• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1996년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 공군사관학교, 청주; 26-27 Apr. 1996
• /
• pp.543-546
• /
• 1996

Recently, some research has been done to analyze the asymptotic behavior of queue length distribution in ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) multiplexer. In this paper, we relate this asymptotic behavior with the asymptotic behavior of decreasing cell loss probability when the buffer capacity is increased. We find with reasonable assumptions that the asymptotic rate of queue length distribution is the same as that of decreasing cell loss probability. Even under different priority control schemes and traffic classes, we find that this asymptotic rate of the individual cell loss probability of each traffic class does not change. As a consequence, we propose the upper bound of cell loss probability of each traffic class when a priority control scheme is employed. This bound is computationally feasible in a real-time. The numerical examples will be provided to validate this finding.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.357-362
• /
• 2010

미생물연료전지는 미생물이 유기물을 분해하면서 전기를 발생시킨다. 미생물연료전지는 여러 분야로 응용이 가능하며 현재 생산되는 전력이 낮기 때문에 상용화가 되기 위해서는 미생물연료전지(MFC)의 전력을 증진시키는 방안 연구가 필요하다. 미생물연료전지(MFC)의 전력을 증진시키기 위해서는 산화, 환원전극에서의 활성화전압손실(Activation losses)과 저항전압손실(Ohmic losses)을 줄여야 하며 활성화전압손실과 저항전압손실의 정확한 측정과 이를 줄이기 위한 인자를 찾는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 H형태의 미생물연료전지(Microbial Fuel Cell, MFC)에서 전류차단법(Current interruption)을 이용하여 산화전극 및 환원전극에서의 활성화 전압손실과 저항전압손실을 측정하였다. H형태의 미생물연료전지에서 백금이 코팅된 전극(0.5 $mg/cm^2$; 10% Pt)을 환원전극으로 이용하였음에도 환원전극 전압손실이 산화전극 전압손실보다 4배 가량 큼을 알 수 있었다. 전류차단법(Current interruption)에 의하여 구한 저항전압손실 값(1146 ${\Omega}$) 과 impedance에 의하여 구한 내부저항(1167 ${\Omega}$)은 거의 일치하였다. 또한 산화, 환원전극 활성화 전압손실의 합은 전지(cell)의 활성화 전압손실과 일치하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제29권7A호
• /
• pp.852-857
• /
• 2004

본 논문에서는 기존의 광대역 저지대역 특성을 갖는 PBG 구조들의 문제점인 입사 및 반사손실 그리고 리플특성을 향상시키기 위하여 새로운 PBG 구조를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조는 내부에는 작은 PBG 구조를 제작되었고. 외부는 큰 PBG 구조를 이용하여 중첩시킨 모양으로 되어 있다. 내부에 제안된 PBG 구조는 높은 주파수에서 저지대역을 형성하고 외부에 제안된 PBG 구조는 낮은 주파수에서 저지대역을 형성함으로서 광대역에 걸쳐서 저지대역을 형성하는 특성을 볼 수 있었다. 저지대역에서의 입사손실은 평균 40dB 이상을 형성하였고. 또한 리플특성이 향상되었으며. 입사손실 및 반사 손실이 향상되어 기존의 광대역 저지대역을 형성하는 PBG 구조보다 더 넓은 통과대역을 사용할 수 있었다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.178-183
• /
• 2014

The objective of this study is to find out the effect of yeast on hair loss treatment and the role of hair follicle stem cell activator, which is important in hair growth. The authors have recently produced a substance, which has no disgusting odor, does not precipitates and does not easily corrupt, to use instead of yeast acquired from raw rice wine(Makgeolli). The substance is named Yeast Constituent Extract(YCE). In this research, the Produced YCE was applied on the hair loss area of 10 Androgenic alopecia patients, twice every day for 6 months, in order to test the effect of hair loss treatment and the role of stem cell activator. As a result, all of the patients showed a significant growth of hair after 3 months of test, and showed much more growing, thickening and strengthening of hair after 6 months. As a result of measuring the number of hair strings in the same scalp region of the patients after 6 months, it is found that the density of hair has increased, indicating that the hair loss treatment was effective. Also the hair follicle stem cell was isolated from the patients and the contents of growth factors (IGF, VEGF, FGF, HGF) derived from hair follicle stem cell were measured with ELISA. As result, the amount is found to be about 10 times greater than before the test. The hair follicle stem cell contains many growth factors that affect growth of hair, so it takes a highly important role in hair loss treatment. The YCE that the authors have produced was found to be effective in increasing the contents of growth factors that are derived from hair follicle stem cell. Thus it can be inferred that the YCE plays a role as a stem cell activator that activates the hair follicle stem cells. In conclusion, the YCE is considered to be highly effective for hair loss treatment and to have a role as a stem cell activator.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 2011

The efficiency of solar cell was about 4[%] in initial stage of photovoltaic industry, but it has quite a lot of efficiency through technology advances. Today, the efficiency of c-Si solar cells is about 17 to 19[%] and the efficiency of PV modules is about 14 to 15 [%]. We called that electrical losses occurred in the Conversion of solar cells to PV modules are CTM loss(Cell To Module loss), the CTM loss typically has a value of about3~5[%]. The more efficiency of solar cell increase, differences are larger because the efficiency decrease owing to physical or technical problems occurred in the Conversion of solar cells to PV modules. In this study, the power loss factors occurred in the Conversion of solar cells to PV modules are analyzed and it is proposed that how to reduce losses of the PV module. The types of power loss factor are (1)losses of front glass and encapsulant(generally EVA sheet), (2)losses by sorting miss, (3)losses by interconnection, (4)losses by the field aging of PV modules. In further study, experimental and evaluation will be conducted to make demonstrate for proposed solutions.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.55-66
• /
• 1970

Reappraisal measurements of apparent half survival time of red cell by $^{51}Cr$ method was made and effects of blood-letting over red cell survival were observed. The study was performed on 53 normal male subjects under three different experimental conditions. 1. Group 1 Mean $^{51}Cr$ red cell half survival by ACD wash method was 29.7 days. $T\frac{1}{2}$ of Ascorbic acid method was 29.0 days in group with 100 mg dose and 29.1 days in group with 50 mg dose respectively. There was no difference between these two methods in regards to red cell half survival. No difference were noted in amount of ascorbic acid administered. 2. Group 2 As daily amount of blood loss is increased the shortening of red cell half survival was noted. Rapid phase was seen when blood loss ranged 10 to 25 ml per day, while slow phase noted when more loss amounted 25 ml or more daily. Thus, it was clear that there was more than an exponential relation between $T\frac{1}{2}$ and the amount of blood loss. 3. Group 3 $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per whole blood was within normal range and $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per red cell mass showed shortening tendency when compared with the former in the group measured after blood loss (from 25 ml daily up to 100 ml daily in 10 days). In the group with rather constant blood loss of 100 ml daily for 10 consecutive days revealed the significant difference in two measurements (P<0.01). 4. $T\frac{1}{2}$ in non-steady state When red cell production is increased compared with red cell destruction, $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per red cell mass being shorter than that by cpm per whole blood. Shortening of $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per whole blood is more prominent. if red cell destrction is enhanced and exceeds production. 5. It is clear that when expressing red cell destruction rate, $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per whole blood is more adequate and production more consistent with cpm red cell mass. 6. $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured during blood-letting, when corrected by amount of blood loss, it remains normal. It is erroneous to use conventional equational when measuring $T\frac{1}{2}$ in non-steady. $T\frac{1}{2}$ measured by cpm per whole blood is considred more applicable in clinical evaluation.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.855-869
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we proposed two kids of dynamic priority control mechanisms controlling the cell service ratio in order to improve the QOS(Quality of Service). We also analyse theoretically the characteristics of cell loss probability and mean cell delay time by applying the proposed priority control mechanisms to ATM switch with output buffer. The proposed priority control mechanisms have the same principles of storing cells into buffer but the different principles of serving cells from buffer. The one is the control mechanism controlling the cell service ratio according to the relative cell occupancy ratio of buffer, the other is the control mechanism controlling the cell service ratio according to both the relative cell occupancy ratio of buffer and the average arrival rate. The two service classes of our concern are the delay sensitive class and the loss sensitive class. The analytical results show that the proposed control mechanisms are able to improve the QOS, the characteristics of cell loss probability and mean cell delay time, by selecting properly the relative cell occupancy ratio of buffer and the average arrival rate. conventional DLB algorithm does not support synchronous cells, but the proposed algorithm gives higher priority to synchronous cells. To reduce synchronous cell loss rate, the synchronous cell detector is used in the proposed algorithm. Synchronous cell detector detects synchronous cells, and passes them cells to the 2nd Leaky-Bucket. So it is similar to give higher priority to synchronous cells. In this paper, the proposed algorithm used audio/video traffic modeled by On/Off and Two-state MMPP, and simulated by SLAM II package. As simulation results, the proposed algorithm gets lower synchronous cell loss rate than the conventional DLB algorithms. The improved DLB algorithm for multimedia synchronization can be extended to any other cells which require higher priority.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제19권12호
• /
• pp.2328-2339
• /
• 1994

ATM 전송 기술에 있어 PBS 방법은 혼재된 트래픽 환경하에서 각각의 트래픽이 서로 다른 서비스 품질을 요구할 경우, 체증 상태의 망 관리를 효율적으로 하기 위한 제시된 셀 준위의 우선 순위 제어방식이다. 이 논문에서는 시간 지연과 셀 손실에 민감한 두 트래픽에 대한 처리를 PBS 방법을 적용시켜 셀 손실에 대한 분포를 분석하고자 한다. 특히, 실시간 트래픽의 주요한 성능 척도인 연속적 셀 손실 확률을 정확하게 구하기 위한 셀 손실 간의 독립성을 가정하지 않은 재귀적 알고리듬을 사용한다. 이 방법에 의해 유도된 셀 손실에 대한 분포의 결과는 독립을 가정한 경우보다 더 심각하게 나타난다. 그리고, 실시간 트래픽에 대한 PBS 방법의 제한성과 주어진 서비스 품질 기준에 따른 허용 부하를 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.225-234
• /
• 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of cell surface receptor loss by two constitutively activating mutants (designated L469R, and D590Y) and two inactivating mutants (D417N and Y558F) of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica, known to naturally occur in human LHR transmembrane domains. We investigated cell surface receptor loss using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in HEK 293 cells. The expression level of wild-type eel LHR was considered to be 100%, and the expression levels of L469R and D417N were 97% and 101%, respectively, whereas the expression levels of D590Y and Y558F slightly increased to approximately 110% and 106%, respectively. The constitutively activating mutants L469R and D590Y exhibited a decrease in cell surface loss in a manner similar to that of wild-type eel LHR. The rates of loss of cell surface agonist-receptor complexes were observed to be very rapid (2.6-6.2 min) in both the wild-type eel LHR and activating mutants. However, cell surface receptor loss in the cells expressing inactivating mutants D417N and Y558F was slightly observed in the cells expressing inactivating mutants D417N and Y558F, despite treatment with a high concentration of agonist. These results provide important information on LHR function in fish and the regulation of mutations of highly conserved amino acids in glycoprotein hormone receptors.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.920-926
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 고층 건물내의 층간 셀구성에 있어서 기존의 층간 셀간섭 분석에서 고려되지 않았던 건물 매질에 의한 영향을 분석하고 각 주파수대역에서의 매질에 따른 손실치를 측정실험을 통하여 추출하였다. 특히, 매질에 따른 투과손실 측정시 직접파 경로로 유입되는 간섭신호와 기울기(slant)를 갖는 경로로 유입되는 간섭신호에 관하여 측정함으로써 층간 셀구성에 있어서 기준셀로 유입되는 간섭신호의 경로에 따른 시스템 성능을 분석하였다.