• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.473-484
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• 2015

Geophysical exploration using electric resistivity, ground penetrating radar (GPR), and impedance high-frequency (ZHF) surveys was conducted in Gujwa-eup, Jeju City, Jeju Island, an island in the Korea Strait, to confirm the existence of new caves near known caves. The exploration revealed a number of anomaly zones, presumed to be caves; 27 sites at suitable locations and depth ranges were selected for drilling and further surveys. However, contrary to predictions, most of the anomaly zones were clinker layers or paleosols intercalated with lavas. Only five boreholes intersected caves. The clinker layers and paleosols were possibly detected as anomalies owing to their different physical properties from the other rocks. Two of the five cave-finding boreholes penetrated Yongcheon Cave; a new cave was found at the other. The two boreholes that penetrated Yongcheon Cave were drilled in areas where the cave has not been previously reported, and thus helped correct an error in the cave distribution map. The cave newly discovered in this boring exploration is 180 m long, and it is connected to the upstream part of Dangcheomul Cave (110 m). The cave contains well-developed lava helictites, lava levees, and ropy structures; carbonate speleothems such as soda straws, stalagmites, columns, and curtain shawls are also well preserved. Notably, the unique shape of the carbonate speleothems is attributed to their growth in relation to the cavern water that flowed into the cave along plant roots.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.67
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• pp.11-20
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• 2005

The envirronment of Gosu cave and distribution of inhabitant were surveyed every month from 2002, April to 2003, march. in Gosu Cave, average temperature in summer was $16^{circ}C$ and in winter $14^{circ}C$. Average humidity in summer was $85\%$ and in winter $90\%$. At the entranceof cave in the site 1, trogloxenes:4 species were observed. Troglophiles: Diestrammena japanica was a large population. inside of cave in the site 2 and in the middle Part of the site 3, troglobites:4 species, troglophiles:2 species, trogoxenes: Rhinoiophus ferrumeqinum korai, skleroprotopus laticoxalis longus were observed. Galloisiana sp. were observed on the ground of the Sindong in the site 4, Pseudocrangonyx asiaticus were obserued in the water of yongsu valley. Troglobites have to be preserve as cave animals living in the darkness for a long time.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.534-539
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• 1996

Total 276 soil actinomycete strains were isolated from 46 soil samples collected at domestic natural caves; the Kosu, Chundong, and Nodong caves at Chungbook province, the Kossi cave at Kangwon province, the Sungruye cave at Kyungbook province, the Hyupjae, Ssangyong, and Manjang caves at Cheju province. All of these isolates were identified to the genus level based on morphological and physiological characteristics. As the result, 52.5% of those isolates were Streptomyces, 16.3% were Micromonospora, 22.8% were Nocardioform group, 1.1% were Actinomadura, 0.3% were Nocardiopsis, 0.3% were Streptosporangium, 0.3% were Nocardioides, 1.4% were Kineosporia, 4.7% were the others. Streptomycete strains were the most abundant, but were relatively less comparing to general distribution pattern. Nocardioform and Micromonospora strains were quite abundant, and other rare actinomycete groups were somewhat abundant comparing to general distribution pattern previously reported. Especially Nocardioform strains were highly abundant at almost of the natural caves.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.62
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• pp.43-70
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• 2004

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.966-974
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• 2002

An analytic approach has been employed to study condensate film thickness distribution inside cave-shaped cavity of a flat plate heat pipe. The results indicate that the condensate film thickness largely depends on mass flow rate and local velocity of condensate. The increasing rate of condensate film for circular region reveals about 50% higher value than that of vertical region. The physical properties of working fluid affect significantly the condensate film thickness, such as the condensate film thickness for the case of FC-40 are 5 times larger than that of water. In comparison with condensation on a vertical wall, the average heat transfer coefficient in the cave-shaped cavity presented 10∼15% lower values due to the fact that the average film thickness formed inside the cave-shaped cavity was larger than that of the vertical wall with an equivalent flow length. A correlation formula which is based on the condensate film analysis for the cave-shaped cavity to predict average heat transfer coefficient is presented. Also, the critical minimum fill charge ratio of working fluid based on condensate film analysis has been predicted, and the minimum fill charge ratios for FC-40 and water are about Ψ$\_$crit/=3∼7%, Ψ$\_$crit/=0.5∼1.3% respectively, in the range of heat flux q"=5∼90kW/㎡.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.66
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• pp.45-57
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• 2005

This Paper is a study on the duality of speleothem that appeared in 'Hyeob Jae Cave' which is designated as the natural monumen. No.236. It is located at Hyeob Jae Ri, Hanrim Eub, Bug Je-ju Gun, Je-judo. The findings are as follows. 1. The distribution range of the shelly sand which has maximum thickness of $10m{\pm}$ and average of $3m{\pm}$ was $3.2m^2$. 2. The desert hollow acted to promote the speleothem deposits in the lava tunnel with lava mound formed by lavapilz and artificial breaksand wall. 3. The main component of the pseudo limestone cavern was carbonate Calcium from shelly sand. And the deposition of speleothem in the Cave was accelerated after the volcanic erupsion of Biyang island in 1002. A.D. 4. The secondary depositions of Calcite recognized as speleothem up to now it can be used for the pseudo karst in general. 5. It seems that the variety of the cave deposits is decided depending upon the geology, land form, climate, vegetations and the structural environmental factors. 6. It seems that the wondering development of accretionary deposits caused by encrusting has a close relation with intermittent seepage of ground water. 7. Finally, we can acknowledge the coexistent duality of speleothem by shelly sand along with the joint and the lava stalactites formed at the same time with the lava tunnel on the ceiling where there was no seepage.

• Journal of the speleological society of Korea
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• no.7
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• pp.3-8
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• 1998

There are some 1,000 natural caves in Korea. Most caves on the mainland are made of limestone, whereas most of the caves on Cheju Island are volcanic in origin. The caves on Cheju, in particular, are internally renowned for their huge size and scientific value. By contrast, the caves on the mainland are not as big, but their unique shapes and formations still attract the attention of international speleologists.(omitted)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.51
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• pp.19-26
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• 1997

동굴생물은 식물과 동물, 미생물로 크게 구분되지만 태양광선이 완전히 차단된 동굴내 환경에서는 동굴동물들이 주종을 이루고 있다. 즉 동굴내의 동물에 관한 연구는 1966년 고씨동굴, 용담굴을 시발로 고수굴, 천동굴, 노동굴, 백룡굴, 대이굴, 판선굴 등 강원도내에 분포하는 동굴 중 약 30%정도는 동물을 포함한 생물상이 조사되었다.(중략)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.67
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• pp.53-63
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• 2005

This study is basic research to present the activation of cave tourism. So first of all for establishing of this study, we examined the distribution characteristics of natural caves and monument caves. The results of this study are as follows; First, monument caves concentrate upon Gangwon-do and Jeju-do. Second, open caves concentrate upon Gangwon-do and Chungcheongbuk-do. Third, typical linkage characteristics of tourism resources surrounding open caves are very high in natural tourism resources. Fourth, It is necessary to develop tourism route though the linkage with other tourism resources. But this study have been partial and fragmentary. in order to increase the number of tourists, we should make them curious about the specific region by presenting the unique characteristics of the region, for example its cultural, social, recreational etc. in other words, in order to attract the tourists open caves should differentiate from other open caves.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.95
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

The problems of Ondal cave have been analyzed by the lack of academic names and explanations compared to other caves. To improve the problems, there needs to be various and balanced distribution of names, increase explanations, specializing in the form of academic explanations and the information format.