• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.439-444
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• 2010

The usual ceramic process of mixing and milling in state of oxide of $ZrO_2$ and $CeO_2$ was adopted in wet process to manufacture Ce-TZP in this study. The maximum dispersion point of every slurry manufactured with mixture of $ZrO_2$ and $CeO_2$ was neat at pH10. The stable slurry in average particle size of 90 nm can be manufactured when it is dispersed with use of ammonia water and polycarboxylic acid ammonium. The sintered Ce-TZP ceramics manufactured with addition of $CeO_2$ less than 10 mol% was progressed to the fracture of specimen due to the monoclinic phase existence more than 30% at the room temperature. More than 99% of tetragonal phase was created for the sintered body with addition of $CeO_2$ beyond 18 mol%, but the mechanical property degrade on the entire specimen was brought due to the $CeO_2$ existing above 3%. Consequently, the optimal Ce-TZP combined in oxide state was identified in 16 mol% of $CeO_2$ contents.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.462-462
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• 2009

$CeO_2$는 고체 산화물 연료전지 (SOFC, soild oxide fuel cell)의 전해질 재료와 CMP(Chemical Mechanical Polishing) 슬러리 재료, 자동차의 3원 촉매, gas sensor, UV absorbent등 여러 분야에서 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 위의 활용범위 외에 $CeO_2$의 구조적 안정성과 빠른 $Ce^{3+}/Ce^{4+}$의 전환 특성을 이용하여 lithium ion battery의 anode 재료로서 전기화학적 특성을 알아보고자 실험을 실시하였다. $CeO_2$ 합성에 사용되는 전구체인 cerium carbonate의 형상 및 크기, 비표면적과 같은 물리화학적 특성이 $CeO_2$ 분말의 특성에 직접적인 영향을 주기 때문에 전구체의 합성 단계에서 입자의 특성을 조절하였다. 전구체 합성의 출발원료로 cerium nitrate hexahydrate 와 ammonium carbonate를 사용하였고 반응온도 및 농도 등을 변화시켜 입자의 형상 및 결정상을 fiber형태의 orthorombic $Ce_2O(CO_3)_2{\cdot}H_2O$와 구형의 hexagonal $CeCO_3OH$의 세리아 전구체를 합성하였다. 이를 $300^{\circ}C$에서 30분 동안 하소하여 전구체의 입자형상을 유지하는 cubic $CeO_2$를 합성하고 X-ray diffraction, FE-SEM, micropore physisorption analyzer 분석을 통하여 입자의 결정상과 형상, 비표면적 등을 비교 분석하고 $Li/CeO_2$ couple의 충,방전 용량과 수명특성을 비교 분석하여 $CeO_2$의 전기화학적 특성을 알아보았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.2349-2356
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• 2014

The recycling technology by the catalytic conversion is one of the most promising techniques for the $CO_2$ treatment of coal burning power plant flue gases. The conversion of $CO_2$ to valuable product of $CH_4$ can be used as a fuel to run the turbine for electricity generation. Through this technique, the amount of coal needed for the combustion in a gas turbine can be reduced as well as $CO_2$ emissions. Therefore, a series of catalysts based on cerium oxide doped with copper, nickel and manganese were prepared by impregnation method. From the characterization analysis, it showed that the prepared catalysts calcined at $400^{\circ}C$ were amorphous in structure with small particle size in the range below 100 nm. Meanwhile, the catalyst particles were aggregated and agglomerated with higher surface area of $286.70m^2g^{-1}$. By increasing the calcination temperature of catalysts to $1000^{\circ}C$, the particle sizes were getting bigger (> 100 nm) and having moderate crystallinity with lower surface area ($67.90m^2g^{-1}$). From the catalytic testing among all the prepared catalysts, Mn/Ce-75/$Al_2O_3$ calcined at $400^{\circ}C$ was assigned as the most potential catalyst which gave 49.05% and 56.79% $CO_2$ conversion at reaction temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2020

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)는 치과 교정장치 재료로 사용해 왔다. 하지만 낮은 항균력으로 인한 구강감염을 촉진시킬 염려가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 극복하기 위하여 최근 발표된 Ag-MSN, graphene-oxide nanosheets(nGO), Cerium nanoparticle(CNP)의 나노입자를 교정레진인 Dentarum 회사의 Orthocryl를 사용하여 레진 파우더 대비 중량비 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0%를 MMA 액에 혼합한 후 제조사의 지시에 따라 PMMA 분말: MMA 액 (1.2 : 1) 비율로 혼합하여 교정용 시편을 제작하였고 교정용 레진 항진균 실험, 통계분석을 하였다. 항균실험을 한 결과 교정용 PMMA레진이 Ag-MSN을 함유할 때 항(진)균적 성질이 증가하였다. nGO를 PM에 넣으면 표면이 거칠어지고 친수성을 높일 수 있었고 항균 접착제 효과가 표면 거칠기의 변화가 아닌 친수성이 증가하였다. CNP 농도가 높을수록 항부착 성질이 최대 60%까지 관찰되었다. 나노입자함유 교정용 레진은 항균효과가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이는 의치, 치열 교정 장치 및 임시 수복물에 대한 유망한 항균 치과 재료로서의 잠재적 유용성을 시사한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.849-852
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• 2002

Recently, amorphous selenium is used as x-ray conversion material for flat-panel x-ray detector. In this paper, we investigated the effect of breakdown under high voltage and leakage current in PN-type multi-layer structure based on p-type a-Se and n-type conductive thin film. Experimental results show that the multi-layer based detector reduced leakage current because n-type CeO2 conductive layer prevent from hole injection into a-Se layer from collection electrode, Also, the breakdown voltage was improved by dielectric layer between a-Se and top electrode.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.2572-2580
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• 2020

Emerging gamma ray detection applications that utilize neutron-based interrogation result in the prompt emission of high-energy (>2 MeV) gamma-rays. Rapid imaging is enabled by scintillators that possess high density, high atomic number, and excellent energy resolution. In this paper, we evaluate the bright (50,000 photons/MeV) oxide scintillator, cerium-doped Gd₂Al₂Ga₃O₁₂ (GAGG(Ce)). A silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array is coupled to a GAGG(Ce) scintillator array (12 × 12 pixels) and integrated into a coded-aperture based gamma-ray imaging system. A resistor-based symmetric charge division circuit was used reduce the multiplicity of the analog outputs from 144 to 4. The developed system exhibits 9.1%, 8.3%, and 8.0% FWHM energy resolutions at 511 keV, 662 keV, and 1173.2 keV, respectively. In addition, a pixel-identification resolution of 602 ㎛ FWHM was obtained from the GAGG(Ce) scintillator array.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 1991

Three isomers of damascenone, odorous terpenic ketones, have been synthesized conveniently from a same starting material, ethyl 2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-2-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate(1), which was easily available by the acid-catalyzed condensation of mesityl oxide or acetone with ethyl acetoacetate. ${\alpha}$-Damascenone(7) was prepared by converting the enone ester 1 into the corresponding tosylhydrazone(4), followed by treating with 4 molar equiv of allyllithium. ${\beta}$-Damascenone(12) was synthesized by chemoselective reduction of 1 with sodium borohydride/cerium chloride to give corresponding allylic alcohol 8, conversion of 8 into acetate 9, and thermal decomposition of 9 with DBU to afford ethyl ${\beta}$-safranate(10), followed by reaction with an excess amount of allyllithium. ${\gamma}$-Damascenone(15) was obtained by dehydration of 8 with boric acid to furnish ${\gamma}$-safranate(13), followed by treatment with 2 molar equiv of allyllithium.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2007

Solar energy conversion to hydrogen was carried out via a two-step thermochemical water splitting using metal oxide redox pair. To simulate the solar radiation, a 7 kW short arc Xe-lamp was used. Partially reduced iron oxide and cerium oxide have the water splitting ability, respectively. So, $Fe_3O_4$ supported on $CeO_2$ was selected as the active material. $Fe_3O_4/CeO_2$(20 wt/80 wt%) was prepared by impregnation method, then the active material was washcoated on the ceramic honeycomb monolith made of mullite and cordierite. Oxygen was released at the reduction step($1673{\sim}1823\;K$) and hydrogen was produced from water at lower temperature($873{\sim}1273\;K$). The result demonstrate the possibility of the 2-step thermochemical water splitting hydrogen production by the active material washcoated monolith. And hydrogen and oxygen was produced separately without any separation process in a monolith installed reactor. But the SEM and EDX analysis results revealed that the support used in this experiment is not suitable due to the thermal instability and coating material migration.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.118-118
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• 2008

The oxide CMP has been applied to interlayer dielectric(ILD) and shallow trench isolation (STI) in chip fabrication. Recently the slurry used in oxide CMP being changed from silica slurry to ceria (cerium dioxide) slurry particularly in STI CMP, because the material selectivity of ceria slurry is better than material selectivity of silica slurry. Moreover, the ceria slurry has good a planarization efficiency, compared with silica slurry. However ceria abrasives make a material removal rate too high at the region of wafer center. Then we focuses on why profile of material removal rate is convex. The material removal rate sharply increased to 3216 $\AA$/min by $4^{th}$ run without conditioning. After $4^{th}$ run, material removal rate converged. Furthermore, profile became more convex during 12 run. And average material removal rate decreased when conditioning process is added to end of CMP process. This is due to polishing mechanism of ceria. Then the ceria abrasive remains at the pad, in particular remains more at wafer center contacted region of pad. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images showed that the pad sample in the wafer center region has a more ceria abrasive than in wafer outer region. The energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) verified the result that ceria abrasive is deposited and more at the region of wafer center. Therefore, this result may be expected as ceria abrasives on pad surface causing the convex profile of material removal rate.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

중간온도$(700\~800^{\circ}C)$형 고체산화물 연료전지(solid oxide filet cells)의 양극재료로 이용을 목표로 $Gd_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Co_{1-x}Fe_xO_3,\;(x=0.0\~0.5)$ 분말을 합성하고 이의 열적 안정성, 전도특성을 조사하였다. 또한 이를 CGO(Cerium-Gadolinium Oxide) 전해질 디스크에 부착하여 양극특성을 조사하였다. 양극재료를 구연산 법에 의하여 $800^{\circ}C$에서 하소하여 분말을 합성하였을 때, Fe의 함량에 상관없이 모두 페롭스카이트 단일상을 얻을 수 있었다. 합성분말의 열적 안정성을 측정하였는데, Fe의 함량이 적을수록 열적 안정성이 열악하여 x=0.0인 시료는 $1300^{\circ}C$에서 분해되었다 그러나 Fe이 치환된 재료의 경우에는 $1400^{\circ}C$까지 분해현상은 없었으나 $1300^{\circ}C$ 근처에서 용응되는 현상이 관찰되어 양극층의 접착온도를 $1300^{\circ}C$ 이하로 설정해야 함을 알았다. $Gd_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Co_{1-x}Fe_xO_3,\;(x=0.0\~0.5)$로 반쪽전지를 제작하여 $800^{\circ}C$ 공기중에서 전지를 가동하며 양극의 산소환원 반응에 대한 활성을 조사한 결과 조성에 상관없이 $La_{0.9}Sr_{0.1}MnO_3$보다 우수한 활성을 가졌고, $x=0.0\~0.5$인 전극중에서는 x=0.2일 때 가장 좋은 양극특성을 보였다. 이와 같이 x=0.2인 경우에 가장 우수한 활성을 갖는 이유를, Fe의 함량이 많은 경우는 열적 안정성이 우수하나산소환원 반응에 대한 활성은 감소하므로 x=0.2에서 열적 안정성과 활성 사이에 최적의 trade-off가 나타남으로 설명하였다. x=0.2인 시료의 전기 전도도를 직류 4단자법에 의하여 측정하였을 때 $800^{\circ}C$에서 51 S/cm의 값을 나타내었고, 교류 2단자법으로 측정한 이온 전도도는$800^{\circ}C$에서 $6.0\times10^{-4}S/cm$의 값을 나타내었다. 즉 이 물질은 혼합 전도체로서 전극의 전 표면이 반응의 활성점으로 작용할 가능성이 있고, 이로부터 이들이 $La_{0.9}Sr_{0.1}MnO_3$보다 우수한 양극활성을 갖는 이유를 설명할 수 있었다.