• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.272-278
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• 2008

The carbon-ion beam (CIB) generated by the heavy-ion medical accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) was targeted to 7-day-old rice. Physiological parameters such as growth, and gene expression profiles were examined immediately after CIB irradiation. Dose-dependent growth suppression was seen three days post-irradiation (PI), and all the irradiated plants died by 15 days PI. Microarray (Agilent rice 22K) analysis of the plants immediately after irradiation (iai) revealed effects on gene expression at 270 Gy; 353 genes were up-regulated and 87 down-regulated. Exactly the same set of genes was affected at 90 Gy. Among the highly induced genes were genes involved in information storage and processing, cellular processes and signaling, and metabolism. RT-PCR analysis confirmed the microarray data.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3916-3936
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• 2014

Smartphone applications like games, image processing, e-commerce and social networking are gaining exponential growth, with the ubiquity of cellular services. This demands increased computational power and storage from mobile devices with a sufficiently high bandwidth for mobile internet service. But mobile nodes are highly constrained in the processing and storage, along with the battery power, which further restrains their dependability. Adopting the unlimited storage and computing power offered by cloud servers, it is possible to overcome and turn these issues into a favorable opportunity for the growth of mobile cloud computing. As the mobile internet data traffic is predicted to grow at the rate of around 65 percent yearly, even advanced services like 3G and 4G for mobile communication will fail to accommodate such exponential growth of data. On the other hand, developers extend popular applications with high end graphics leading to smart phones, manufactured with multicore processors and graphics processing units making them unaffordable. Therefore, to address the need of resource constrained mobile nodes and bandwidth constrained cellular networks, the computations can be migrated to resourceful servers connected to cloud. The server now acts as a bridge that should enable the participating mobile nodes to offload their computations through Wi-Fi directly to the virtualized server. Our proposed model enables an on-demand service offloading with a decision support system that identifies the capabilities of the client's hardware and software resources in judging the requirements for offloading. Further, the node's location, context and security capabilities are estimated to facilitate adaptive migration.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.85-89
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• 1999

Somatic embryogendesis is one of good examples of the basic research for plant embryo development as well as an important technique for plant biotechnology. This paper describes the direct somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos of Panax ginseng is reversely related to normal axis growth of zygotic embryos by the experiment of various chemical treatments. Under the normal growth condition, the apical tips of embryo axis produced an agar-diffusible substance, which suppressed somatic embryo development from cotyledons. Although the cells of zygotic embryos were released from the restraint of embryo axis, various factors were still involved for somatic embryo development. Electron microscopic observation revealed that the ultrastructure of cells of cotyledon epidermis markedly changed before initiation of embryonic cell division, probably indicating reprogramming events into the cells embryogenically determined state. Polar accumulation of endogenous auxin or cell-cell isolation by plasmolysis pre-treatment is the strong inducer for the somatic embryo development. The cells for the process of somatic embryogenesis might be determined by the physiological conditions fo explants and medium compositions. Direct somatic embryos from cotyledons fo ginseng were originated eithrer from single or multiple cells. The different cellular origin of somatic embryos was originated either from single or multiple cell. The different cellular origin of somatic embryos was depended on various developmental stages of cotyledons. Immature meristematic cotyledons produced multiple cell-derived somatic embryos, which developed into multiple embryos. While fully mature cotyledons produced single cell-derived single embryos with independent state. Plasmolysis pretreatment of cotyledons strongly enhanced single cell-derived somatic embryogenesis. Single embryos were converted into normal plantlets with shoot and roots, while multiple embryos were converted into only multiple shoots. GA3 or a chilling treatment was prerequisite for germination and plant conversion. Low concentration of ammonium ion in medium was necessary for balanced growth of root and shoot of plantlets. Therefore, using above procedures, successful plant regeneration of ginseng was accomplished through direct single embryogenesis, which makes it possible to produce genetically transformed ginseng efficently.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2018

In this study, sequential cross-linked collagen gels were successfully prepared with collagen, which is biomaterial, and acrylamide (AAm), which is a synthetic monomer. The elastic moduli (E) of cross-linked collagen gels were increased from 1.5 to 3.0 kPa by varying of AAm concentrations. In addition, human dermal fibroblasts were encapsulated into the porous pores introduced into the gels, and cell growth and behavior were investigated. Increasing E of the gels led to decreases in cell growth rate, while the cellular glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production level was elevated. Overall, the growth and cellular activity of skin cells were influenced by the extracellular matrix properties of the collagen gels. In conclusion, these results will be highly useful for designing reconstructive skins and various tissue engineering researches.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.11
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• pp.1311-1316
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• 2013

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP L) is a major pre-mRNA binding protein and it is an abundant nuclear protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. hnRNP L is known to be related to many cellular processes, including chromatin modification, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export of intronless genes, internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated translation, mRNA stability, and spermatogenesis. In order to identify the cellular proteins interacting with hnRNP L, this study performed a yeast two-hybrid screening, using a human liver cDNA library. The study identified insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) as a novel interaction partner of hnRNP L in the human liver. It then discovered, for the first time, that hnRNP L interacts specifically with IGFBP-4 in a yeast two-hybrid system. The authenticity of this two-hybrid interaction of hnRNP L and IGFBP-4 was confirmed by an in vitro pull-down assay.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.331-339
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• 2007

Background: Distraction osteogenesis(DO) is a useful method for treating cases demanding the generation of new bone. During DO, the angiogenic activity is crucial factor in the new bone formation. The aim of this study was to detect the autocrine growth activity in the cellular components of the distracted bone with observation of the co-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptors following the mandibular DO. Materials and methods: Unilateral mandibular distraction(0.5 mm twice per day for 10 days) was performed in six mongrel dogs. Two animals were killed at 7, 14, and 28 days after completion of distraction, respectively. Immediately after the animals were killed, the right mandibles were harvested en block. Immunohistochemical staining was processed for observation of the VEGF expression, and double immunofluorescent staining was also processed for detection of the co-expression of osteocalcin and VEGF's two distinct receptors(VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2). Results: At 7 and 14 days after distraction, the expressions of VEGF were significantly increased in the osteogenic cells of the distracted bone. Up to 28 days after distraction, VEGF was still expressed moderate in the osteoblastic cells of distracted bone. The co-expressions of osteocalcin/VEGFR-1 and osteocalcin/VEGFR-2 were observed in the distracted bone at 7 and 14 days after distraction. In the double immunofluorescent staining, the co-expression' s level of osteocalcin/VEGFR-1 was more than that of osteocalcin/VEGFR-2. Conclusion: Taken together, this study suggested that VEGF plays an important role in the osteogenesis, and these osteoblastic cell-derived VEGF might act as autocrine growth factor during distraction osteogenesis. In the other word, the cellular components, such as osteoblasts and immature fibroblast-like cellsor mesenchymal cells in the distracted bone, might have autocrine growth activity during distraction osteogenesis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.614-620
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• 2019

Microalgae have been explored as potential host species for biofuel production. Environmental factors affect algal growth and cellular composition. The effects of several key environmental factors, such as temperature, light, and pH of the medium on the growth and biochemical composition of Scenedesmus obliquus were investigated in this study. The highest growth rate of microalgae was observed at an optimal temperature of 25℃, 150 μmol/(m²·s) light intensity, and pH 10.0. The biochemical composition analysis revealed that the carbohydrate content decreased at lower (20℃) or higher temperature (35℃), whereas the protein and lipid contents increase at these temperatures. The fluctuation of light intensity significantly affected the contents of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid. The protein levels varied greatly when the pH of the medium was below 7.0. The carbohydrate and lipid contents significantly increased at pH above 7.0.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.37-41
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• 2015

The oocyte undergoes various events during maturation and requires many substances for the maturation process. Various intracellular organelles are also involved in maturation of the oocyte. During the process glucose is essential for nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, and adenosine triphosphate is needed for reorganization of the organelles and cytoskeleton. If mitochondrial function is lost, several developmental defects in meiotic chromosome segregation and maturation cause fertilization failure. The endoplasmic reticulum, a store for $Ca^{2+}$, releases $Ca^{2+}$ into the cytoplasm in response to various cellular signaling molecules. This event stimulates secretion of hormones, growth factors and antioxidants in oocyte during maturation. Also, oocyte nuclear maturation is stimulated by growth factors such as epidermal growth factor. This review summarizes roles of organelles with focus on the Golgi apparatus during maturation in oocyte.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.441-445
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• 2001

Resveratrol, a trihydroxystilbene found in grapes and several plants, has been shown to be active in inhibiting multistage carcinogenic process. Using resveratrol as the prototype, we synthesized several analogs and evaluated their growth inhibitory effect using cultured human cancer cells. In the present report we show that one of the resveratrol analogs, 3, 5,2',4'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene, potentiated the inhibition of cancer cell growth. Prompted by the strong growth Inhibitory activity of the compound ($IC_{50}$; $0.8{\mu}$ g/ml) compared to resveratrol ($IC_{50}$; $18{\mu}$ug/ml) in cultured human colon cancer cells (Col2), we performed an action mechanism study using the compound. The compound induced the accumulation of cellular DNA contents in the sub-CO phase DNA contents of the cell cycle by in a time-dependent manner. The morphological changes were also consistent with an apoptotic process. This result indicated that the compound induced apoptosis of cancer cells, and may be a candidate for use in the development of potential cancer chemotherapeutic or cancer chemopreventive agents.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.155-162
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• 2020

The paper aims to examine the association between information and communication technology (ICT), economic growth and population health based on health production model in Malaysia. This theoretical health production function is represented as follows: where the output is an individual health outcome, and the inputs are determinants of health, such as income, education, health care costs, medical facilities, the environment, and lifestyle. The development of information and communication technologies are represented as of mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100) and fixed telephone subscriptions (100) using time series data from 1993-2017 from the World Bank database. Using the bound testing technique of cointegration, this study finds that ICT affects population health significantly and positively in the long- and short-run. This is because ICT inclusion improves human health and longevity. Whereas, economic growth has no significant impact on the population's health both in the short- and long-run. The findings indicate that a weak global economy affects Malaysia's economic growth and reduces the health expenditure per capita. The results of this study suggest that policymakers must develop policies that improves public health by increasing health literacy, disseminating health information and facilitating medical facilities. This study also suggests that health care systems should to concentrate on digital inclusion.