or is being implemented in the U.S.A. and Japan; and at studying the types of programs and their characteristics; and at sounding out the possibilities of the application of such programs in family and social conditions is Korea. In order to achieve the above mentioned objectives, the established items for the study are as follows: (1) Various types of early children's education (2) Programs of compensatory education for the disadvantaged Children (3) Head Start Program, Early Training Project and Montessori School (4) Integrated Preschool Programs (5) Day-Care Center for employed mothers We investigated the various compensatory education programs for the preschool children who are in economically, socially, culturally disadvantaged conditions. Head Start Programs were federally supported programs for preschool children and opened as summer programs in 1965 for the first time. The purpose of Head Start has been to give preschool children the kinds of experiences they need in preparation for school. The Head Start children were found to be significantly better prepared for school than the normal children. However, after six to eight months, their initial advantages had virtually. disappeared and then the simple problem with Head Start and other such programs was that little long-term good could be evidenced unless the high quality educational environment was maintained. Therefore, to solve this problem, three other programs were funded as part of the overall Head Start. These three programs are the Parent-Child Center, Home Start, and the Child and Family Resources Program. The Early Training Project for disadvantaged children was implemented by Klaus and Gray of Peabody College in 1962. The program was a field research study concerned with the development and testing over time of procedures for improving the educability of young children from low income homes. Its major concern was to study whether it was possible to offset the progressive retardation observed in the public schooling careers of children, living in deprived circumstances. Children, who were trained through the Early Training Project were superior to control groups in the test of IQ and vocabulary as well as linguistic abilities, and preparation for reading. This project showed the possibilities which could prevent preschool children from being disadvantaged socially, culturally and mentally. In 1907, Montessori School was established by Maria Montessori in Italy and her school program has been introduced at present to several countries in the world as one compensatory educations. She first began her experimental methods with retarded children, followed by disadvantaged children from the tenements of Rome. The Montessori approach futures a prepared environment and carefully designed, self-correcting materials. The Montessori curriculum presents tastes that feature sequence, order, and regularity, in addition to those that develop motor and sensory skills. She was interested in children's intellectual development and in developing good work habits. One of the latest developed programs for disadvantaged children is "Integrated Preschool Program" which has successfully integrated handicapped and nonhandicapped children. Several studies have showed that handicapped children in integrated school environments are accepted by and interact with their nonhandicapped peers. In fact, this program provides a number of potential, and perhaps opportunities for nonhandicapped children to serve as valuable resources in fostering the development of their handicapped peers. Next we turn to Japanese programs which are divided into two different types. One is Day-Care Center which was established by Child Welfare Law and the other is kindergarten organized by School Education Law. The kindergarten opened in 1876 and it has been part of school systems since 1947 by the implementation of education law, and the Day-Care Center which started in 1890 for the employed mothers. was changed into Day-Nursery by the enactment of child welfare law in 1947. The laws and operational regulations for the Day-Nursery were set up and were put in effect by the establishment standard acts of children welfare facilities, and the Day-Nursery has been operated in various types by the increasing demand, chiefly because of the socio-economical changes of family structures in both urban and suburban areas. Nursery education for physically and mentally disadvantaged children is for those who are blind, deaf and dumb, mentally retarded; physically disadvantaged by accidents or diseases. Montessori education in Japan was started in 1968 and many research groups for studying Montessori were organized. In 1977, Montessori remedial education society was also organized in which they started a number of studies; a study for developing materials; in-service training for the remedial education; and seminars and lectures, etc It is strongly suggested that we study the early educations that are being implemented in Japan and a variety of compensatory educations that were already implemented in the U.S.A. and modify them for the organization of our own model and properly accommodate them to our social needs.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.389-412
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 기혼 취업여성의 우울에 관한 인과적 관계를 규명하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 분석자료로는 제1차 서울시복지패널 조사자료를 이용하였으며, 서울시복지패널자료의 조사대상자 중 20~50대 기혼 취업여성 507명을 분석대상으로 선정하였고, 분석방법으로는 구조방정식 모형을 이용하였다. 분석결과, 기혼 취업여성의 성역할태도로부터 복리후생만족도와 결혼행복감을 거쳐서 우울에 완전매개효과 경로가 형성되었고, 복리후생만족도는 우울과 결혼행복감 간에 부분매개효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 기혼 취업여성의 우울을 해소하기 위한 방안을 제시해보면 우선, 기혼 취업여성의 우울은 우리 사회가 가사노동은 아직까지 여성의 역할로 간주하는 데에서 기인하는 바가 크므로 취업여성들이 일과 가족생활을 양립할 수 있도록 지원하고, 그러한 맥락에서 남성의 가사 및 육아참여를 유도할 수 있는 정책적 조치가 요구된다. 둘째, 기혼 취업여성이 전통주의 성역할 태도를 견지할수록 결혼행복감 및 복리후생만족도는 낮은 결과가 나타났음을 고려해 볼 때 우리 사회에 잔존하고 있는 전통주의적 성역할 가치관을 변화시킬 수 있는 복리후생제도 및 가족친화제도의 활성화 방안이 요구된다. 셋째, 기혼 취업여성의 우울에 큰 영향을 미치는 결혼행복감을 증진시키기 위해서는 부부 및 부모 교육을 포함한 가족서비스를 더욱 강화하는 방안을 모색하는 것이 필요하다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2002

This study was to examine the differences in the levels of etiquette consciousness and performance of adolescents according to individual variables (sex, school, and self-esteem), family-related variables (parents' age and education level, and subjectively perceived living standard), and. etiquette-related variables (communication on etiquette, experience of etiquette education, parents' interest of and necessity. of etiquette education). The subjects were 394 middle and high school students in Jeonju. Such statistictical methods as t-test, F-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis were performed for this research. Results showed that the levels of etiquette consciousness and performance were slightly high. Among the domains of etiquette consciousness and performance, the levels of bowing manner and public etiquette were found to be relatively high. The etiquette consciousness and performance were different. according to adolescents' self-esteem, subjective living standard, and such etiquette variables as communication on etiquette, experience of etiquette education, parent's interest and necessity of etiquette education. Communication on etiquette was the most powerful variable influencing adolescents' etiquette performance. The results implied that the etiquette education need to be performed both in family and in school.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences of aggression and its predictors among Korean, Korean-Chinese and Chinese adolescents. The subjects were 529(176 Korean, 168 Korean-Chinese, 185 Chinese) 9th graders from Yanji in China and Korea. Data on aggression, self-concept, attachment to mother, relationship with teachers, and victimization from peers were collected with questionnaires and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The results showed that Korean adolescents reported the highest and Chinese adolescents the lowest on aggression. There were gender differences in proactive aggression among Chinese adolescents, and on reactive aggression among Korean adolescents. Among Korean adolescents, no gender difference was revealed. The influences of self-concept, attachment to mother, relationship with teachers, and victimization from peers differed among the groups: While attachment to mother was a significant predictor for Chinese adolescents' aggression, relationship with teachers was a significant predictor for that of Korean-Chinese adolescents', and victimization from peer was a significant predictor for that of Korean adolescents'. The differential influence of race and culture to adolescents' aggression was discussed.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to identify the relationship between children's personality traits and self-esteem, and to find out if there were any differences in the relationship patterns in terms of children's sex. The questionnaire were collected from 984 subjects in 5th grade of elementary schools located in cities of Seoul, Suwon, Daejeon, and Daegu. Results showed that personality factors such as stability, sociability, responsibility, and superiority had stronger correlations with self-esteem factors whereas masculinity, activity level, and reflectivity did so to a less degree. Children's personality factors such as superiority, sociability and responsibility were better predictors of their self-esteem factors such as scholastic competence, social acceptance and general self-worth. Girls showed higher level of stability, sociability, responsibility and superiority, however there was no sex difference in the self-esteem such as scholastic competence, social acceptance and general self-worth. Children's behavioral conduct were mainly explained by masculinity, activity level, and responsibility. Responsibility turned out to be the strongest predictor of behavioral conduct among boys, while the activity level did among girls.