• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2017

본 논문은 분진 색상에 따른 광전식연기감지기 챔버의 응답특성에 관한 연구이다. 국내 자동화재탐지설비 및 경보설비의 화재안전기준의 개정으로 연기감지기의 실내 적용이 의무화되었으나, 아직까지 국내에서는 실내 환경에서 발생되는 실내먼지 및 환경조건 등에 의해 발생될 수 있는 부작동 및 비화재보에 대한 연구가 미비한 편이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 실내먼지 중 가장 많이 발생될 것으로 판단되는 다양한 색상의 섬유분진에 따른 연기감지기의 실내적응성을 연구하기 위해 국내에 가장 많이 보급화 되어 있는 격자형의 연기챔버를 가진 광전식 연기감지기를 실험대상으로 하고, 갈색, 백색, 회색, 흑색 4종류의 섬유분진을 실험분진으로 하여 분진시험 및 감도시험을 진행하였다. 또한, 연기챔버의 수광부 전압을 측정하여 챔버 내부의 산란현상을 관찰하였다. 실험결과 4종류의 분진 모두 오염도 A에서는 분진시험 및 감도시험에서 모두 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 오염도 B와 C에서는 갈색, 백색, 회색분진의 경우 작동시험 및 부작동시험에서 분진오염에 의한 오작동이 나타났고, 흑색분진의 경우 작동시험에서 부작동이 발생되는 것으로 확인되었다. 연기챔버의 수광부 전압측정 결과는 갈색 및 백색분진의 경우 오염도가 증가할수록 전압이 증가하였고, 회색 및 흑색분진의 경우 전압이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2012

Currently a variety of efforts to conserve and restore the injured the Annal of the Joseon Dynasty are continued and many studies about the aging pathway of the beeswax-treated volume have being progressed. In this study, two chambers were set up to assess the influence of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) generated in process of beeswax deterioration. One chamber was closed and the other was continuously ventilated in order to remove the VOCs. In results, the acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was more than that aged in ventilated chamber. The folding endurance of beeswax-treated Hanjis aged in closed chamber was lower than that aged in ventilated chamber. Accumulated acid compounds of beeswax-treated Hanji in closed chamber may cause accelerated aging and strength decrease. In conclusion, accumulated acid compounds can accelerate the aging of beeswax-treated Hanji and cause the severe deterioration of inside of beeswax-treated volume. Therefore, to preserve more safely beeswax-treated volumes of the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, it is essential that VOCs emitted from beeswax-treated volume are ventilated.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2024

Oxygen is necessary to sustain life, but reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by oxygen metabolism can cause mutations and toxicity. ROS can damage cellular macromolecules, leading to oxidative stress, which can accelerate cell death and aging. ROS generated in food affect the taste, color, and aroma of food, and high levels of ROS in meat can cause spoilage. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in scavenging ROS in food and reducing their toxicity to organisms. SOD exerts its antioxidant effect by catalyzing the breakdown of O₂-• to H₂O₂. As a natural antioxidant, SOD has the ability to regenerate and maintain its activity over a long period of time without depletion, unlike chemical antioxidants that may have side effects or stability issues. This antioxidant effect of SOD has great potential in a variety of industries, and in the food industry it can be utilized to improve product quality and provide safe and healthy products to consumers. By disrupting the SOD2 and SOD3 genes in Candida albicans, we studied the effects of SOD2 and SOD3 genes on the antioxidant system, suggesting its potential as a natural antioxidant.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.57-59
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• 2002

Because of the growing demand for protect and maintain one's health, population search for good water increase very rapid in recent. This study was performed to investigate the at 432 sites natural spring water quality in Seoul. Samples for analysis were collected form January to December in 2001. The quality of water was evaluated by analyzing fourty items of Korea drinking water criteria. The main results of this study were as follows 1. The rate of natural spring water was 26.6％ and the Total colony, E.Coli and Yersinia of the total incongruence cause was 67.9％ 2. The distribution of phisical-chemical item on the incongruence cause was Residues on evaporation 8.6％, Turbidity 4.3％, Nitrate nitrogen 2.5％, pH 2.5％ and F-1,2％ 3. The most population area of mean drinking population per one day was that man of Gangnam was 312.92 person. Next to Yangcheon Seocho Seodaemun and Dongjak was 229.6, 195.31, 190.50, 190,00 person. 4. The more person and the number of natural spring water, the more non passed drinking criteria natural spring water except for Gangnam and Gangbuk. 5. The corelationship of drinking population and results of the tests do not exist and the corelationship of results and Total colony, E.Coli, Color, Turbidity, KMNO4 consumption, Residues on evaporation, Fe, Mn, Zn and A1 are existed positive relationship.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.979-993
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• 2016

Mongolian cashmere sliver, yarn, and fabric were dyed and bleached with a solution of ascorbic acid and iron sulfate at $70^{\circ}C$, and then dyed using natural indigo powder at the dyeing temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ for 15-90 minutes using the IR dyeing machine. K/S values of bleached samples decreased significantly when dyed above $70^{\circ}C$ dyeing temperature for a longer dyeing time. Bleached cashmere fabric showed a greater loss of tensile strength than unbleached cashmere fabric, even when the samples were dyed at $40^{\circ}C$. With a higher dyeing temperature, yarns lost fullness, became thinner, and the pores between the yarns were enlarged. The x-ray diffraction pattern exhibited a prominent increase in crystallinity and the protein assay indicated a loss of protein in the bleached sample dyed at $90^{\circ}C$. Thinning of scales, fractured or raised tip of scales, and roughness on the entire surface of the fiber were also observed. The results indicate that bleaching and high temperature dyeing cause a serious damage to cashmere fibers. In addition, bleaching and high temperature dyeing cause significant fiber damage. Natural indigo dyeing using low temperature dyeing is recommended to produce blue color cashmere.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.210-227
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• 2006

Many historians presume that several kings included the crown prince were killed by poison in the Jo-Soon dynasty. Above all, there is every possibility of killing the crown prince So-Hyoon(昭顯) by poison. The crown prince So-Hyeon was detained for 8 years in Sim-Yang(瀋陽). He died suddenly in two month from coming home. According to an authentic record, official death causes were malaria. But there is little possibility that a young crown prince die of malaria at the age of 34. His dead body shows change of skin color and bleeding from the ear, eye, mouth, and nose. This is the sufficient evidence that he was killed by poison. King In-Jo have a doubt that he was ousted from his post by crown prince So-Hyeon in conspiracy with cheong imperial court. Especially, after the crown prince So-Hyeon's death, owing to cold attitude that king In-Jo shows and a tragic affair that occurred to the crown prince's family, king In-Jo is under suspicion as the mastermind of the murder. Another poisoners are Jo-So Yong(趙昭容) and Lee-Hyeong Ik(李聲益). Jo-So Yong, a royal harem, intrigue against the couple of crown prince So-Hyoon. Lee-Hyeong Ik that win king In-Jo's favor take charge of the medical treatment. We supposed that toxic substance is arsenic poison.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1168-1174
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of different nitrate levels (150, 300, 450, and 600 ppm $KNO_3$) on the volatile compounds and some other properties of pastırma. Methods: Pastırma samples were produced under the controlled condition and analyses of volatile compounds, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an indicator of lipid oxidation, non-protein nitrogenous matter content as an indicator of proteolysis, color and residual nitrite were carried out on the final product. The profile of volatile compounds of pastırma samples was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using a solid phase microextraction. Results: Nitrate level had a significant effect on pH value (p<0.05) and a very significant effect on TBARS value (p<0.01). No significant differences were determined in terms of $a_w$ value, non-protein nitrogenous substance content, color and residual nitrite between pastırma groups produced by using different nitrate levels. Nitrate level had a significant (p<0.05) or a very significant (p<0.01) effect on some volatile compounds. It was determined that the amounts and counts of volatile compounds were lower in the 450 and especially 600 ppm nitrate levels than 150 and 300 ppm nitrate levels (p<0.05). While the use of 600 ppm nitrate did not cause an increase in residual nitrite levels, the use of 150 ppm nitrate did not negatively affect the color of pastırma. However, the levels of volatile compounds decreased with an increasing level of nitrate. Conclusion: The use of 600 ppm nitrate is not a risk in terms of residual nitrite in pastırma produced under controlled condition, however, this level is not suitable due to decrease in the amount of volatile compounds.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.52.1-52.11
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• 2021

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of low and moderate concentrations of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) loaded into a hydrogel system on crown discoloration and explored whether application of an adhesive bonding agent prevented crown discoloration. Materials and Methods: Intact human molars (n = 160) were horizontally sectioned 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. The crowns were randomized into 8 experimental groups (calcium hydroxide, Ca[OH]₂; 1, 10, and 1,000 mg/mL TAP and DAP; and no medicament. The pulp chambers in half of the samples were coated with an adhesive bonding agent before receiving the intracanal medicament. Color changes (ΔE) were detected by spectrophotometry after 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks, and after 5,000 thermal cycles, with ΔE = 3.7 as a perceptible threshold. The 1-sample t-test was used to determine the significance of color changes relative to 3.7. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of treatment, adhesive, and time on color change, and the level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: Ca(OH)₂ and 1 and 10 mg/mL DAP did not cause clinically perceivable tooth discoloration. Adhesive agent use significantly decreased tooth discoloration in the 1,000 mg/mL TAP group up to 4 weeks. However, adhesive use did not significantly improve coronal discoloration after thermocycling when 1,000 mg/mL TAP was used. Conclusions: Ca(OH)₂ and 1 and 10 mg/mL DAP showed no clinical discoloration. Using an adhesive significantly improved coronal discoloration up to 4 weeks with 1,000 mg/mL TAP.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2022

Underwater optical images face various limitations that degrade the image quality compared with optical images taken in our atmosphere. Attenuation according to the wavelength of light and reflection by very small floating objects cause low contrast, blurry clarity, and color degradation in underwater images. We constructed an image data of the Korean sea and enhanced it by learning the characteristics of underwater images using the deep learning techniques of CycleGAN (cycle-consistent adversarial network), UGAN (underwater GAN), FUnIE-GAN (fast underwater image enhancement GAN). In addition, the underwater optical image was enhanced using the image processing technique of Image Fusion. For a quantitative performance comparison, UIQM (underwater image quality measure), which evaluates the performance of the enhancement in terms of colorfulness, sharpness, and contrast, and UCIQE (underwater color image quality evaluation), which evaluates the performance in terms of chroma, luminance, and saturation were calculated. For 100 underwater images taken in Korean seas, the average UIQMs of CycleGAN, UGAN, and FUnIE-GAN were 3.91, 3.42, and 2.66, respectively, and the average UCIQEs were measured to be 29.9, 26.77, and 22.88, respectively. The average UIQM and UCIQE of Image Fusion were 3.63 and 23.59, respectively. CycleGAN and UGAN qualitatively and quantitatively improved the image quality in various underwater environments, and FUnIE-GAN had performance differences depending on the underwater environment. Image Fusion showed good performance in terms of color correction and sharpness enhancement. It is expected that this method can be used for monitoring underwater works and the autonomous operation of unmanned vehicles by improving the visibility of underwater situations more accurately.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.645-650
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• 2010

In this paper, we present the effect of binocular cues which plays crucial role for the visualization of a stereoscopic or 3D image. This study is useful in extracting depth and disparity information by image processing technique. A linear relation between the object distance and the image distance is presented to discuss the cause of cybersickness. In the experimental results, three dimensional view of the depth map between the 2D images is shown. A median filter is used to reduce the noises available in the disparity map image. After the median filter, two filter algorithms such as 'Gabor' filter and 'Canny' filter are tested for disparity visualization between two images. The 'Gabor' filter is to estimate the disparity by texture extraction and discrimination methods of the two images, and the 'Canny' filter is used to visualize the disparity by edge detection of the two color images obtained from stereoscopic cameras. The 'Canny' filter is better choice for estimating the disparity rather than the 'Gabor' filter because the 'Canny' filter is much more efficient than 'Gabor' filter in terms of detecting the edges. 'Canny' filter changes the color images directly into color edges without converting them into the grayscale. As a result, more clear edges of the stereo images as compared to the edge detection by 'Gabor' filter can be obtained. Since the main goal of the research is to estimate the horizontal disparity of all possible regions or edges of the images, thus the 'Canny' filter is proposed for decipherable visualization of the disparity.