• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.232-235
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• 2005

Transcripts levels of superoxide dismutases increase slightly following infection of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells(HMEC-1) by the obligae intracellular bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. In addition, fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis demonstrates significant intracellular peroxide activity in infected cells within 5 hr after exposure to O. tsutsugamushi. Furthermore, infected cells experienced a significant depletion of glutathiones. These results support hypothesis that cells infected by this intracellular bacterium experience oxidant-mediated injury.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-53
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• 1992

This study was designed to estimate the ability of squalene treated mice to eliminate systemically infected bacteria and fungi and to elucidate the mechanism. As a result of measuring the ability to remove systemically infected bacteria and fungi, The ability of mice to remove the organism was found to increase in squalene treated mice when compared with control mice. And also the ability of phagocytic cells to produce Reactive Oxygen Intermediate(R.O.I.) increased in squalene treated mice. When the NADPH oxidase activity that make R.O.I. produce was measured, the activity increased in squalene treated mice, too. Therefore the good clearance of live organism in squalene treated mice is likely to relate to phagocytic cell activation. The activation of phagocytic cells might be mediated via the increased production of R.O.I. due to the increase of NADPH oxidase activity.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 1991

Saprolegnia diclina, which was the pathogen causing death in snake fishes(Channa argus) at culture farm, was investigated using scanning electron microscope. It was found that Saprolegnia diclina infection caused snake fishes to fail gas change in the gills. Cell lysis as well as edematous disease and hyperplasia as a result of Saprolegnea diclina attachment on the surface of gills were observed. The granules, the mean diameters of which ranged from 6 to $7\;{\mu}m$, attaching on the surface of gills were found to be secondary zoospores of Saprolegnia diclina. The failures of gas exchange in the gill cells and circulation as a result of the osmotic dilution of the blood were supposed to be the main cause of death.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2006

In the genome of Helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, open reading frame 39 (Ha39) is the only gene predicted to encode an RNA recognition protein. Computer analysis revealed that Ha39 homologues were found in 15 NPVs, but not in GVs. Its transcripts were detected from 3 through 72 hours post infection (h p.i.) using RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. The protein was detected in infected-cell lysates from 6 h p.i. Western blot assay of ODV and BV preparations revealed that Ha39 encodes a structural protein associated with BVs. Additionally, immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated that the protein was present within cytoplasm in virus-infected cells, but not in the nuclear region.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.4 s.19
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• pp.87-90
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• 2004

In order to elucidate the mechanism of infection on human macrophages, we peformed the 2-dimensional electrophoresis and the western blot analysis using the infected human macrophages with the spores of live and inactivated Sterne. We confirmed P21-activated kinase 2 protein which related to cell death(apoptosis) human macrophages at the early stage events. The inhibition of the P21-activated protein kinase 2 protein will be reduced apoptosis on infected human macrophages with Sterne spores.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.159-173
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• 2009

Nuclear factor erythroid derived 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription regulator of antioxidant and cytoprotective proteins that mediate cellular defense against oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Disruption of cellular stress response by Nrf2 deficiency causes enhanced susceptibility to infection and related inflammatory diseases as a consequence of exacerbated immune-mediated hypersensitivity and autoimmunity. The cellular defense capacity potentiated by Nrf2 activation appears to balance the population of $CD4^+$ and $CD8^+$ of lymph node cells for proper innate immune responses. Nrf2 can negatively regulate the activation of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules such as p38 MAPK, NF-${\kappa}B$, and AP-1. Nrf2 subsequently functions to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, COX-2 and iNOS. Although not clearly elucidated, the antioxidative function of genes targeted by Nrf2 may cooperatively regulate the innate immune response and also repress the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.387-390
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• 2011

Nude mice (BALB/c) were grafted with human 293 cells and PERV (porcine endogenous retrovirus)-IRES-EGFP (a packageable retroviral vector plasmid containing an internal ribosome entry site-enhanced green fluorescent protein)-producing pig PK15 cells in order to determine whether the pig cells could transmit PERV-IRES-EGFP to mice and human 293 cells in vivo. None of the transplanted human 293 cell lines were infected by PERV, but PCR analysis identified PERV-B provirus integration into both the heart and salivary gland of the inoculated nude mice. Our data indicate that hearts and salivary glands can be used to identify PERV-B receptors.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.621-623
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• 2017

Mariculture of rainbow trout Onchorhynchus mykiss has been initiated in or around olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus farms, where viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is often detected in some fish. In the present study, we investigated VHSV infection in seawater-reared rainbow trout because VHSV has never been detected in salmonids in Korea. A total of 104 adult fish were tested for the presence of VHSV by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, followed by virus isolation with the fathead minnow caudal trunk cell line. Cytopathic effects were observed in two samples but the virus was identified as infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. Thus, VHSV was not isolated from seawater-reared rainbow trout.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.70 no.5
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• pp.371-383
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• 2011

The number of immunocompromised patients has increased over the past decades due to HIV infection, solid and stem cell transplantation, intensified chemotherapy and treatment of autoimmune disease. Pneumonia is a major cause of both morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Clinical management of pneumonia is difficult, since differential diagnosis in this setting is broad and includes both infectious and noninfectious processes. Because the development of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients is frequently life threatening, early therapeutic and diagnostic intervention is essential to obtain better outcomes.