• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was a secondary analysis to verify the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) between organizational justice (OJ) and organizational effectiveness (OE) in nursing organizations. Methods: The RN-BSNs and their colleagues in Seoul and Busan were subjects. The data was collected for 20 days between September 13 and October 2, 2004. Two hundred eighty three data sets were used for the final analysis. The fitness of models were tested using AMOS 5. Results: The fitness of hypothetical model was moderate. Procedural Justice (PJ), Interaction Justice (IJ) and Distributive Justice (DJ) had direct effects on Job Satisfaction (JS), Organizational Commitment (OC) and Turnover Intention (TI) in OE, and indirect effects on JS, OC and TI mediated by OCB. The modified model improved with ideal fitness showed the causal relations among OE. In modified model, PJ, IJ and DJ had direct positive effects on OCB and JS and OC in OE, and indirect effects on JS and OC mediated by OCB. JS and OC in OE had a direct negative effect on TI. Conclusion: OCB mediated the relationship between OJ and OE, so the nursing managers should enhance OCB of the nurses in order to improve OE.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.457-461
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• 2013

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death in male populations across the globe. With the advent of gene expression arrays, many microarray studies have been conducted in prostate cancer, but the results have varied across different studies. To better understand the genetic and biologic mechanisms of prostate cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis of two studies on prostate cancer. Eight key genes were identified to be differentially expressed with progression. After gene co-expression analysis based on data from the GEO database, we obtained a co-expressed gene list which included 725 genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these genes are involved in actin filament-based processes, locomotion and cell morphogenesis. Further analysis of the gene list should provide important clues for developing new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 2016

Purpose: This study is a qualitative research to identify new nurses' adaptation experience to sleep changes. Method: Grounded theory methodology was utilized. Participants were 10 new nurses from one university hospital. The information was collected and analyzed using the grounded theory of Corbin and Strauss'(2008). Results: Through constant comparative analysis, central phenomenon was identified as 'Shaky daily life due to the sleep change'. A core category emerged as 'In the shaky daily life, go grab my position', Causal conditions were 'Heaviness in shift work', 'Not released after getting off work', and 'Body and mind are exhausted'. Context were 'An environment that does not tolerate mistakes' and 'Clogged breathing due to worries'. Intervening factors were 'Support of colleagues', 'Recovery volition in restoration of altered relationships due to sleep'. Action/Interaction Strategies were 'To strive for a good sleep', 'Require a reasonable duty schedule' and 'Find a breakthrough'. Consequences were 'Become the master of shaky daily life' and 'Accepting the life of a nurse'. Conclusion: New nurses experience sleep patterns changes from the hospital shift system. but throughout the process of adaptation, came to accept sleep disorder as part of the life of a nurse.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2004

Purpose: The research was conducted to investigate the experience of maternal role attainment of mothers of premature infants admitted in NICU and to conceptualize the phenomena. Method: The grounded theory method was utilized for data collection and analysis. 8 mothers of premature infants were selected and in-depth interview was performed. Paradigm model was utilized for data analysis and presentation. Result: The central category was 'unstable maternal identity'. The properties of the core phenomena was 'ambivalent feeling to baby' 'negative emotion' 'commitment to baby'. The loss of control due to premature delivery was the causal condition. contextual condition was the 'perceived threats' due to severity of the premature infant and uncerainty of the baby's life. The mother's health status, economic status, and familial and social support was recognized as intervening conditions during the process of maternal role attainment. The strategic action/interactions were emotion-focused coping, reappraisal of the situation, problem-focused coping, and information seeking. The consequence was the maternal role attainment with competence and expectation. Conclusion: The process of maternal role attainment was affected by threats due to severity of the baby and intervening factors and interaction strategy. Further research is recommended to develop adequate intervention method during the process of maternal role attainment.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.161-180
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• 2018

Purpose One of the success factors of information system projects is to reduce requirements uncertainty through user engagement. So, in many recent IS development environment, a business analyst or business analysts are positioned between users and developers to drive user engagement to reduce requirements uncertainty. But, there are few studies that research about the competencies of business analysts for training and staffing. So, this study analyzed which underlying and practical competencies that positively influence user engagement are required. Design/methodology/approach The level of underlying and practical competencies required for business analysts and the level of user enagement in the IS development environment are collected through the survey. And, the causal relationship between the construct concepts which are underlying competencies, practical competencies and the user participation is analzed through the PLS analysis. Findings The results of this study show that the practial competencies of business analysts that positively have a significant impact on user engaement were studied as requirements development skills. Additionally, the underlying competencies of business analysts which have a significant impact on requirements development skills were examined as business knowledge and interaction skills rather than technical knowledge and communication skills.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.214-224
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• 2011

Purpose: Understanding daily life experiences of patients admitted to hospital with recurrent breast cancer. Methods: The grounded theory method was used for this study. Results: Consistent comparative analysis was used throughout the study to obtain the results. Results showed that inpatients with recurrent breast cancer experience 'a co-existence of life suffering and fear of death'. The causal condition of this result was determined to be 'patient's response to cancer recurrence (acceptance/despair)', including contextual conditions such as, 'previous experience with cancer treatment', 'patient's current physical condition', and 'treatment methods for recurrent cancer'. Intervening conditions, such as 'a strong will to live', 'family support', 'moral support providers', and action/interaction strategies were found to provide patients with 'a strength to live'. Shown in these results, inpatients with recurrent breast cancer were seen to have a simultaneous 'hope for life and fear of death'. Conclusion: When providing nursing services to inpatients with recurrent breast cancer, people must recognize there is a notable difference between individual patients' contextual conditions and interactive strategies. Henceforth, proper cognitive nursing must be provided which encourages patients to maintain a strong will to overcome the many hardships of treatment as well as physical nursing, such as management of side effects caused by chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.141-152
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to describe the decision making of nurses in a VIP ward. Method: The methodology of collecting and analyzing the data was based on the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998). The data were collected through an in-depth interview, which were audio-taped and transcribed. The data were collected from 10 nurses from July to November 2007. Results: The core category on VIP ward nurses' decision making was named as "adjusting with flexibility and deepened insight". The causal condition was established by 'the patients who wanted to be treated specially'. The contextual conditions included 'caring patients from various departments', 'differences depending on the nurses' clinical experience', and 'client-centered atmosphere in the VIP ward'. The intervening conditions included 'problem solving styles of nurses', 'attitudes of patients and family members', 'nurse-doctor relationships', and 'accessibility to information'. It was confirmed that nurses changed their action-interaction strategies depending on the intervening conditions, thus resulted in the nurses' role conflict and the need to expand their consciousness. Conclusion: The result of this study indicates that nurse's decision making depends on their experiences and the nature of social context in which nursing occurs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.49-73
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• 2011

With the market evaluation of economic globalization exchanges between different cultures, cultural trade has been developing at an accelerated speed, and also playing an important role in East Asian intra-regional trade. In this research the author used gravity trade model to explain the causal relationship between dependent variable trade flows and several independent variables applying with five categories cultural goods which classified in HS codes. Firstly for cultural heritage trade flow, the results indicated that economic masses of bilateral countries have no significant influences on it; GDP per capita of host country and adjacency factor with partner country have significant negative influences on it; Internet coverage ratio has improved cultural heritages exchanges in East Asian regions. Secondly for printed matter cultural goods trade flow, the distance factor has significant negative influence but common language has significant positive influence on it. Thirdly for recorded media cultural goods, only economic masses and GDP per capita of bilateral countries can improved their trade flows. Fourthly for visual arts cultural products trade flows, almost all variables we tested have significant influences on it. Fifthly for cinema photography cultural goods trade flow, the influenced factor are same with cultural heritage products except they have strong positive interaction relationship with economic masses and common language. At last, the paper figured out some important and potential sectors for cultural goods trade in East Asia and gave some suggestions to government and cultural goods product enterprises.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.556-574
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• 2017

This study explored the appearance management experiences of breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy. For data collection, one-on-one interviews were held with 18 Korean females diagnosed with breast cancer from the first stage to the third stage from 2008 to 2015. The data was analyzed through a three-step analysis of grounded theory. QSR NVivo 11.0 for Mac was applied in order to avoid biased results according to the subjective viewpoint of researchers. From open coding results, six paradigms and 15 categories were drawn. The results of axial coding showed that the psychological changes category was the central phenomenon. Additionally, three categories (skin changes, scalp/hair changes, and general reactions) were found to be causal conditions, and five paradigms (clothing behavior, skin care behavior, makeup behavior, scalp/hair-care behavior, and shopping behavior) were found to be action/interaction strategies. Last, selective coding integrated fragmented qualitative data through open coding and axial coding in order to derive explanatory narratives. A comprehensive examination of the appearance management behaviors of breast cancer patients suffering from extreme stress due to physical/psychological changes enables this study to provide a foundation for related studies to be activated in the clothing and textiles discipline.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 2007

Over the last few years, the endophytic bacterial community associated with citrus has been studied as an important component interacting with Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis(CVC). This bacterium may also colonize some model plants, such as Catharanthus roseus and Nicotiana clevelandii. In the present study, we compared the endophytic colonization of Citrus sinensis and Catharanthus rose us using the endophytic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae. We chose an appropriate strain, K. pneumoniae 342 (Kp342), labeled with the GFP gene. This strain was inoculated onto seedlings of C. sinensis and C. roseus. The isolation frequency was determined one week after the inoculation and the endophytic colonization of K. pneumoniae was observed using fluorescence microscopy. Although the endophytic bacterium was more frequently isolated from C. roseus than from C. sinensis, the colonization profiles for both host plants were similar, suggesting that C. roseus could be used as a model plant to study the interaction between endophytic bacteria and X. fastidiosa.