• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1990

We got the following results from the experiment and examination in order to measure the bone-marrow dose of the patients when we did chest or abdomen radiography in the hospitals located in Seoul City from Jan. 1989 until Feb. 1990. 1. In the exposure factors for chest radiography, tube voltage $60{\sim}69\;kVp$ took 48.3%, $80{\sim}89\;or\;90{\sim}99\;kVp$ took 13.8% respectively, $70{\sim}79\;kVp$ 10.3% and $100{\sim}129\;kVp$ 10.3%. In tube current and exposure times, $6{\sim}10\;mAs$ took 41.4%, $16{\sim}20\;mAs$ took 20.7% and $11{\sim}15\;mAs$ 13.8%, measure under 5mAs 10.4% orderly. 2. In chest radiography, the bone-marrow dose came to the minimum 3.48 mrad, to the maximum 35.67 mrad, to the mean 14.46 mrad, to the standard deviation 8.89 mrad. 3. Comparing bone-marrow doses of the patients when we used Bucky technique and non-Bucky technique, that of Bucky technique was very higher than that of non-Bucky technique. Because the result was that Bucky technique had the span of $6.09{\sim}35.67$ mrad, while non-Bucky technique had the span of $3.48{\sim}17.40$ mrad. 4. In the exposure factors for abdomen radiography, tube voltage of $70{\sim}79\;kVp$ was 63.0%, that of $80{\sim}89\;kVp$ was 22.2%, that of $60{\sim}69\;kVp$ was 11.1 %. Tube current and exposure times of $31{\sim}40\;kVp$ was 33.4%, that of $51{\sim}60\;mAs$ was 29.6% and that of $41{\sim}50\;mAs$ was 22.2%. 5. In abdomen radiography, the bone-marrow dose of the patients came to the minimum of 6.96 mrad, to the maximum of 60.90 mrad, to the mean of 35.73mrad, to the standard deviation of 12.65 mrad.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2009

연구목적 : 흉부 단순촬영 상에서 발견되는 대동맥 궁 석회화가 폐쇄성 관상동맥질환과 관련성이 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 관상동맥 조영술을 시행한 사람을 대상으로 흉부 단순촬영 영상을 확인하는 후향적 연구이다. 흉부 단순촬영상은 영상의학과 전문의와 방사선사에 의해 대동맥 궁 석회화 유무를 확인하였고, 관상동맥 조영술 결과와 비교하였다. 또한 대동맥 궁 석회화의 크기를 10 mm 미만군과 이상군으로 나누어 비교하였다. 연구결과 : 총 846명의 대상자 중 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환을 가진 사람은 남자 417명(88.3%)이었고, 여자 312명(83.4%)으로 남자가 많았다. 대동맥 궁 석회화가 있는 사람 중 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환을 가질 확률을 나타내는 양성예측도는 91.4%이었고, 대동맥 궁 석회화를 가지고 있는 군이 석회화가 없는 군에 비해 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환을 가질 위험을 나타내는 상대위험도는 1.10배였다. 대동맥 궁 석회화의 크기가 10 mm 이상인 사람 중 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환을 가질 확률을 나타내는 양성예측도는 91.9%이었고, 대동맥 궁 석회화의 크기가 10 mm 이상인 군이 10 mm 미만인 군에 비해 폐쇄성 관상질환을 가질 위험을 나타내는 상대위험도는 1.04배였다. 결 론 : 흉부 단순촬영에서 발견되는 대동맥 궁 석회화와 관상동맥 조영술의 결과 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환이 서로 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 확인하였고, 대동맥 궁 석회화가 있는 사람이 없는 사람보다 폐쇄성관상동맥 질환을 가질 위험이 더 높고, 대동맥 궁 석회화의 크기가 클수록 상대위험도는 높았다. 따라서 흉부 단순촬영 시 대동맥 궁 석회화가 발견되면 폐쇄성 관상동맥 질환의 발생 가능성이 높음을 인지하여 반드시 전문의와 상담을 하여야 한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권12호
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• pp.471-476
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• 2016

Purpose: Chest radiography is often performed on patients hospitalized with typical clinical manifestations of bronchiolitis. We aimed to determine the proportion of subjects with pathologic chest radiographic findings and the clinical predictors associated with pathologic chest radiographic findings in young children admitted with the typical presentation of bronchiolitis. Methods: We obtained the following data at admission: sex, age, neonatal history, past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses, heart rate, respiratory rate, the presence of fever, total duration of fever, oxygen saturation, laboratory parameters (i.e., complete blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], etc.), and chest radiography. Results: The study comprised 279 young children. Of these, 26 had a chest radiograph revealing opacity (n=24) or atelectasis (n=2). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factors, the clinical predictors associated with pathologic chest radiographic findings in young children admitted with bronchiolitis were elevated hs-CRP level (>0.3 mg/dL) and past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The current study suggests that chest radiographs in young children with typical clinical manifestations of bronchiolitis have limited value. Nonetheless, young children with clinical factors such as high hs-CRP levels at admission or past history of hospitalization for respiratory illnesses may be more likely to have pathologic chest radiographic findings.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.65-78
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• 1992

Routine chest radiography is generally imaged by high voltage technique but some radiological technologists use low voltage for imaging. High voltage is usually said between $120\;kV{\sim}140\;kV$. Some RTs like using heavy filtration but others seldom like using it. However which is better for use calcium tungustate film screen system or ortho system and high contrast film or wide latitude c-type film for the exculusive use of chest radiography. We could not make a decision which is ideal method for use. In my opinion any method is not always exellent for chest radiography. In my experiments that I had at Kaken hospital in Japan last year I expect to keep the balance between image quality and diagnostic range and to reduce radiation dose for patients. My experiments are as follows. 1. We have looked into system characteristics(speed and contrast) in accordance with kVp($80{\sim}140$) and added filter($no{\sim}1/16\;VL$) in three screen film systems(BX3+CRONEX4, SRO750+MGH, SRO750+MGL). 2. We have looked into skin dose and film dose with same D=1.8 lung field density in accordance with kVp($80{\sim}140$) and added filter($no{\sim}1/16\;VL$) in three screen film systems. 3. We have compared with the evaluation between correlation of physical image quality(MTF) and optical diagnostic capability. Result are follows. 1. Speed of BX3+CRONEX4 became higher in accodance with kVp and thickness of filter but speed of ortho system was not as like regular system. Thicker filter diminished the speed over 100 kV range in SRO750+MGL. In case of SRO750+MGH speed of 1/16VL filter was looked into lower than speed of 1/4VL filter. Sensitivity of ortho system depends on tube voltage and added filter. 2. Skin dose has been detected $225\;{\mu}Gy{\sim}66\;{\mu}Gy$ in BX3+CRONEX4 from 80 kV, no filter to 140 kV, 1/16VL filter. SRO750+MGH could reduce the patient dose $1/2{\sim}1/3$ level in comparison to that of BX3+CRONEX4. 3. The higher kV was the worse MTF became the thicker filter was the worse MTF became too. MTF of BX3+CRONEX4 was detected better than MTF of SRO750+MGH but SRO750+MGH's optical detectability of small lesion in lung field came out better than that of BX3+CRONEX4. Conclusion Recently routine chest radiography is generally imaged by high voltage but it seems to be there are some questions in using of film screen combination. In high voltage chest radiography the subject contrast will come down that means latitude become wider. In this case if we select the low contrast film screen system(C or L type) the film contrast will fall down extremly and detectability of small lesion will be deteriorated. Wide latitude C, L type film has a merit of high detectability on mediastinum. Furthermore high contrast film screen system has the advantage to keep the high contrast in low density region as like mediastinum and heart shadow. Therefore in low subject contrast high voltage chest radiography we would rather choose the high contrast film screen system(H type) I think. From a view point of patient dose detectability of mediastinum and lung field. The optimum technical facter was found out 120 kV, 1/16VL filter : BX3+CRONEX4, 140 kV, 1/4VL filter : SRO750+MGH, 100 kV, 1/4VL filter : SRO750+MGL.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제17권
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• pp.85-93
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• 1998

• 대한방사선과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한방사선과학회 1989년도 학술발표회
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• pp.84.2-84.2
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• 1989

• 대한방사선과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한방사선과학회 1992년도 학술대회
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• pp.10-13
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• 1992

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2011

응급상황에서 방사선 촬영 분포 분석 및 문헌을 토대로 응급상황 대처 및 서비스 효율성을 개선시키기 위하여 연구를 하였다. 2010년 12월, 광주 광역시 한 대학병원에 응급실을 내원한 1270명 응급 외래환자를 분석하여 방사선 촬영 분포 데이터를 분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 응급 방사선 촬영은 56.6% 일반 방사선 촬영, 2.5% 특수촬영, CT 34.2%, 초음파 6.7%였으며, 일반 방사선 촬영에서 남성은 51.7%, 흉부외과의 촬영률 90.0%, 입원환자 77.9% 및 응급실에서 머무르는 시간이 긴 환자에게서 촬영하였다. 특수 촬영의 비율은, 비뇨기계 28.6%, CT에서는 신경외과 49.2%, 신경과 36.7%의 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 초음파의 경우 여성이 8.8%, 내과가 15.9% 비율을 나타냈다. 방사선 촬영의 분포도를 분석하면, 일반 방사선 촬영에서 흉부촬영 55.3%, 특수 촬영에서는 1.2%의 비뇨기계, CT에서는 두부 검사가 40.0%로 높은 비율을 차지했다. 일반 촬영의 진료과의 분포도에 따르면, 두부가 64.6% 신경외과, 흉부검사는 흉부외과는 90.9%, 복부가 58.0% 일반외과, 척추는 신경외과 40.0%, 골반 및 상하지는 정형외과가 15.9%, 20.5%, 31.8%를 차지하였다. 일반 촬영의 환자 1인당 평균검수는 전체 인원을 고려하여 성별, 연령별, 전원 여부별 모두에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 촬영만을 고려한 경우에는 성별에서 남자가 2.2건 높았으며, 연령대에서는 30대에서 2.7건이, 진단부분에서는 신경외과가 3.4건이 더 높게 차지하였다. 전체 촬영 부위 건수에서는 흉부가 998건으로 가장 많았다. 결과를 고려해보면, 응급실에서 근무하는 방사선사는 응급 촬영에서 노년층을 돌봐야 하며, 촬영동안에 가능한 2차 손상을 특수 촬영인 비뇨기계 계통이 기구와 관련이 되어 있기 때문이다. 줄이기 위한 부상응급 환자를 검사하는 모든 방사선사는 방사선 촬영하는 동안에 긴급 상황에 대처해야 한다. 방지 대처가 필요하다. 왜냐하면, 특히 야간에 CT 촬영하는 두부 손상 환자는 환자 처치가 매우 중요하다. 담당 의사는 언제나 CT실에 상주하여 환자를 지켜봐야 한다. 응급실에서 방사선 촬영은 여러 진료과에서 관여 한다. 일반 방사선 촬영의 높은 비율, 응급 방사선 촬영에 대한 특수 촬영실이 응급실 내에 설치하여만 하고, 능력이 있는 응급 환자 처치를 할 수 있는 방사선사가 필요로 하고 응급환자 증가로 적절한 인원배치가 필요하다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.202-205
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• 2015

Purpose: Pulmonary cement embolization after vertebroplasty is a well-known complication. The reported incidence of pulmonary cement emboli after vertebroplasty ranges frome 2.1% to 26% with much of this variation resulting from which radiographic technique is used to detect embolization. Onset and severity of symptoms are variable. Case description: We present the case of a 83-year-old women who underwent fourth lumbar vertebroplasty and subsequently had dyspnea several days later. Posteroanterior chest radiography showed multiple linear densities. Computed tomography of thorax revealed also multiple bilateral, linear hyperdensities within the lobar pulmonary artery branches are detected in axial and coronal views. Literature Reviews: Operative management of vertebral compression fractures has included percutaneous vetebroplasty for the past 25 years. Symptoms of pulmonary cement embolism can occur during procedure, but more commonly begin days to weeks, even months, after vertebroplsty. Most cases of pulmonary cement emboli with cardiovascular and pulmonary complications are treated nonoperatively with anticoagulation. Endovascular removal of large cement emboli from the pulmonary arteries is not without risk and sometimes requires open surgery for complete removal of cement pieces. Conclusion: Pulmonary cement embolism is a potentially serious complication of vertebroplasty. If a patient has chest pain or respiratory difficulty after the procedure, chest radiography and possibly advanced chest imaging studies should be performed immediately.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2000

We have presented with the "A study on overexposure rate according to over-density in chest X-ray radiography(I)" last year. In this report, We could calculate the entrance skin dose from chest X-ray film density the formula $I_0=Ix/e^{-{\mu}x}{\times}mG$, (mG is Bucky factor) was used to deliver the skin dose. At that time, There was two problems that the Bucky factor from maker was not equal to field experience and the field size influenced on the Attenuation Rate. The experiment of Bucky factor was done from film method and retried the Attenuation Rate of Acryle phantom according to Good & Poor geometry. As the results, The Bucky factor from maker higher than in this experiments $30{\sim}40%$. The Attenuation Rate in good geometric condition brings about a little alteration compare with poor geometric condition. In the field experiment, we could get the chest image with very low entrance skin radiation dose $29.3{\mu}Sv$, especially with air gap methode, the entrance skin dose was detected $10{\mu}Sv$.