• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.3 s.82
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Cationic dyeable polyester(CDP) was produced through melt blending of cationic chips having $2mol\%$ of sodium salt of dimethyl ester of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid(DMS salt) and normal polyester chips in different proportions to obtain yarns having varying amount of comonomer in the fiber. The modified polyesters showed increased moisture regain, decreased viscosity, lower softening point and improved antistatic characteristics, according to the amount of modifier. In dyeing at $100^{\circ}C$ the dyeing rate of cationic dyes with CDP fiber increased slowly than that of disperse dyes. In dyeing at $120^{\circ}C$ cationic dyes reached to equilibrium at 30min and disperse dyes at 10min. Cationic dyes in dyeing of CDP fabric have a better wash fastness compared with disperse dyes, also rubbing fastness of cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes. The light fastness of CDP fabric for cationic and disperse dyes is not good. The fastness of 75d/36f CDP fabric is higher than 75d/72f fabric. Solvent wicking fastness of CDP with cationic dyes is better than that of disperse dyes.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 1995

In order to study the dyeing property of acrylic and cotton blends with cationic and reactive dyes, staining on cotton of cationic dyes, stability of cationic dyes, and fastness properties in various conditions were investigated. The restlts obatined from this study are summarized as follows: 1. Cationic oxazine dyes showed good stability in comparison with cationic azo dyes. 2. Staining of cationic dyes on cotton was gradually increased with pH and neutral salt concentration, but decreased with dyeing time and dyeing temperture.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Dyeing and fastness characteristics of 100% meta-aramid fiber were investigated with cationic dyes and swelling agents under various dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature and pH of dye bath. Dye exhaustion started at around $80^{\circ}C$ and settled down at $130^{\circ}C$. Among swelling agents used, N-methyl formanilide showed comparatively higher K/S values comparing to 1-phenoxypropan-2-ol. Under weak acidic conditions in the range pH 5 to 7, the exhaustion of cationic dyes could be enhanced leading to higher adsorption and stability of colorimetric property. Wash and rubbing fastness were generally good but low light fastness found can be attributable to the poor photo-stability of the cationic dyes.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.301-308
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• 2015

This study optimizes dyeing conditions for polyamide-imide fabric using cationic dyes. Dyeing and fastness characteristics of polyamide-imide fabric were investigated with three cationic dyes and 2-hydroxyacetophenone as a swelling agent under various dyeing conditions such as dye and swelling agent concentrations, dyeing temperature and time, pH of dye bath. The dyeing properties were evaluated in terms of dye exhaustion, K/S value and color fastness. The optimized dyeing temperature and time were $130^{\circ}C$ for 90 min for the dyes. Under weak acidic conditions in the range pH 5 to 7, the exhaustion of cationic dyes could be enhanced leading to higher adsorption. Wash and rubbing fastness properties were generally good, while light fastness was slightly low, which can be attributed to the poor photo-stability of the cationic dyes.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

The dyeing properties of modified wool were examined with a series of acid, reactive and cationic dyes. Cationic agent and sulphamic acid were applied to wool fabric for dye assist and resist effect. Wool pretreated with cationic agent showed better uptake of acid and reactive dyes than did untreated wool. On the other hand, the dyeing behavior of wool pretreated with sulphamic acid was found as follows : Acid dyes were poorly resisted with a hydrophobic mechanism but acid dyes were strongly resisted with a hydrophilic mechanism. Reactive dyes were also found to be effectively resisted. Sulphamic acid introduces sulphonate group into wool's structure, it has increased better uptake of cationic dyes than untreated wool. The degree of differential uptake depends on the level of pretreatment and produces a variety of tone-on-tone and multicolor effect in piece dyeing.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• v.67
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• pp.187-198
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• 2018

Clay based coating with zwitterionic functionality is used to remove cationic and anionic dyes. Adsorbent coating was prepared by the mixing of bentonite clay, acrylic polymer (AP) and polyethylene-diamine (EPI-DMA). Characterization was performed using SEM-EDX, XRF, X-ray mapping and FTIR analyses. The adsorption capacity of ZACC was found to be increased from 59.35 to 255.99 mg/g and from 45.84 to 70.09 mg/g for BG and AR1 dyes, respectively using initial concentration (50-200 ppm). Significant adsorption capacity along with mechanical and chemical stability formulates ZACC as an excellent composite coating for treatment of anionic and cationic dyes from industrial wastewater.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate increasing the neutral substantivity of anionic dyes for cationic-modified cotton fabric treatied with cationic agent. In the present study 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride for reactive cationic agent was produced by reaction of epichlorohydrine with trimethylamine hydrochloride. 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was converted in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide into glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride. By treating with this epoxy reagent the hydroxyl groups of cotton fabric was modified to trimethylammonium group through ether linkage. The introduction of new cationic sites into cotton fabric by pretreating with cationic agent improves the substantivity of anionic dyes with the cotton in dyebath. Dyeablity of the modified cotton fabric for direct and reactive dyes was much improved in a non-electrolytic or a little electrolytic dyebath and was proportional to the concentration of cationic agent.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2021

In this study, the dyeability of m-aramid fabric with various cationic dyes using two bath two step dyeing method were investigated. The exhaustion properties of Doracryl series recommend for aramid(Doracryl^® Red GL 100%(DR), Doracryl^® Blue GL 300%(DB), Doracryl^® Yellow XGRL 200%(DY)) and commercial cationic Synocryl series(Synocryl^® Red GRL ED(SR), Synocryl^® Blue GSL ED(SB), Synocryl^® Yellow 3RL ED(SY)) for acrylic were measured by using Dye-O-meter. In the presence of carrier, the exhaustions of Doracryl series were higher to those of Synocryl series and the opposite phenomenon was observed in the absence of carrier. And the severe migrations of cationic dyes to acetate, nylon and wool fabrics were observed without carrier.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.275-282
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• 1984

The interaction between azo dyes and cationic surfactant was studied by absorption spectroscopy and fluorescent Rayleigh scattering. In order to presume the structure of formed micelle, methyl orange and ethyl orange as azo dyes and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as cationic surfactant were used. Infomations about interaction parameter including absorption maxima, optimal conditions, and intensity of fluorescent Rayleigh scattering were obtained. When azo dyes and CTAB are formed 1 : 1 complex, it showed the strongest intensity of fluorescent Rayleigh scattering. On going from mixed micelle to homomicell, It suggests successively several intermediate steps of complex structure which can be distinguished clearly from one another.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2010

Cotton fabric is usually dyed with anionic dyes such as direct and reactive dyes. Naturally, there is no affinity for basic dyes to cotton fiber. In this study, to improve the dyeability of cotton fiber with cationic dyes, the fabric was pretreated with air plasma and grafted with acrylic acid to create acidic groups on the surface of cotton fibers. The grafted samples were dyed with natural cationic dye extracted from roots of berberis vulgaris. The effect of plasma treatment and grafting of acrylic acid on the color strength of cotton fabric was studied.