• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 1998

The stability of ceftriaxone sodium 100 mg/ml in the water for injection was tested at two temperature conditions (refrigerator and room temperature) and two storage containers (vitro and syringe). The stability of each sample was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography while storing for 5 days at room temperature and 27 days at refrigerator. The concentration of ceftriaxone sodium was 100 mg/ml which the hospital usually use as a filling preparation for I.V. push or Y-site injection. There was no significant difference between the storage in vials and syringes. There was no significant difference in the change of concentration until storing the reconstituted ceftriaxone sodium injection for 2 days at room temperature and 14 days at refrigerator. In conclusion, the ceftriaxone sodium 100 mg/ml in the water for injection can be stored in vial or syringe for 2 days at room temperature and 14 days at refrigerator after preparation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2014

The jejunum is the longest part of the small intestine and its lumen is mainly involved in the absorption of the nutrients. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of metronidazole, ceftriaxoine sodium and their combination on the stenotic index of the end to end jujunal anastomotic site. To accomplish this, 20 healthy stray dogs were subjected to end to end jejunal ansastmosis. Dogs in Group A (control) underwent jejunal anstomosis with no antibiotic prophylaxis, while those in Group B received surgery and metronidazole alone at 50 mg/kg, those in Group C received ceftriaxone sodium intravenously at 30 mg/kg body weight prior to surgery and dogs in Group D were given metronidazole in combination with ceftriaxone sodium at 50 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively, 2 h before surgical intervention. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in the stenotic index was observed at 14 days after jejunal anastomosis. These findings indicate that prophylactic administration of metronidazole and ceftriaxone sodium alone or in combination had no significant effect on the stenotic index of the jejunum.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2006

Square wave voltammetric (SWV) and cyclic voltammetric (CV) behaviors of cefotaxime sodium and ceftriaxone sodium have been investigated in the potential range between -0.10 V and -1.30 V using the phosphate buffers of various pH values ($2.00{\sim}9.10$). Two main peaks observed were irreversible and protons were involved in their electrochemical reductions. The first peaks of these cephalosporin antibiotics are due to the reduction of the azomethine double bond in the methoxyimino group of the side chain at position 7. The second peaks of cefotaxime sodium and ceftriaxone sodium are related to the reductions of the ${\Delta}^3$ double bond and the dioxo moiety of the side chain at position 3, respectively. The calibration curve of cefotaxime sodium in the concentration range between $1.0{\times}10^{-7}M$ and $1.0{\times}10^{-5}M$ yielded the linearity with the correlation coefficient of 0.9998 when the first peak of the antibiotic in a phosphate buffer of pH 3.02 was measured at the conditions of frequency of 120 Hz and pulse height of 50 mV by SWV. The present fast, simple and accurate SWV assay method was applied to determine cefotaxime sodium in the commercial antibiotic powder of injection.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.96-99
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• 2004

Aminophylline, ceftriaxone 및 ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn)을 미숙아용 고영양수액제에 직접 첨가하거나 Y-site로 투여하는 경우의 안정성에 관해 조사하였다. Aminophylline 주사액 (25mg/mL) $300{\mu}l$와 ceftriaxone sodium (37.5 mg/mL) 2mL를 각각 고영양수액제 직접 첨가하였다. 또한 Y-site에서의 안정성 조사를 위해 ceftriaxone sodium (37.5 mg/mL)을 고영양수액제에 각각 1:1 및 1:2 부피비가 되도록 혼합하였고 Unasyn (25mg/mL)은 고영양수액제와 1:1의 부피비로 혼합하였다. 이상과 같이 조제한 혼합액을 $25^{\circ}C$와 $4^{\circ}C$에 보관하여 aminophylline은 48시간 동안 그리고 항생제들은 24시간 동안의 경시변화를 HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였다. Aminophylline은 위 보존조건에서 48시간동안 안정하였다(변화율 <$10{\%}$). Ceftriaxone sodium을 고영양수액제에 직접 첨가한 경우 ceftriaxone의 잔존률은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 4시간째에 $90.5{\pm}1.8{\%}$이었고 $4^{\circ}C$에는 $95.1{\pm}1.4{\%}$로 측정되었다. Y-site에서의 안정성과 관련하여 ceftriaxone sodium을 고영양수액제와 1:1로 혼합한 경우 양 보존조건에서 ceftriaxone은 24시간 동안 안정하였으나 1:2로 혼합한 경우에는 $4^{\circ}C$ 보관 시에만 안정하였고 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 24시간째에 약 $14{\%}$ 정도 분해되는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, Unasyn의 경우 ampicillin은 24시간째에 $4^{\circ}C$ 보관 시에만 안정하였고 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 24시간째에 약 $14{\%}$정도 분해되는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, Unasyn의 경우 ampicillin은 24시간째에 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 안정하였으나 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 $30{\%}$까지 감소되는 것으로 분석되었고 sulbactam은 24시간째에 온도와 관계없이 안정한 것으로 나타났다. Ceftriaxone sodium을 TPN과 Y-site 혼합 후 1-2시간 이내에 침천이 형성되었고 Unasyn의 경우에는 12시간째에 침천이 형성되었다. 혼합액의 pH나 색상은 연구기간 동안 일정하였다. 이러한 연구결과에 기초할 때, aminophylline은 고영양수액제와 혼합가능하고 ceftriaxone과 Unasyn은 고양양수액제와 혼합시 최소 1시간 동안은 안정한 것으로 평가되었다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.228.2-229
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• 2003

Investigation of polymorphism has become a requirement in the pharmaceutical industry because the physical properties and bioavailabilities of crystalline drugs depend on their polymorphic form. Two polymorphic modifications and one pseudopolymorphic modification of cefotaxime sodium were prepared by recrystallization in organic solvents under variable conditions. Four polymorphic modifications of cephardine were prepared by recrystallization. Three polymorphic modifications and one pseudopolymorphic modification of ceftriaxone sodium were prepared by recrystallization. (omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.699-708
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• 2022

Antibiotic exposure during pregnancy have an adversely effects on offspring behavior and development. However, its mechanism is still poorly understood. To uncover this, we added ceftriaxone sodium to the drinking water of rats during pregnancy and conducted three-chamber sociability test, open-field test, and Morris water maze test in 3- and 6-week-old offspring. The antibiotic group offspring showed lower sociability and spatial learning and memory than control. To determine the role of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in the changes in offspring behavior, fecal samples of 6-week-old offspring rats were sequenced. The composition of dominant gut microbial taxa differed between the control and antibiotic groups. KEGG pathway analysis showed that S24-7 exerted its effects through the metabolic pathways including mineral absorption, protein digestion and absorption, Valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed that S24-7 abundance was negatively correlated with the level of VEGF, and metabolites associated with S24-7-including 3-aminobutanoic acid, dacarbazine, L-leucine, 3-ketosphinganine, 1-methylnicotinamide, and N-acetyl-L-glutamate-were also significantly correlated with VEGF levels. The findings suggest that antibiotic exposure during pregnancy, specifically ceftriaxone sodium, will adversely affects the behavior of offspring rats due to the imbalance of gut microbiota, especially S24-7, via VEGF and various metabolic pathways.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.790-795
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• 2005

The effects of liquid culture of Coriolus (C) versicolor on weight gain, food intakes, food efficiency ratios, serum and hepatic lipid concentrations were investigated in male rats fed the high cholesterol diets. Eight weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats were given three different types of diet for six weeks, respectively: a control diet ($ 20\% fat +0.5 \% $ cholesterol), two kinds of C versicolor diet (control diet + $ 30\% or 40\%$C. versicozor in water) according to the levels of C. versicolor supplementation. The body weight gains of the rats fed $ 30\% or 40\% $ C. versicolor diets were lower than those in the rats fed the control diet. The food intake, food efficiency ratios, and liver, kidney, epididymal fat pad weights of the rats fed $ 30\% or 40\%$ C. versicoEer diets were similar to those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride in the rats fed $ 30\% or 40\% $ C. versicolor diets were significantly lower than those in the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations in serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly lower in the rats fed $ 30\% or 40\%$ C. versicolor diets compared to those fed the control diet. The HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratios was significantly higher in the rats fed $ 30\% or 40\% $ C. versicolor diets compared to those fed the control diet. The fecal excretion of total lipid and triglyceride in the rats fed $ 40\% $ C. versicolor diet was significantly higher than that of the rats fed the control diet. There were no significant difference found in the serum trigly-ceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol concentrations among the experimental groups. These results showed that the C. versicolor feeding decreased the hepatic cholesterol, triglyceride, and the serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index, and increased the serum HDL-cholesterol/ total-cholesterol ratio of the rats.