• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.114-130
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• 2006

This paper deals with complexity theory to describe amphibious warfare situation using EINSTein (Enhanced ISAAC Neural Simulation Tool) simulation model. EINSTein model is an agent-based artificial "laboratory" for exploring self-organized emergent behavior in land combat. Many studies have shown that existing Lanchester equations used in most war simulation models does not describe changes of combat. Future warfare will be information warfare with various weapon system and complex combat units. We have compared and tested combat results with Lanchester models and EINSTein model. Furthermore, the EINSTein model has been applied and analyzed to amphibious warfare model such as amphibious assault and amphibious sudden attack. The results show that the EINSTein model has a possibility to apply and analyze amphibious warfare more properly than Lanchester models.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.461-471
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• 2004

In recent years, large volumes of data are transferred between a computer system and various subsystems through digital logic circuits and interconnected wires. And there always exist potential errors when data are transferred due to electrical noise, device malfunction, or even timing errors. In general, parity checking circuits are usually employed for detection of single-bit errors. However, it is not sufficient to enhance system reliability and availability for efficient error detection. It is necessary to detect and further correct errors up to a certain level within the affordable cost. In this paper, we report a generation of 3-distance code using the characteristic matrix of a PBCA.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.603-608
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• 2016

Encoding means converting or processing form or format of information into the other forms to standardize, secure, improve processing speed, store saving spaces and etc. Also, Encoding is converting the information so as to do transmit other form on the sender's information to the receiver in Information-Communication. The device that is conducting the processing is called the encoder. In this dissertation, proposes an encoder of the most basic 4-to-2 encoder. proposed encoder consists of two OR-gate and the proposed structure designs and optimize the spacing of the cell for the purpose of minimizing noise between wiring. Through QCADesigner conducts simulation of the proposed encoder and analyzes the results confirm the effectiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.335-338
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• 2005

Though GF(2) CA can only handle data with bit units, GF(2$^{p}$) CA can handle data with byte units. In this paper we analyze the state-transition of nongroup cellular automata(CA) with a single attractor over GF(2$^{p}$). And we propose the constructing method of the state-transition diagram of a linear SACA over GF(2$^{p}$) by using the concept of basic path. Also we propose the state-transition diagram of the nonlinear complemented SACA by using the state-transition diagram of a linear SACA.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.5-7
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• 2018

VLSI(Very large scale integration) 기술을 통한 트랜지스터의 소형화를 통해 CMOS 집적 회로의 성능은 지속적으로 발전해 왔다. 이와 같은 기술 발전에 따라 집적 회로를 구성하는 디지털 논리 요소 또한 진화를 하고 있다. 디코더는 부호화된 정보를 다시 부호화되기 전으로 되돌아가는 처리를 하는 디지털 논리 요소이며 컴퓨터 설계에서 많이 사용되는 핵심 요소이다. 본 논문에서는 양자점 셀룰라 오토마타(Quantum Cellular-Automata, QCA)를 사용하여 인에이블 입력을 가진 2-to-4 디코더를 제안하였다. 4-입력 유니버설 게이트의 하나의 입력을 1로 고정시켜 3-입력 NOR 게이트로 사용하며, 입력 값 X와 입력 값 Y의 중복된 배선 수를 감소시키고 한 배선으로 두 게이트에 입력을 연결하여 디코더의 배선 수와 배선 교차부를 최소화한다. 제안안하는 4-to-2 인에이블 디코더는 기존 디코더보다 셀의 개수와 클럭수를 감소시켜 디코더의 성능을 더 효율적으로 향상시켰다. 이를 통해 고속 회로 설계에 활용 및 높은 성능을 기대 할 수 있으며 QCA 연구에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 전망 한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.2195-2206
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• 2021

In order to mitigate the damage caused by accidents in nuclear power plants (NPPs), evacuation strategies are usually managed on the basis of off-site effects such as the diffusion of radioactive materials and evacuee traffic simulations. However, the interactive behavior between evacuees and the accident environment has a significant effect on the consequential gap. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a method that can control and observe such interactions by establishing agents (i.e., the evacuees) and patches (i.e., the accident environments). In this paper, a radiological emergency evacuation model is constructed to realistically check the effectiveness of an evacuation strategy using NetLogo, an ABM toolbox. Geographic layers such as radiation sources, roads, buildings, and shelters were downloaded from an official geographic information system (GIS) of Korea, and were modified into respective patches. The dispersion model adopted from the puff equation was also modified to fit the patches on the geographic layer. The evacuees were defined as vehicle agents and a traffic model was implemented by combining the shortest path search (determined by an A ^* algorithm) and a traffic flow model incorporated in the Nagel-Schreckenberg cellular automata model. To evaluate the radiological harm to the evacuees due to the spread of radioactive materials, a simple exposure model was established to calculate the overlap fraction between the agents and the dispersion patches. This paper aims to demonstrate that the potential of ABM can handle disaster evacuation strategies more realistically than previous approaches.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.235-242
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• 2019

Self-reciprocal polynomials over finite fields are useful in several applications, including reversible codes with read-backward properties. This paper is a study on 90/150 CA with characteristic polynomials of maximal weight polynomials, which is one of the self-reciprocal polynomials. In this paper, we propose a decision method for determining the existence of 90/150 MWCA corresponding to the maximum weight polynomial of degree 2n using n-cell 90/150 CA with transition rule <$100{\cdots}0$>. The proposed method is verified through experiments.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-118
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• 2019

Every year, many people are severely injured or lose their lives in accidents such as fire, chemical spill, public pandemonium, school shooting, and workplace violence. Research indicates that the fate of people in an emergency situation involving one or more hazards depends not only on the design of the space (e.g., residential building, industrial facility, shopping mall, sports stadium, school, concert hall) in which the incident occurs, but also on a host of other factors including but not limited to (a) occupants' characteristics, (b) level of familiarity with and cognition of the surroundings, and (c) effectiveness of hazard intervention systems. In this paper, we present EVAQ, a simulation framework for modeling large crowd evacuation by taking into account occupants' behaviors and interactions during an emergency. In particular, human's personal (i.e., age, gender, disability) and interpersonal (i.e., group behavior and interactions) attributes are parameterized in a hazard-impacted environment. In addition, different hazard types (e.g., fire, lone wolf attacker) and propagation patterns, as well as intervention schemes (simulating building repellent systems, firefighters, law enforcement) are modeled. Next, the application of EVAQ to crowd egress planning in an airport terminal under human attack, and a shopping mall in fire emergency are presented and results are discussed. Finally, a validation test is performed using real world data from a past building fire incident to assess the reliability and integrity of EVAQ in comparison with existing evacuation modeling tools.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.37 no.1_2
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• pp.23-35
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• 2019

Self-reciprocal polynomials are important because it is possible to specify only half of the coefficients. The special case of the self-reciprocal polynomial, the maximum weight polynomial, is particularly important. In this paper, we analyze even cell 90/150 cellular automata with linear rule blocks of the form < $a_1,{\cdots},a_n,d_1,d_2,b_n,{\cdots},b_1$ >. Also we show that there is no 90/150 CA of the form < $U_n{\mid}R_2{\mid}U^*_n$ > or < $\bar{U_n}{\mid}R_2{\mid}\bar{U^*_n}$ > whose characteristic polynomial is $f_{2n+2}(x)=x^{2n+2}+{\cdots}+x+1$ where $R_2$ =< $d_1,d_2$ > and $U_n$ =< $0,{\cdots},0$ >, and $\bar{U_n}$ =< $1,{\cdots},1$ >.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2024

Many foundation projects are built on red-bed soft rocks, and the damage evolution of this kind of rocks affects the safety of these projects. At present, there is insufficient research on the damage evolution of red-bed soft rocks, especially the progressive process from mesoscopic texture change to macroscopic elastoplastic deformation. Therefore, based on the dual-porosity characteristics of pores and fissures in soft rock, we adopted a cellular automata model to simulate the propagation of these voids in soft rocks under an external load. Further, we established a macro-mesoscopic damage model of red-bed soft rocks, and its reliability was verified by tests. The results indicate that the relationship between the number and voids size conformed to a quartic polynomial, whereas the relationship between the damage variable and damage porosity conformed to a logistic curve. The damage porosity was affected by dual-porosity parameters such as the fractal dimension of pores and fissures. We verified the reliability of the model by comparing the test results with an established damage model. Our research results described the progressive process from mesoscopic texture change to macroscopic elastoplastic deformation and provided a theoretical basis for the damage evolution of these rocks.