• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2003

The objective of this study was to investigate by a sensory evaluation and mechanical examination the sensory and quality characteristics of wageobyune containing different ratios of ingredients such as lettuce (50%, 60% and 70%), sugar and water. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that wageobyung containing 50% lettuce had higher scores in the overall acceptability, color, flavor and chewiness preference. In the textural analysis of wageobyung, the springiness, cohesiveness and hardness were the highest and the chewiness, gumminess and adhesiveness were the highest in the 70% added samples. Increasing the lettuce content decreased the hunter's color L-value of wageobyung. The redness and yellowness of wageobyung were increased as more lettuce was added. The moisture content of wageobyung was higher in the samples containing 70% lettuce than those containing 50%.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.409-412
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• 2006

Interrelationship between results of large deformation (texture profile analysis, TPA) test and small deformation (creep) test on ohmic heated surimi gel, water-bath heated surimi gel, and commercial fish gel products (kamabokos) was examined. Creep test revealed ohmic heated gels have higher elastic modulus and viscosity values than water-bath heated ones, with differences of elastic modulus and viscosity between ohmic and water-bath heated gels being 18 and 28.5%, respectively. These differences were reflected in the higher hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness values of ohmic heated gels in TPA. In TPA test, the differences of hardness and chewiness between ohmic heated gel and water-bath heated gel were 29.3 and 38.7%, respectively. It was concluded that with proper experimental design, the small deformation creep test which gives molecular level deformation data can be related to the large deformation TPA test indicating the sensory textural properties.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.259-266
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• 1994

This study was done to evaluate the effects of grape variety, pH and sugar contents on textural and sensory properties of grape pectin jelly. As a gelling agent, pectin 1% was selected due to highest sensory scores in preparatory experiments and also nutritional and economical reasons. To get the proximate composition of grape extract, moisture, pH, reducing sugar, and total titratable acidity was measured. Grape pectin jellies, made by 12 different recipies, were tested by sensory and instrumental evaluatoin. The results were as follows; 1) Hardness and chewiness were lowered in grape jelly which has lower pH and lower sugar contents. 2) People preferred grape jelly which has lower hardness, brittleness and sweetness, and higher sourness. 3) Comparing overall quality, Recipe C1 in Jelly 1 and recipe B1 in Jelly 2 were chosen as best. 4) Sensory hardness showed positive correlation with instrumental hardness, brittleness and chewiness.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2019

This study examined the quality characteristics of dumpling shells prepared with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% mulberry leaf powder. According to the amylograph data, the composite of mulberry leaf powder-wheat flour samples reduced the gelatinization temperatures, viscosities at $95^{\circ}C$, and maximum viscosity with increasing mulberry leaf powder content. The lightness (L) and redness (a) values decreased with increasing mulberry leaf powder content, whereas the yellowness (b) value increased. In addition, the weight, volume, and turbidity increased after cooking. In terms of the textural characteristics, addition of mulberry leaf powder increased the hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and adhesiveness. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the dumpling shells increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing levels of mulberry leaf powder. The taste, chewiness and texture of the dumpling shells prepared with added 4% mulberry leaf powder were preferred. The sensory evaluation showed that the overall preference of the dumpling shell with the addition of 4% mulberry leaf powder was more effective than the control.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.242-251
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• 2014

The traditional food - jungkwa of Korea, is difficult to manufacture. In this study, jungkwa with carrots was made in a rice cooker to simplify preparation. The boiling times for red color, chewiness and overall acceptability of jungkwa with carrots in a rice cooker as compared to the traditional method were 135 minutes, 150 minutes, 165 minutes, 180 minutes and 195 minutes, respectively. The rice cooker produced a lower moisture content in jungkwa with carrots when cooked for a longer time period, whereas the sugar content increased significantly. The color value of jungkwa with carrots was reduced at a longer boiling time as compared to the traditional method, yellowness increased when boiling time was longer than 195 minutes, whereas it remained the same with the traditional method. The hardness of jungkwa with carrots increased and candied jungkwa's result increased significantly when the boiling time was longer than 165 minutes. The rice cooker created a similar chewiness even when boiling time was over 165 minutes, although not consistently. The sensory evaluation scores of jungkwa made with carrots in terms of appearance, smell, taste, texture and overall preference were highest at 150 minutes and 165 minutes. Boiling jungkwa for 150 minutes in the rice cooker is the traditional method which simmers jungkwa at a lower timethan the preference time. Therefore, the best time for boiling jungkwa in the rice cooker highest was 165 minutes. After storage for 15 days chewiness and moisture content of jungkwa made with carrots at different boiling times, increased and decreases respectively. Therefore, the rice cooker can used to achieve comparable jungkwa without the traditional method.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2009

본 연구는 기능성을 가지고 있는 연근을 우리나라 전통 한과류인 진말다식에 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%로 첨가하여 품질특성을 평가 한 후 연근 다식의 표준레시피를 제시하고자 하였다. 실험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 연근 다식의 수분함량은 연근가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 수분함량이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 연근 다식의 색도 변화에서는 연근가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 L 값, a 값, b 값이 유의적으로 감소하는 경향이었다. 연근 다식의 물성에서는 연근가루의 첨가비율이 증가할수록 경도(hardness), 검성(gumminess), 씹힘성(chewiness), 탄력성(springiness)과 응집성(cohesiveness)은 감소하는 경향이었다. 부착성(adhesiveness)은 연근가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향이었다. 연근 다식의 정량적 묘사분석에서 연근가루 첨가량이 증가할수록 색(color), 향(flavor), 맛(taste), 씹힘성(chewiness)의 강도가 높았으며, 부드러움(softness)은 시료 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 기호도 검사에서는 연근가루 40% 첨가군(LR40)이 색, 향, 맛, 전체적 기호도에서 가장 높게 평가되었다. 이상의 연구를 통해 연근 다식으로 가장 적당한 제조 방법은 볶은 밀가루 60 g, 연근가루 40 g, 꿀 80 g으로 제조한 연근 다식이었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.650-657
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to seek the best recipe for making Gamdanja. Gamdanja is a kind of rice cake made from persimmon extract and winy flour, with a little salt mixed into the waxy flour. The method involved boiling the persimmon extract and beating in the waxy rice powder until all the waxy flour had been added. The procedure was as follows: Gamdanja containing different ratios of ingredients, such as persimmon extract (23, 23.5 and 24 hrs) and waxy rice flour (160 and 180g). The most desirable recipe was determined after sensory examination and mechanical tests using texture, moisture content and colorimeter measurements. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Gamdanja made using persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs, with the additional of 160g of winy flour gave the higher scores for QDA profile, chewiness, delicacy and after swallowing preference than the other ratios. The results of the acceptance test also showed that the Gamdanja made using the persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs with 160g of waxy rice flour was the best mix in every respect, such as for color and overall acceptability. In the textural analysis of Gamdanja, the hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were increased by the additiong of furtherway lour. The moisture content of Gamdnja with persimmon extracted for 23 hrs was higher an those extracted for 23.5 and 24 hrs. The L-, a- and values of Gamdanja were increased with decreasing waxy flour. The sensory and mechanical examinations showed the overall quality of Gamdanja had positive correlations with delicacy and color, but negative correlations with hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness. As a result of these tests, the most desirable recipe for the Gamdanja was persimmon extracted for 23.5 hrs with the additional of 160g of waxy rice flour, containing $1\%$ salt and a moisture content of $45.87\%$.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.630-636
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• 2004

쌀의 수침시간과 증자시간이 가래떡의 품질에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 쌀의 수침시간이 증가할수록 수분흡수율과 고형분 함량이 증가하였고, 입자크기는 8시간과 10시간 수침한 쌀가루의 입자가 $<40\;{\mu}m$ 크기에서 $75.2\~76.8\%,\;40\~100\;{\mu}m$ 크기에서 $23.2\~24.8\%$로 나타나 수침시간이 길어질수록 제분시 입자크기가 작아졌다. 가래떡을 제조하는데 있어 최적의 수침시간과 증자시간을 알아보고자 살펴본 가래떡의 조직감, 색도, 관능검사에서는 증자시간에 길수록 조직의 경도와 응집성, 검성, 씰힘성 등이 감소하였고, 탄성의 경우 40분 증자하였을 때 가장 높게 나타났다. 색도에서는 증자시간이 길수록 L값을 감소시키고, b값을 증가시켜, 8시간 이상의 수침시간과 40분의 증자시간이 적당한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 관능검사를 통하여 흰색의 강도(whiteness), 경도(hardness), 탄성(spinginess), 씸힘성(chewiness) 및 전반적인 기호도(overall acceptability)를 측정한 결과 8시간의 수침시간과 40분의 증자시간이 최적인 것으로 판단되었다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2006

This study intends to present basic materials for the development and production of functional dumpling skins by making rice flour-added functional dumpling skins and analyzing the nature of its quality. The moisture content of dumpling skins increased with high addition of rice flour. The color value of dumpling skins changed little with high addition of rice flour. The hardness of dumpling skins showed significant difference in all storage periods with the addition of rice flour. For the sensory properties of dumpling skins with the addition of rice flour, where 25% and 50% rice-flour were added, dumpling skins showed a high score in overall quality for O-day and 7-days of storage. In particular, the 50% rice-flour dumpling skin mixture indicated the highest score. For the correlation between textural and sensory properties according to the addition of rice flour, 0 day-stored dumpling skins showed a positive correlation between smoothness and moistness in the mouth feel and the overall quality (p<0.01) in the sensory properties. Wheat odor (r=0.68) and chewiness (r=0.65) also correlated positively with overall quality (p<0.05). Hardness in textural properties correlated positively with moistness (r=0.69) and the mouth feel (r=0.65) of dumpling skins (p<0.05). Hardness in textural properties correlated positively with adhesiveness (r=0.99) and chewiness (r=0.93, p<0.01). Dumpling skins stored for 7 days showed a positive correlation between hardness, chewiness, and moistness in the mouth feel and overall quality (p<0.05) in the sensory properties. Hardness in textural properties correlated positively with gumminess (r=0.65, p<0.05).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different moisture addition and sugar on the quality of Nokcha-julpyun, during 24hrs. As the result of the Hunter's color values, lightness, redness and yellowness were increased slightly or not after 24hrs and showed middle levels in $30%{\sim}40%$ moisture addition groups. It seemed that the addition of sugar to Nokcha-julpyun affected the redness and yellowness of 40% and 45% moisture addition groups more than the other groups. In texture profile, springiness of Nokcha-julpyun was not different significantly among all the groups during storage. Cohesiveness was getting higher by increase of moisture level and getting lower by storage. Sugar addition seemed to lower the rate of decrease of cohesiveness. Chewiness and hardness were getting lower by increase of moisture level and getting higher during storage. In this case sugar addition seemed to interfere the Nokcha-julpyun to be hard. Adhesiveness showed to be decreased during storage, but didn't show any correlations with water level. Sugar addition to Nokcha-julpyun seemed to increase springiness and adhesiveness slightly. 35% moisture and sugar addition group had the lowest values in springiness, hardness and cohesiveness. Both 40% groups and 45% moisture and sugar addition group had high values in springiness, cohesiveness and adhesiveness but had the lowest values in hardness and chewiness. In sensory evaluation, $30%{\sim}40%$ moisture addition groups showed good preferences in color, flavor, taste, tenderness and chewiness, and the 35% moisture and no sugar addition group showed the best overall acceptance among the groups. Above results indicated that moisture addition level with $30%{\sim}35%$ seems to give the best quality to Nokcha-julpyun added green tea powder with 6% level, and for the purpose to reduce the changes of texture profiles during storage, it is benefit to add sugar a little to Nokcha-julpyun.